高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx
《高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-2/2/0673c4b3-0d78-4c98-a1aa-cb916771b878/0673c4b3-0d78-4c98-a1aa-cb916771b8781.gif)
高考阅读分类专练及详解新课标人教版
高考阅读分类专练及详解
科技环保类文章在高考英语试题中出现的频率最高,几乎每年都有一片,如NMET2020
(1)D篇,NMET2020E篇,NMET2002A篇,NMET2001C篇等。
此类文章一般为说明文,但也常常夹杂着叙述和议论,并经常出现一些较新的科技名词或术语。
考生若经常阅读英语报刊,具备丰富的课外知识,并积累一定的时新词汇,对解读此类文章会大有帮助。
A
难度:
难字数:
258words标准用时:
6minutes实际用时:
_________
(NMET2020山东E篇)
AdevicethatstopsdrivesfromfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.
Thesystem,calledDriverAlert,aimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%—40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatigue.
DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristband.Thedevice,wornbydrivesorpilots,givesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel(方向盘).Asensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundandthedriver'sresponse.
Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver'sresponsetime.Usually,awatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespond,butoncethatfallstomorethan500milliseconds,itsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.
Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersounds,showingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver'sresponsecontinuestoslowdown,thesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossible.
Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment'slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetests,scheduledforsixmonths'time,aresuccessful,themakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.
1.Accordingtothetext,DriverAlert______.
A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.aimstopreventdriversfromsleeping
C.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesD.hasbeenonsalefor12months
2.HowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?
A.Bysoundingawarning.B.Bycheckingthedrivingtime.
C.Bytouchingthewristhand.D.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.
3.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis_____.
A.about400millisecondsB.over500milliseconds
C.below500millisecondsD.about4minutes
4.Whenthedrivergetssleepywhiledriving,DriverAlert______.
A.movesmoreregularlyB.opensthewindowforthedriver
C.stopsworkingproperlyD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly
B
难度:
易字数:
266words标准用时:
4minutes实际用时:
_________
Alzheimer'sdiseaseisamajornationalhealthproblem.Nearly2millionAmericansovertheageof65haveAlzheimer'sdisease.Itisaleadingcauseofdeathamongtheelderly.ButAlzheimer'sdiseaseisnotconfined(限于)totheaged.Theremaybeamillionormorepeopleundertheageof65sufferingfromthedisease.
Atonetime,peoplesufferingfromthediseaseweresaidtobe"gettingold".Thediseasewasthoughttobeanaturalpartofgrowingold,butitisnowknownthatAlzheimer'sdiseasestrikesyoungandoldalike.Itisanorganic(器官的)diseasethatdestroysbraincells.
Alzheimer'sdiseaseaffectsthepatient'smemory,speech,andmovement.Inthebeginningstagesofthedisease,thepatientmayseemslightlyconfused.Hemayhavetroublespeaking.Thenthepatient'smemorybeginstofail.Hemayforgetdates,telephonenumbers,namesandplans.
Asthediseaseprogresses,thepatientmaynotrecognizefamilyandfriends.Thesesymptoms(症状)oftencauseterribleanxietyinthepatient.Hemayfeellostandfrightened.Sometimesthepatientreactswithwildandbadbehavior.
Inthelaststagesofthedisease,thepatientmaynotbeabletotakecareofhimself.Hemayhavelosttheabilitytospeakandwalk.
Scientistsdon'tknowexactlywhatcausesAlzheimer'sdisease.Itmaybecausedbyavirus(病毒).Itmaybecausedbyapoisonoussubstance(物质)intheenvironment.Atpresent,thereisnocureforthedisease.Buttherearewaystoslowitsprogress.Exerciseandphysicaltreatmentcanhelpthepatientsofthisdisease.
5.ThemainideaofthepassageisthatAlzheimer'sdisease_______.
A.isaterriblepartoftheagingprocessB.isanorganicdiseasethataffectsyoungandold
C.canbecuredbyphysicaltreatmentD.causesforgetfulness
6.AllofthefollowingaresymptomsofAlzheimer'sdiseaseEXCEPT_______.
A.forgetfulnessB.difficultyinspeakingC.lossofsightD.lossoftheabilitytowalk
7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmaybeacauseofAlzheimer'sdisease?
A.Poisonsproducedbythebrain.B.Gettingold.C.Avirus.D.Lackofexercise.
8.TheprogressofAlzheimer'sdiseasecanbeslowedby______.
A.operationB.achangeinenvironmentC.medicinesD.physicaltreatmentandexercise
C
难度:
中字数:
303words标准用时:
5minutes实际用时:
_________
WhenIopenedmye-mailtheotherday,aprettywomannamedRachelappearedonmycomputerscreen.Shegreetedmebynameandstartedtalkingwithgreatenthusiasm.Everynowandthenshestoppedtosmileatmeorblowakiss.Shewasreadingtomeane-mailfrommybrother,andalotofitwasabouthisgettingthephonecompanytogivehimahigh-speedInternetconnection.Itwasprettycool.
RachelwastherethankstoanewtechnologycalledFacemail.Facemailletsyousende-mailthatgetsreadytothereceiverbyanattractivemaleorfemaleformorbyaclown(小丑).Thesoftware,whichisfree,canbedownloadedatwww.F.
Facemailfacesarelifelike,andtheysimulate(模拟)emotionsbasedonemotionsthatyouputinyourtext.Forexample,typein-X,andRachelblowsakiss.
LifeFX,thecompanythatdevelopstheFacemail,issuretherearebroadbusinessuses.Thereasone-businessisnotpopular,thecompanysays,isthatbuyingovertheInternetlacksthehumantouch.ButwhatifyouwenttotheNikewebsiteandMichaelJordangreetedyoubyname,waitedonyouandpersonallyclosedthesale?
AnditistalkingwithWhirl(惠而浦公司)aboutusingthetechnologyinacomputerscreenonafridge.ThenifMorncan'tbehomewhenthekidsgetbackfromschool,shecanleaveanotewithvoiceandimagetellingthemwhatthereistoeat.
Facemailcouldgethotfast.Personally,I'mafan.ButFacemailshouldbeusedwithcare.Theclownlookslivelyandfunnyatfirst.Butifyouselecttheclown,putafewrudewordsinane-mailandaddsomeangryemotions,you'vegotaPsycho-mail(疯人型电子邮件).
9.Theprettywomanthatappearsonthewriter'scomputerscreenwas______.
A.awomanworkingontheInternetB.hisbrother'sgirlfriend
CnotarealpersonD.thepictureofhispen-friend
10.ThemainadvantageofFacemailisthat______.
A.youcanhireabeautifulwomantoreadthee-mailtoyou
B.youcanseethepersonwhosendsyouthee-mail
C.yoncansendane-mailfreeofcharge
D.e-mailcanbeattractiveinamorelovelyway
11.ThewritermentionedNikewebsiteandMichaelJordantoshowthat_______.
A.FamouspeoplelikeMichaelJordanalsoliketouseFacemail
B.FacemailcanmakeshoppingontheInternetmoreinteresting
C.NikewebsitewillincreaseitssalesbyJordan
D.MichaelJordanwillserveyouhimselfonNikewebsite
12.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsFacemail?
A.Hethinksitneedsfurtherimprovement.B.Hethinksitcoolandfunny.
C.HethinksitadangertotheInternet.D.HethinkspeopleshouldbecarefulwithFacemail.
D
难度:
中字数:
302words标准用时:
5minutes实际用时:
_________
Sheep,liketurkeysandostriches,arenotconsideredthecleverestanimals.BritishscientistssaidlastWednesdayhumanmayhaveunderestimated(低估)thewoollycreatures.Theycouldbemuchsmarterthanwethink.
ResearchersattheBabrahamInstituteinCambridge,southern.England,haveshownthatanimalshaveagoodmemorysystemandareextremelygoodatrecognizingfaces--whichtheythinkisasuresignofintelligence.
BehavioralscientistKeithKendrickandhisfriendstrained20sheeptorecognizeanddistinguish(区别)25pairsofsheepfacesandusedelectrodes(电极)tomeasuretheirbrainactivity,whichshowedtheycouldremember50facesforuptotwoyears.
"Iftheycandothatwithfaces,thefactisthattheyhavetohavereasonableintelligence,otherwise,whatisthepointofhavingasystemforrememberinganythingelse,"Kendricksaidinaninterview.
Sohoursofseeminglymindlesseatinggrassmaynotbesomindlessafterall.
Kendrickbelievessheepgottheirreputationasdumbanimalsbecausetheyliveinlargegroupsanddonotappeartohavemuchindividualityandarefrightenedofjustabouteverything.
"Allanimals,includinghumans,oncetheyarefrighteneddon'ttendtoshowsignsofintelligentaction,"heexplained.
InresearchreportedinthesciencejournalNature,Kendrickandhisteamshowedthatsheep,likehumans,haveaspecializedsysteminthebrain,whichallowsthemtodistinguishbetweenmanydifferentfacesthatlookextremelysimilar.
"Themostimportantfindingsofthestudyisthattheyareable,bothfromabehavioralpointofviewandfromlookingatthewaythebrainisorganized,torememberalargenumberoffacesofindividualsforaverylongtime,"saidKendrick."Itisaverystrangesystem.Theyareshowingsimilarabilitiesinmanywaystohumans."
13.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanfindthat______.
A.peopleusedtothinksheeparesmarterthantheotheranimals
B.peopleusedtoraisesheepinawrongway
C.peopledon'tconsidersheepascleveranimals
D.peoplehavedonealotofresearchonsheep
14.FromwhatKendricksaidintheinterviewwelearnthat________.
A.scientistshavelearnedalotaboutsheep'sintelligence
B.scientistshavelearnedlittleaboutsheep'sintelligence
C.scientistscan'tdoanythingmoreaboutsheep'smemory
D.