广东省届高三英语二轮专题精品卷阅读理解9.docx
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广东省届高三英语二轮专题精品卷阅读理解9
广东省2014届高三英语二轮专题精品卷:
阅读理解(9)
II阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A)
Somescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceansareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.
Thenoisethataffectsseacreaturescomesfromanumberofhumanactivities.Itiscausedmainlybyindustrialunderwaterexplosions,oceandrilling,andshipengines.Suchnoisesareaddedtonaturalsounds.Thesesoundsincludethebreakingoficefields,underwaterearthquakes,andsoundsmadebyanimalsthemselves.
Decibels(分贝)measuredinwateraredifferentfromthosemeasuredonland.Anoiseofonehundredandtwentydecibelsonlandcausespaintohumanears.Inwater,adecibellevelofonehundredandninety-fivewouldhavethesameeffect.
Somescientistshavesuggestedsettinganoiselimitofonehundredandtwentydecibelsintheoceans.Theyhaveobservedthatnoisesatthatlevelcanfrightenandconfusewhales(鲸鱼).
AteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsdiscoveredthatloudernoisescanseriouslyinjuresomeanimals.
Theresearchteamfoundthatpowerfulunderwaterexplosionswerecausingwhalesintheareatolosetheirhearing.Thisseriouslyaffectedthewhales'abilitytoexchangeinformationandfindtheirway.Someofthewhalesevendied.Theexplosionshadcausedtheirearstobleedandbecomeinfected(被感染的).
Manyresearcherswhoseworkdependsonoceansoundsareagainstalimitofonehundredandtwentydecibels.Theysaysuchalimitwouldmeananendtoimportantindustrialandscientificresearch.
Scientistsdonotknowhowmuchandwhatkindsofnoisesareharmfultooceananimals.However,manyscientistsdon’tthinkthatnoiseisagreaterdangerthantheybelieved.Theywanttopreventnoisesfromharmingcreaturesintheocean.
【文章大意】本文叙述了研究表明噪音污染引起了海洋生物的危险,科学家将来要采取措施拯救海洋生物,阻止噪音对海洋生物的伤害,提醒我们也要意识到保护海洋生物的重要性。
26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisincreasinglydangeroustoseacreatures?
A.Thesoundofcars.
B.Thesoundofvoices.
C.Man-madenoisepollution.
D.Thesoundofsteps.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。
由第一段Somescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceansareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.可知噪音污染引起了海洋生物的危险,故选C。
27.Accordingtothepassage,naturalsoundsincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT________.
A.soundsmadebyanimalsthemselvesB.oceandrilling
C.underwaterearthquakesD.thebreakingoficefields
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
由第二段Thesesoundsincludethebreakingoficefields,underwaterearthquakes,andsoundsmadebyanimalsthemselves.可知oceandrilling不是自然的声音,故选B。
28.Whichofthefollowingisdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?
A.Thesamenoiselevelproducesadifferenteffectonlandandintheocean.
B.Differentplacesmayhavedifferenttypesofnoises.
C.Thedecibelisnotarightunit(单位)formeasuringunderwaternoise.
D.Differentoceananimalsmayhavedifferentreactionstonoises.
【答案】A
【解析】段落大意题,根据Decibels(分贝)measuredinwateraredifferentfromthosemeasuredonland.这是中心句可知同一种噪音在陆地和水面产生的效果是不一样,故选A。
29.Whichofthefollowingistrueofwhales?
A.Theywon'tbeconfusedbynoises.
B.Theyaredeaftonoises.
C.Theirabilitytoreproducewillbeloweredbyhigh-levelnoises.
D.Theirhearingwillbedamagedbyhigh-levelnoises.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。
根据第六段Theresearchteamfoundthatpowerfulunderwaterexplosionswerecausingwhalesintheareatolosetheirhearing.可知水下巨大的爆炸声会使鲸失去听力,故选D。
30.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillscientistsmostprobablydointhefuture?
A.Theywillworkhardtoreduceoceannoisepollution.
B.Theywillprotectanimalsfromharmfulnoises.
C.Theywilltrytosetalimitof120decibels.
D.Theywillstudytheeffectofoceannoisepollution.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。
由文章的最后一句话Theywanttopreventnoisesfromharmingcreaturesintheocean.可知科学家将来要采取措施阻止噪音对海洋生物的伤害,故选B。
(B)
TheUSAisalandofimmigrants.Between1815and1914,theworldwitnessedthegreatestpeacefulmigrationinitshistory:
35millionpeople,mostlyEuropeans,lefttheirhomelandstostartnewlivesinAmerica.Whydidthesepeopleriskeverythingbyleavingtheirhomesandfamilies?
First,whatforcedemigrantstomakethedecisiontoleave?
OnemajorcauseforEuropeanfarmerstoleavewastheriseinpopulationwhichinturnledtolandhunger.Anotherwaspolitics.Therewasanincreasedtaxation(税收)andthegrowthofarmies,andmanyyoungmenfledeasternEuropetoavoidbeingforcedtojointhearmy.
Physicalhungerprovidedanotherpressingreason.Followingthecollapse(衰退)oftheeconomyofsouthernItalyinthe1860s,hundredsofthousandsdecidedtostartanewlifeinAmerica.ReligionalsoencouragedmillionstoleavetheOldWorld.
Inshort,peoplechosetoleavetheirhomesforsocial,economicandreligiousreasons.Asaresult,by1890amongatotalpopulationof63million,thereweremorethanninemillionforeign-bornAmericans.
Butwhatweretheattractions?
Firstofall,therewasthepromiseoflandwhichwassoscarceinEurope.Next,factorieswerecallingforworkers,andpayconditionsweremuchbetterthanbackhome.MenwereneededtoopenuptheWestandbuildthelongrailroads,andnewtownsneededsettlerstoliveinandtodevelopbusiness.Therewasthespaceforreligiouspeopletopracticetheirfaithinpeace.
Thisimmigrationmeantthatbyaroundthe1850sAmericansofnon-EnglishhadstartedtobemorethanthoseofEnglish.Asweknow,therewerelosers.Tostartwith,therewerethoseunwillingimmigrants,theslaveswhohadbeenusedasasourceofcheaplabour.NorshouldweforgettheequallyunluckyAmericanIndians.By1860therewere27millionfreewhites,fourmillionslavesandamere488,000freeblacks.
Nowadays,theUSAisstillseenbymillionsasthePromisedLand.Asalways,itremainsanattractiveplacetothosewhothinkitwillofferthemasecondchance.
【文章大意】本文叙述了在1815和1914之间,美国成了移民最好的去处,由于政治,经济、宗教信仰等的原因,欧洲的一些人开始向美国迁移,因为在这里人们有更多的就业机会、有商机有宗教自由,现在美国仍然是许多人的想去的乐土。
31.Whatisnotthecauseforpeopletoleavetheirhomeland?
A.Thesearchforreligiousfreedom.
B.Thesearchforadventure.
C.Unwillingnesstojointhearmy.
D.Economics.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
根据manyyoungmenfledeasternEuropetoavoidbeingforcedtojointhearmy.Inshort,peoplechosetoleavetheirhomesforsocial,economicandreligiousreasons.他们由于社会经济,宗教自由,不愿入伍等原因离开了自己的家乡,不是为了冒险,故选B。
32.Whywaslifeofthe19thCenturyEuropeanfarmersdifficult?
A.Therewasnoland.
B.Therewasnopeace.
C.Thepopulationhadgonedown.
D.Thereweretoomanyofthem.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。
根据OnemajorcauseforEuropeanfarmerstoleavewastheriseinpopulationwhichinturnledtolandhunger.农民人数的增加,而相对土地的平均少了,故选D。
33.WhichofthefollowingwasnotanattractionoftheUSA?
A.EmploymentB.Ahealthylife
C.freedomofreligionD.Businessopportunities
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
根据Firstofall,therewasthepromiseoflandwhichwassoscarceinEurope.Next,factorieswerecallingforworkers,andpayconditionsweremuchbetterthanbackhome.MenwereneededtoopenuptheWestandbuildthelongrailroads,andnewtownsneededsettlerstoliveinandtodevelopbusiness.Therewasthespaceforreligiouspeopletopracticetheirfaithinpeace.在美国有就业机会,有商机还有宗教自由吸引了外国的移民,没有提到健康的生活,故选B。
34.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?
A.TheUSAisstillseenbymillionsasthePromisedLand.
B.TheUSAisalandofimmigrants.
C.ReligionencouragedmillionstoleavetheOldWorld.
D.Aboutone-eighthofnon-nativebornAmericansliveintheUSAin1890.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。
根据TheUSAisalandofimmigrants.文章开始点题,短文主要论述了美国为什么会成为外国移民的主要去向,故选B。
35.TheAmericanIndians__________.
A.wereasfortunateastheslaves
B.weremoreunfortunatethantheslaves
C.werethemostunfortunate
D.wereasunfortunateastheslaves
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。
根据NorshouldweforgettheequallyunluckyAmericanIndians.美洲的印第安人与奴隶一样地不幸,故选D。
(C)
AsaboygrowingupinIndia,Ihadlongedtotravelabroad.IusedtolistentothestoriesmyfatherwouldtellmeabouthisstayinCanadaandtourstoEuropeinthe1970s,withgreatinterest.
Mybigmomentfinallycameinthesummerof1998whenIwasabletoaccompanymyparentstoEurope,wheremyfatherwastoattendameeting.WeplannedtotraveltoBelgium,NetherlandsandWestGermany.
IhaveclearmemorieseventodayofgoingtoMumbaiairportatnightallexcitedaboutfinallygoingabroad.IhadheardseveralgreatthingsaboutLufthansatillthenbutnowIfinallygottoexperiencethemfirsthand,duringtheflighttoFrankfurt.WeflewbusinessclassandeventodayIcanremembertheexcellentservicebytheLufthansacrew(工作人员).Theflightwasreallysmoothandthoroughlyenjoyable,evenforsomeonelikeme,whoisespeciallyafraidofflying.
AfterspendingalmosttwoweeksinEurope,wetooktheLufthansaairportexpressfromDusseldorftoFrankfurtairport,forourreturnflight.Whatajourneythatwas!
AllalongtheRhine(莱茵河),itwassimplyanunforgettableexperience.IhadasombrefeelingontheflightbacktoMumbaiasitmarkedtheendofawonderfulvacation,buttheLufthansacrewmemberswereabletochangeitintoamostenjoyableexperienceyetagain,withthequalityoftheirservice.
Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeabroad,Lufthansawillalwaysholdaspecialplaceinmyheart.Eventoday,IcontinuetoenjoyflightsonLufthansaandsimplycannotdreamofchoosinganyotherairline.Flying,ingeneral,forme,hasalwaysbeenaterribleandpainfulexperience.FlyingonLufthansa,however,issomethingIalwayshaveandalwayswilllookforwardto.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
作者的父亲父亲经常讲其在加拿大居住和欧洲旅行的经历,这激发了作者希望走出国门看看的强烈欲望。
本篇短文给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。
36.Whichcountrydoe