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机械专业毕业设计英文文献翻译
英文原文
StudyofInherentSafetyMinehoistbasedonmoderndesignmethods
YangLijie1,MengXiangyun2,WangGuimei1,NiuQingna1
1HebeiUniversityofEngineering,Handan,Hebei,056038,China
2ChinaTelecomHandanCompany,Handan,Hebei,056038,China
Abstract—Asamodernsecuritydesign,InherentSafetymeansthatequipmentandfacilitiesisabletocontaintheinherentfundamentalfeaturestopreventaccidents.Minehoististhemostimportantequipmentinthecoalproduction.Howtoachievesafe,reliable,efficientproductionhasbeenthefocusstudyathomeandabroad.Inherentsafetyisreflectedinhoistdesign,primarilythroughthedesignmeasurestoimprovetheoperationofhoistsafetyandreliability.Inthispaper,InherentSafetytheoryisappliedinthedesignofminehoist,toproposedthedesignmethodbyusingthesoftwareofPRO/EPLC,Labviewetc..
Keywords-Minehoist;InherentSafety;PRO/E;PLC;Labview
I.INTRODUCTION
Incoalproduction,minehoististheequipmenttocarrycoal,gangue,materials,workersandequipmentsalongtherockshaft,theonlywaylinkedundergroundandaboveground,knownasminethroat.Minehoistisalarge-scalereciprocatingmachinerywhichhasthefeatureofownbiginertia,loadchanges,runningspeed,andwiderangeetal..Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofitsoperatingperformance,notonlydirectlyaffectthenormalproductionandcoalproductionefficiency,butalsorelatetoequipmentandpersonalsafety.Inrecentyears,minehoistfailuresandaccidentshavehappenedathomeandabroadwhichhavepaidaheavypricetocoalcompanies.Therefore,theproductiontechnologyandsafetyofminehoistarehigher,anditsmechanicalmanufacturingtechnologyandelectricalcontroltechnologyhasbeenanimportantresearchareatotheinternationalmachinebuildingindustryandtheelectriccontrolindustry.
InherentSafetymeansthatequipmentandfacilitiesisabletocontaintheinherentfundamentalfeaturestopreventaccidents.InherentSafetyliesindesign,throughcontinuousimprovement,topreventaccidentsduetotheequipmentitselffailures.Inherentsafetyisreflectedinhoistdesign,primarilythroughthedesignmeasurestoimprovetheoperationofhoistsafetyandreliability.Inthispaper,InherentSafetytheoryisappliedinthedesignofminehoist,toproposedtheinherentsafetydesignmethodbyusethesoftwareofPRO/EPLC,Labviewetc..
II.INHERENTSAFETYTHEORY
Thetermofinherentsafetyoriginatesthedevelopmentofworldspacetechnologyinthe1950s.Theconceptiswidelyacceptedcloselylinkedwithscientifictechnologicalprogressandhumanunderstandingofsafetyculture.TheconceptofinherentsafetyproducedaftertheWorldWarIIwhichbecamemajorsafetyconceptinmanyindustrializedcountriessincethemid20thcentury.
Inherentsafetydesignasthebasicmethodofhazardcontrol,byselectingsafematerials,processroutes,mechanicalequipment,devices,toeliminateorcontrolhazardssourceratherthanrelyingon"additional"securitymeasuresormanagementmeasurestocontrolthem.Asinherentsafetydesign,firstlyanalyzeandidentifyhazardsthatmayoccurinsystem,andthenchoosethebestmethodstoeliminate,controlhazards,whichreflectedinprojectdesign.
Ⅲ.THEDESIGNOFINHERENTSAFETYMINEHOIST
Minehoistmainlyincludstheworkingdevice,controlsystem,transmissionsystemanddrag,protectionsystemsandothercomponents.Totheinherentsafetyminehoistdesign,mainlythemechanicalsystem,controlsystemandmonitorsystemisthemajorparttoconsidered.
A.In-depthinvestigationstofindmalfunction
Theconceptofinherentsafetyisrequiredsafetyallthetimeintheproductdesignprocess.Thatis,theequipmenthaslittlemalfunctionasmuchaspossibleduringtheoperationandhaslongnormaloperationcyclelength.Howcandesigninherentsafetyequipment,themostimportantthingisunderstandingenoughtotheequipment,especiallyinwork.Afterin-depthresearch,fullyunderstandingthesituation,trythebesttoreduceoreliminatethefaultinthedesign.Afterin-depthunderstandingofresearch,designproduct.
B.MechanicalSystem
Thetraditionalmethodofproducthaslongdesigncycle,highcosts.However,thevirtualprototypetechnologyhastheadvantageinsavingthedesigncost,shorteningthedesigncircle,byusingthemethodofmodeling,simulationfirstandthenbuildsthephysicalprototype.Therefore,thevirtualdesignisthedevelopingtrendsofmechanicaldesign.Inmechanicalsystemdesign,theapplicationofvirtualprototypeisusedtodesignminehoist,notonlyspeededupthedesignprocess,alsosimulatedavarietyofconditionstothevirtualprototypetodiscoverdesignfaults,toimprovethedesign,toimproveminehoistperformance.
Minehoistmechanicalsystemiscomposedofspindle,roller,reducer,motor,brakesandothercomponents.Initsdesign,virtualdesignsoftwarePRO/Eisappliedtoestablishhoistprototype,applicationofsimulationsoftwareADAMSisusedtosimulateandoptimizethedesign.SpecificprocessshowninFigure1:
Figure1.Mechanicalsystemdesign
C.Controlsystemdesign
Minehoistcontrolsystemincludesstart,run,brake,etc.,therequirementsincontrolsystemare:
Innormalhoistoperation,participationinhoistspeedcontrol,brakethehoistwhenreachingthedestination,knownastheservicebraking;
Incaseofemergency,canquicklyslowdownasrequired,brakehoist,topreventtheexpansionoftheaccident,thatisthesafetybraking;Participateinthehoistspeedcontrolwhendecelerati;Todouble-rollerhoist,shouldbrakethemovingrollerandfixrollerrespectivelywhenregulatingropelength,replacementlevelandchangingrope,sothat,movingrollerwouldnotmovewhenspindlerotateswiththefixedroller.
MostofminehoistsinChina(morethan70%)usethetraditionalelectriccontrolsystem(tkd-aastherepresentative).Tkdcontrolsystemiscomposedofrelaylogiccircuits,largeaircontactors,tachometergeneratoretc.,whichisatouchcontrolsystem.Afteryearsofdevelopment,tkd-aseriesofelectriccontrolsystemhasformeditsowncharacteristics,butitsshortcomingsareobvious.Itselectricalcircuitistoocomplicated,multi-line,causinghoistparkingandaccidentsoccurredduetoelectricalfault.Withthecomputeranddigitaltechnology,toformadigitalhoistcontrolsystemofPLChasbecomepossible.PLCcontrolsystemhashighcontrolprecision,parameterstability,simplehardwarestructure,self-diagnosticcapabilityandcommunicationnetworkingfunction.
MinehoistcontrolsystembasedonPLCtechnologystructureshowninFigure2,mainlyincludingthefollowingcomponents:
themainplccontrolcircuits,hoistroutedetectionanddisplaycircuits,speeddetection,andsignalcircuits.ThePLCofthemaincontrolcircuitsusesMitsubishiFX2NseriesinJapanwhichmoredomesticapplications.
Figure2PLCelectriccontrolsystem
D.Monitoringsystemdesign
Toensuresafeoperationofthehoist,exceptforselectingthereasonableoperationdesignparameters,theuseofadvancedcontrolsystem,shouldalsomonitorthetechnologicalparametersonregular,conscientiouslydoperformancetestworktomasterthehoistperformance,discoverthedefectsintime,eliminatehiddendanger,avoidunnecessarylosses.Inaddition,thehoistoperationstatecanbeimprovedtoworkinthebestconditionsbasedontestdata.Therefore,thehoistcouldworksafely,reliably,havehighefficiency,andextenditsworklife.
Virtualinstrumenttechnologyiscomputer-basedinstrumentationandmeasurementtechnology,isloadedsomesoftwareandhardwareonthecomputerwithsimilarappearanceandperformanceoftheactualindependentinstrument.Theuseroperatingthecomputer,likemanipulatingaespeciallyconventionalelectronicdevicesdesignedtheirs.Theessenceofvirtualinstrumenttechnologyisthathardwaresoftwarizedtechnology,takefulladvantageofthelatestcomputertechnologytoimplementandexpandthefunctionsoftraditionalinstruments.
LabVIEW(laboratoryvirtualinstrumentengineeringworkbench)isagraphicalprogramminganddevelopmentenvironment,alsoknownas"G"language.Itiswidelyusedbyindustry,academiaandresearchlaboratories,acceptedasthestandarddataacquisitionandinstrumentcontrolsoftware.LabVIEWnotonlyprovidesandcomplieswithallthefunctionsofhardwareanddataacquisitioncardscommunicationsofGPIB,VXI,RS-232andRS-485protocol,andbuilt-inlibraryfunctionssupportforTCP/IP,ActiveXandothersoftwarestandards.Thesoftwareforscientistsandengineersisaprogramminglanguage,itprovidesasimple,intuitivegraphicalprogrammingmode,savesalotofdevelopmenttime,hascompletefunction,bestembodiedstyleofvirtualinstrument.
Inresponsetothesecircumstances,developedaminehoistIntegratePerformanceMonitoringSystembasedonvirtualinstrumentLabVIEW-based.ShowinFigure3.Withsignalconditioninganddataacquisitioncardtoreceivesignalsfromsensors,thensentthereceivedsignaltothevirtualinstrumentsoftwareplatform,enablesthefollowingfeatures:
(1)showspeed,acceleration,brakingtime,displacement,oilpressure,delaytimeandotherrelevantparametersindigital,anddisplayspeed,acceleration,traction,displacementandhydrauliccurves.
(2)Dynamicallymonitorthehydraulicoilpressureandoilpumprunningstation,basedontheseparameterstoavoidimportantbrakingsystemfailure.
(3)Testbrakeairtraveltime,relaydelaytimeandothertimeparameters.
(4)inquirytothemeasuredcurveandhoistparameters;printatestreport.
Figure3.Diagramoftestsystem
Themonitoringsystemhascharacteristicssuchascompact,lightweight,highprecision,testingconvenientandflexible,feature-richsoftwareetc..thesystemcannotonlydisplayautomaticallytestresults,b