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prefix

4.1Affixation

李娜（0815010073）

1.Prefixation

1）Negativeprefixes

a-not,without,oppositeto

Anonymous

Atthemoment,GMisonlyconsideringtheoption,accordingtoanonymoussources,withnothingsetinconcreteyet,Reutersreports.

dis-not,theconverseof

Dispraise

Hedispraisedthefilminafewwords.

in-（il-,ir-,im-）not,theconverseof

Illegal

Abortionisillegalinsomestates

Irregular

Irregularwindow,fromabitmapread.Andtoprovideabaseclass.

Immodest

Tellme,child.Wasthistouchimmodest?

non-‘not’aproductiveaffixexpressingtheideathatapersonorthingdoesnothavethequalitiesorcharacteristicsreferredto.

Non-member

Non-memberpleasewearblackclothes.Thanks!

un-not,theconverseof

Untruth

Ishallconqueruntruthbytruth.

2）ReversativeorPrivativeprefixes

De-reversingtheaction,deprivingof

Depopulate

Theconquerorsdepopulatedtheenemy'scountrybydestructionandexpulsion.

Dis-reversingtheaction,withverbs,adjectives

Dismember

Theconglomeratedismemberedthebusiness.

Discolored

Thecarpethaddiscolouredovertheyears.

Un-reversingtheaction,deprivingof,withverbs|deprivingof,releasingfrom.Usewithnounstomakenouns

Unbind

Theyunboundallthepoliticalprisonersafterliberation

Untomb

3）Pejorativeprefixes

Mal-badly,bad.Addedtoverbsparticiples,adjectivesand

abstractnouns.

malministration

Mis-wrongly,astray.Addedtoverbs,participlesandabstractnouns.

Misstep

Thinkingof"Juno"asjustateenagecomedywouldbeatrulypatronizingmisstep.

Pseudo-false,imitation.Aproductiveaffixwithnounsandadjectives.

Pseudo-friend

pseudo-Likelihood

Maximumpseudo-LikelihoodmethodisusedtoestimatethecoefficientfunctionsinthediffusionofSingle-FactorInterestRateModels.

4）Prefixesofdegreeorsize

Arch-supreme,most,withhumannouns

Archaeology

Thefollowingreportappearedinanarchaeologyjournal.

Co-jointly,onequalfooting,productivewithnounsandverbs

Coeducation

Doyouthinkcoeducationisagoodmodel?

Extra-very,productivewithadjectives

Extra-special

Actually,JanuaryandFebruarywillbeextra-special,too!

Hyper-extreme,productivewithadjectives,sometimeswithpejorative

Hyperactive

TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.

Micro-verysmall,theoppositeofmacro-formingmostlyscientificortechnicalterms

Microbiology

Oneofthemostimportantfunctionsofthediagnosticmicrobiologylaboratory

Mini-little,productivewithnouns

Ministate

Thatcountryisaministate.

Out-surpassing,withverbs,nouns,andadjectivestoformnewtransitiveverbs

Outmatch

Thehuge"flyingsaucer"formroofoutmatchabovethebeautifulplatformrunningsouthandnorth,fullofpowerandgrandeur,itappearsglowbehindtheshinningofthesun.

Over-excessive,addedtoadjectives,verbs,andnouns.

Overcharge

Theytriedtooverchargeme,butIdidn'tagree.

Sub-secondary,lessimportant,productiveinthissensewithnounstoformnewnouns

Subcontinent

Forexample,the"Asian"includesnativeoftheFarEast,SoutheastAsiaandtheIndiansubcontinent.

Super-mornthan,beyond,veryspecial.Productivewithadjectives,nounstiformwordsofthesameclasses

Superaqueous

Superaqueouslandscapeiswonderful.

Sur-overandabove,addedtonouns

Surmount

TheysurmountedMountMckinley.

Ultra-extreme,productivewithadjectives

Ultra-democracy

Ultra-realistic

Thisistherealityofanultra-realisticversionoftheclassiccasinogame.

Under-insufficient,beneath,productivewithverbsnounsandadjectives

Underworld

Theindicationisthatitisanunderworldkilling.

5）Prefixesoforientationandattitude

Anti-against,opposedto.Productivewithnounsandadjectives

Antifreeze

Howdoyoumakeantifreeze?

Contra-opposite,contrasting

Contraband

Thecustomsofficialsconfiscatedthecontraband.

Counter-against,inoppositeto.Productivewithnounsandverbs

Countermarch

Thisisnotcountermarchorbackslide.

Pro-for,onthesideof.Productivewithnounsandadjectivestoformadjectives

Proslavery

Itwasfoundedin854bytheNewEnglandEmigrantAidSocietyandwasthesceneofaproslaveryraid（85'）thatsparkedretaliatorykillingsbytheabolitionistJohnBrown.Population,'5,'08.

6）Locativeprefixes

Extra-outside.Withadjectives

Extrapolitical

Thematterisextrapolitical.

Fore-frontpartof.Withnouns,verbsandadjectives

Foreknow

Forwhomhedidforeknow,healsodidpredestinatetobeconformedtotheimageofhisSon,thathemightbethefirstbornamongmanybrethren.

Inter-between,among.Productivewithnounsandadjectivesandverbs

Intergroup

Analysisofvariancewasappliedintheintergroupanalysis.

Intra-within.Productivewithnounsandadjectivestoformadjectives

Intra-generation

Intra-regional

Theshareofintra-regionaltradehasincreased,buttheterminaldemandstillreliesonEuropeandUSA,esp.thelatter.

Super-above.Withnouns

Superhuman

ThismixtureofsuperhumanandhumantraitsseemstobeinherentinboththebatandtheAntichrist.

Tele-distant

Telephone

Hetelephonedtosayhecouldn'tattendthemeeting.

Trans-across,fromoneplacetoanother.Productivewith

adjectives,nounsandverbs

Transatlantic

InAugustofthisyear,policesaidtheyhadfoiledaplottoblowuptransatlanticairliners.

7）Prefixesoftimeandorder

Ex-former.Productivewithnouns.

Expresident

Heistheexpresident.

Fore-before.Withverbsandnouns

Forerun

Ithavenothestar'sbeauty,butcanforeruntheraysoflight.

Post-after.Productivewithverbsandadjectives

Postgraduate

Aftercollege,Maryhopestodopostgraduateworkinlawschool.

Pre-before,inadvance.Productivewithnouns,adjectivesandverbs

Premature

Youdonotfeelthattheprematuredisplayofyourgameissomerisk?

Re-again,back.Productivewithverbsandnouns

Remarry

Butwhenshegrewup,motherdecidedtoremarry.

8）Numberprefixes

Bi-two

Biannual

AndinSouthAfrica,115localvolunteersattendtherecent14thbiannualTzuChivolunteerseminar.

Multi-poly-many

Miltimedia

Wealwaysusemultimediainourclass.

Semi-demi-hemi-half

Semi-skilled

Theindustrycontinuestouselessunskilledandsemi-skilledlabor.

Demigod

NightelvesclaimthatcentaurarethebastardchildrenofthedemigodCenarius.

Hemisphere

AllovertheNorthernHemisphereoneverycontinentthespringmigrationhasbegun

Tricolor

Tricolorcanformalltypesofcolorbycombination

Uni-mono-one

Uniform

Soldierswearmuftionleave,notuniform

9）Conversionprefixes

a-addedverbstoproducepredicativeadjectives

Asleep

Onhisreturnhefoundherasleep.

be-withnounstoformtransitiveverbs

Belittle

Don'tbelittleherpianoplayingjustbecauseyou'rejealous.

en-（em-）chieflywithnounsoradjectivestocreatetransitiveverbs

Endanger

Itwasfoolishtoendangeryourlifeinthatway.

10）Miscellaneousprefixes

Auto-self.Withnounsandadjectives

Autocriticism

Thisstoryhadbeenshowedbefore.someonewouldlikeblamewithothersbeforeautocriticism.

Neo-new,revived.productivewithnounsandadjectives

Neo-liberal

Clearly,theNewLefthasentrenchedclassdivisionevenmorefirmlythantheneo-liberalRight.

Pan-all,thewholeof.productivewithadjectives

Pan-European

Rightnoweveryoneseestheneedforalarge,pan-Europeanfiscalstimulus.

Proto-first,original.Withnouns

Proto-oncogene.

ItisasequenceofDNAthathasbeenalteredormutatedfromitsoriginalform,theproto-oncogene.

Vice-deputy.Freelywithnouns

Vice-president

UndertheoriginalConstitutiontheelectorsdidnotvoteseparatelyforPresidentandVice-President.