届高三英语一模汇编.docx

届高三英语一模汇编.docx

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届高三英语一模汇编

2018届高三英语一模汇编----阅读理解C

【黄浦区】

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（C）

①Australianshavelongbeenknownforhavingarelaxedandcasualattitudetolife.AccordingtoDrTanyaKing,seniorlecturerfromVictoria’sDeakinUniversity,“It’sAustralians’egalitarianism,senseofhumorandinformallanguagethataremostcommonlymentionedasexamplesofthisattitude”.

②Egalitarianismrootsinthewaythatthenationwasbuilt.InAustralia’sfoundingerainthelate1700s,criminalsettlerswereoftencruellytreatedandrobbedoftheirbasichumanrightsbygovernors.Thecriminalclass,whoweremostlyworking-classBritsandIrish,wasunabletoseekcivicpositionsthatwerereservedforimmigrantswhowerenotthecriminal,withthelatterarguingthatifcriminalsgainedequalrightsitwouldbe‘rewardingcriminality’.Becauseofthis,anegalitarianspiritwaswornasasymbolofhonorbymanycriminalsettlers.Theymaynothavehadpower,educationorwealth,buttheyhadasharedbeliefinequality.

③TheinformalwayAustraliansuselanguageisalsobelievedtorootincriminaltimes.PhilologistSidneyBakeroncewrotethat‘nootherclasswouldhaveabettertalentforcreatingnewtermstofitinwiththeirnewconditionsinlife’.CockneyrhymingslangbroughtoverbytheBritishworkingclasswasabbreviatedevenfurther–so‘haveaCaptainsCook’（havealook）,became‘avacaptains’.Thissamepracticewasusedtoeconomizeordinaryclauses.Wordslike‘goodday’became‘g’day’,andbarbecuewas‘barbie’.

④ThetoughconditionsofsettlertimesalsoplayedapartinAustralians’dry,self-criticizingandsarcastic（讽刺的）senseofhumor.Whileinmanycountriesit’sconsideredpoortastetofindhumorindifficultcircumstances,Australianstendtolookatthelighterside.Ononeroadtrip,asIhitthestatelineandenteredVictoria,Idrovepastsomeblackenedtrees,theleftoversofarecentbushfire.Aroadsignwarningdriversaboutwildlifewashalf-meltedandbent,buttheshapeofahoppingkangaroowasstilldistinct.Behindthefigure,someonehaddrawnflamesmakingitlookasthoughtheanimal’stailwasonfire.Icouldn’thelpbutlaugh–itwasabrilliantreminderofthecountry’s‘nothingupsetsus’andanti-authoritarianattitude.

⑤Andonethingyoucan’thelpbutnoticewhendrivingaroundAustraliaisthecountry’splentifulamountsofspace.This,alongwithconsiderableleisuretimeplusfavorableclimate,allcontributetoAustralians’relaxedattitude.

63.Theunderlinedword“egalitarianism”isclosestto__________inmeaning.

A.criminalityC.equality

64.WhichofthefollowingisafeatureofthewayAustraliansuselanguage

A.Theyusemoreslangsthanotherpeople.

B.Theygivenewmeaningstoexistentwords.

C.Theyfavourshortenedformsofexpressions.

D.Theycointermsinmemoryofcriminaltimes.

65.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4

A.Kangaroos’livingconditionsaregettingtougher.

B.ForestfiresthreatenAustralians’lifetoagreatextent.

C.PotentialdangerishereandthereontheroadsinVictoria.

D.Australians’jokesmaynotbeascarelessastheyseemonthesurface.

66.Thepassagemainlytalksabout__________.

A.howthelate1700simpactedAustralia

B.whyAustraliansenjoycasuallifesomuch

C.whatcontributestoAustralians’relaxedlifestyle

D.howAustralianspresenttheirattitudetowardslife

答案;63-66CCDD

【虹口区】

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（C）

Crudeawakening

Abattlebetweentwoenergyexchanges

[1]OPEN-OUTCRYtradingissupposedtobeanodd,outdatedpractice,rapidlybeingreplacedbysleeker,cheaperelectronicsystems.TrytellingthattotheNewYorkMercantileExchange（NYMEX）,theworld’slargestcommoditiesexchange.OnNovember1sttheNYMEXopenedanopen-outcrypit（公开叫价交易厅）inDublintohandleBrentcrudefutures（布伦特原油期货）,thebenchmark（基准）contractforpricingtwo-thirdsoftheworld’soil.

[2]TheNYMEXistryingtograbliquidityfromLondon’sInternationalPetroleumExchange（IPE）,whichtradesthemostBrentcontracts;theNewYorkexchangehassofarconcentratedonWestTexasIntermediate,anAmericanbenchmarkgrade.ThenewpitisaresponsetotheIPE’seffortstomodernise.OnthesamedayasNYMEXtradersstartedshoutingBrentpricesinDublin,theIPEdidawaywithitsmorningopen-outcrysession:

nowsuchtradesmustbeelectronic,ordoneinthepitafterlunch.

[3]TheNewYorkexchangeclaimsthatcustomers,suchashedgefunds（对冲基金）orenergycompanies,preferopen-outcrybecauseitallowsformoreliquidity.Althoughmostotherexchangesareheadingintheoppositedirection,incommoditymarketssuchastheNYMEX,pressurefrom“locals”--self-employedtraders—ishelpingtosupportopen-outcry,althoughsomethinkthatcustomerspayuptofivetimesasmuchaswithelectronicsystems.EventheIPEhasnoplanstocloseitsfloor.Onlylastmonthitsignedarentalagreement,lastinguntil2017,foritstradingfloorinLondon.

[4]Dublin’snewpitis“showingpromise”,saysRobLaughlin,atraderwithManFinancial,despiteafewtechnicalglitches.Onitsfirstdayithandled5,726lotsofBrent（eachlot,orcontract,is1,000barrels）,overathirdofthevolumeintheIPE’snewmorningelectronicsession.Bytheyear’send,predictsMrLaughlin,itshouldbeclearwhethertheventurewillbefeasible.ItwouldstandabetterchanceifitmovedtoLondon.Itmayyet:

itstartedinIrelandbecauseregulatoryapprovalcouldbeobtainedfastertherethaninBritain.

[5]Inthelongrunhavingbothexchangesofferingsimilarcontractswillbeunsustainable（不可持续的）.Stealingliquidityfromanestablishedmarketleader,astheNYMEXistryingtodo,isahardtask.Eurex,Europe’slargestfuturesexchange,setupshopinChicagothisyear,intendingtograbAmericanTreasury-bondcontractsfromtheChicagoBoardofTrade.Ithasmadelittleprogress.AndtheNYMEXhastriedtogetBrentcontractsbefore,withoutsuccess.

[6]Giventheimportanceofliquidityinexchanges,whydotheIPEandtheNYMEXnotworktogetherTherehavebeentalksaboutcooperationbefore,andsomethingmightyethappen.SomesaythatthefreewheelingNYMEXandthemoreseriousIPEcouldnevermix.Fornow,inanycase,thetwoexchangeswillcompeteuntilonehaswon--acrosstheIrishSeaaswellasacrosstheAtlantic.

63.Accordingtothetext,theNYMEXandIPEare__________.

A.bothusingopenoutcrytradingasamajortradingform

B.partnersthatbenefiteachotherintheirbusinessactivities

C.rivalsthatarecompetingintheoiltradingmarket

D.bothtakingeffortstomodernizetheirtradingpractice

64.Theword“glitches”inLine2,Paragraph4mostprobablymeans__________.

A.backwardnessC.engineers

65.FromParagraph4wecaninferthat__________.

A.tradingvolumeintheIPE’snewmorningelectronicsessionisfalling

B.LondonisabetterbusinesslocationforenergyexchangesthanDublin

C.Britain’sregulatorsarelessefficientthanthoseofIreland

D.theDublinpitoftheNYMEXwillbemoreprosperousnextyear

66.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat__________.

A.it’sveryunlikelythattheNYMEXandtheIPEcouldcombinetheirbusinesses

B.theNYMEXwillfailinIrelandasmanyprecedentshaveshown

C.thetwoenergyexchangeswillfigureoutawaytocooperatewitheachother

D.themarketenvironmentforbothenergyexchangesisgettingbetter

答案：

63-66:

CDBA

【浦东新区】

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.EachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

C）

Dentalhealth:

Brushwithconfidence

Childrenshouldbetaughttobrushtheirteethregularly.ButthesuspicionremainsamongsomePeople,dentistsincluded,thatevenso,certainchildrenaredoomedtodevelopdentalcavities.Thehypothesisbehindthisfearisthatsomecombinationsofgenesmaygiverisetothesortsoforalbacteriawhichareresponsibleforcavities.Iftrue,thatwouldbesadfortheyoungstersconcerned.ButastudyjustpublishedinCellHostandMicrobe,byAndresGomezandKarenNelsonoftheJ.CraigVenterInstitute,inSanDiego,suggestsitisn’ttrue.

Themouthishometomanyspeciesofmicrobes.Mostaregood.Some,though,arewellknowntosecreteacidicwasteproductswhenfedsugar.Thisacidityweakensteeth,causingthemtodecay.Totrytofindoutwhetherachild’sgenesplayanyroleinencouragingsuchacid-secretingbugs,Dr.GomezandDrNelsonsetupanexperimentwithtwins.

Their“volunteers”were280pairsoffraternaltwinsand205pairsofidenticaltwins,allagedbetweenfiveand11,whohadnottakenantibioticsduringtheprevioussixmonths.Thechildrenwereaskedtostopbrushingtheirteeththeeveningandthemorningbeforethecrucialmomentofdatacollection.Thiswaswhentheresearchersswabbedthechildren’sgingivalsulci（thecleftsbetweenteethandgums,inwhichbacteriacollect）tofindoutwhatwasthere.Thechildrenalsohadtheirteethscoredbydentistsasbelongingtooneofthreecategories:

havingnosignsofcurrentorpreviousdentalcavities:

havingsignsofcu