高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx

高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx

《高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考阅读分类专练及详解 新课标 人教版.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高考阅读分类专练及详解新课标人教版

高考阅读分类专练及详解

科技环保类文章在高考英语试题中出现的频率最高，几乎每年都有一片，如NMET2020

（1）D篇，NMET2020E篇，NMET2002A篇，NMET2001C篇等。

此类文章一般为说明文，但也常常夹杂着叙述和议论，并经常出现一些较新的科技名词或术语。

考生若经常阅读英语报刊，具备丰富的课外知识，并积累一定的时新词汇，对解读此类文章会大有帮助。

A

难度：

难字数：

258words标准用时：

6minutes实际用时：

_________

（NMET2020山东E篇）

AdevicethatstopsdrivesfromfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.

Thesystem,calledDriverAlert,aimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%—40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatigue.

DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristband.Thedevice,wornbydrivesorpilots,givesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel（方向盘）.Asensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundandthedriver'sresponse.

Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver'sresponsetime.Usually,awatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespond,butoncethatfallstomorethan500milliseconds,itsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.

Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersounds,showingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver'sresponsecontinuestoslowdown,thesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossible.

Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment'slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetests,scheduledforsixmonths'time,aresuccessful,themakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.

1.Accordingtothetext,DriverAlert______.

A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.aimstopreventdriversfromsleeping

C.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesD.hasbeenonsalefor12months

2.HowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?

A.Bysoundingawarning.B.Bycheckingthedrivingtime.

C.Bytouchingthewristhand.D.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.

3.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis_____.

A.about400millisecondsB.over500milliseconds

C.below500millisecondsD.about4minutes

4.Whenthedrivergetssleepywhiledriving,DriverAlert______.

A.movesmoreregularlyB.opensthewindowforthedriver

C.stopsworkingproperlyD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly

B

难度：

易字数：

266words标准用时：

4minutes实际用时：

_________

Alzheimer'sdiseaseisamajornationalhealthproblem.Nearly2millionAmericansovertheageof65haveAlzheimer'sdisease.Itisaleadingcauseofdeathamongtheelderly.ButAlzheimer'sdiseaseisnotconfined（限于）totheaged.Theremaybeamillionormorepeopleundertheageof65sufferingfromthedisease.

Atonetime,peoplesufferingfromthediseaseweresaidtobe"gettingold".Thediseasewasthoughttobeanaturalpartofgrowingold,butitisnowknownthatAlzheimer'sdiseasestrikesyoungandoldalike.Itisanorganic（器官的）diseasethatdestroysbraincells.

Alzheimer'sdiseaseaffectsthepatient'smemory,speech,andmovement.Inthebeginningstagesofthedisease,thepatientmayseemslightlyconfused.Hemayhavetroublespeaking.Thenthepatient'smemorybeginstofail.Hemayforgetdates,telephonenumbers,namesandplans.

Asthediseaseprogresses,thepatientmaynotrecognizefamilyandfriends.Thesesymptoms（症状）oftencauseterribleanxietyinthepatient.Hemayfeellostandfrightened.Sometimesthepatientreactswithwildandbadbehavior.

Inthelaststagesofthedisease,thepatientmaynotbeabletotakecareofhimself.Hemayhavelosttheabilitytospeakandwalk.

Scientistsdon'tknowexactlywhatcausesAlzheimer'sdisease.Itmaybecausedbyavirus（病毒）.Itmaybecausedbyapoisonoussubstance（物质）intheenvironment.Atpresent,thereisnocureforthedisease.Buttherearewaystoslowitsprogress.Exerciseandphysicaltreatmentcanhelpthepatientsofthisdisease.

5.ThemainideaofthepassageisthatAlzheimer'sdisease_______.

A.isaterriblepartoftheagingprocessB.isanorganicdiseasethataffectsyoungandold

C.canbecuredbyphysicaltreatmentD.causesforgetfulness

6.AllofthefollowingaresymptomsofAlzheimer'sdiseaseEXCEPT_______.

A.forgetfulnessB.difficultyinspeakingC.lossofsightD.lossoftheabilitytowalk

7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmaybeacauseofAlzheimer'sdisease?

A.Poisonsproducedbythebrain.B.Gettingold.C.Avirus.D.Lackofexercise.

8.TheprogressofAlzheimer'sdiseasecanbeslowedby______.

A.operationB.achangeinenvironmentC.medicinesD.physicaltreatmentandexercise

C

难度：

中字数：

303words标准用时：

5minutes实际用时：

_________

WhenIopenedmye-mailtheotherday,aprettywomannamedRachelappearedonmycomputerscreen.Shegreetedmebynameandstartedtalkingwithgreatenthusiasm.Everynowandthenshestoppedtosmileatmeorblowakiss.Shewasreadingtomeane-mailfrommybrother,andalotofitwasabouthisgettingthephonecompanytogivehimahigh-speedInternetconnection.Itwasprettycool.

RachelwastherethankstoanewtechnologycalledFacemail.Facemailletsyousende-mailthatgetsreadytothereceiverbyanattractivemaleorfemaleformorbyaclown（小丑）.Thesoftware,whichisfree,canbedownloadedatwww.F.

Facemailfacesarelifelike,andtheysimulate（模拟）emotionsbasedonemotionsthatyouputinyourtext.Forexample,typein-X,andRachelblowsakiss.

LifeFX,thecompanythatdevelopstheFacemail,issuretherearebroadbusinessuses.Thereasone-businessisnotpopular,thecompanysays,isthatbuyingovertheInternetlacksthehumantouch.ButwhatifyouwenttotheNikewebsiteandMichaelJordangreetedyoubyname,waitedonyouandpersonallyclosedthesale?

AnditistalkingwithWhirl（惠而浦公司）aboutusingthetechnologyinacomputerscreenonafridge.ThenifMorncan'tbehomewhenthekidsgetbackfromschool,shecanleaveanotewithvoiceandimagetellingthemwhatthereistoeat.

Facemailcouldgethotfast.Personally,I'mafan.ButFacemailshouldbeusedwithcare.Theclownlookslivelyandfunnyatfirst.Butifyouselecttheclown,putafewrudewordsinane-mailandaddsomeangryemotions,you'vegotaPsycho-mail（疯人型电子邮件）.

9.Theprettywomanthatappearsonthewriter'scomputerscreenwas______.

A.awomanworkingontheInternetB.hisbrother'sgirlfriend

CnotarealpersonD.thepictureofhispen-friend

10.ThemainadvantageofFacemailisthat______.

A.youcanhireabeautifulwomantoreadthee-mailtoyou

B.youcanseethepersonwhosendsyouthee-mail

C.yoncansendane-mailfreeofcharge

D.e-mailcanbeattractiveinamorelovelyway

11.ThewritermentionedNikewebsiteandMichaelJordantoshowthat_______.

A.FamouspeoplelikeMichaelJordanalsoliketouseFacemail

B.FacemailcanmakeshoppingontheInternetmoreinteresting

C.NikewebsitewillincreaseitssalesbyJordan

D.MichaelJordanwillserveyouhimselfonNikewebsite

12.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsFacemail?

A.Hethinksitneedsfurtherimprovement.B.Hethinksitcoolandfunny.

C.HethinksitadangertotheInternet.D.HethinkspeopleshouldbecarefulwithFacemail.

D

难度：

中字数：

302words标准用时：

5minutes实际用时：

_________

Sheep,liketurkeysandostriches,arenotconsideredthecleverestanimals.BritishscientistssaidlastWednesdayhumanmayhaveunderestimated（低估）thewoollycreatures.Theycouldbemuchsmarterthanwethink.

ResearchersattheBabrahamInstituteinCambridge,southern.England,haveshownthatanimalshaveagoodmemorysystemandareextremelygoodatrecognizingfaces--whichtheythinkisasuresignofintelligence.

BehavioralscientistKeithKendrickandhisfriendstrained20sheeptorecognizeanddistinguish（区别）25pairsofsheepfacesandusedelectrodes（电极）tomeasuretheirbrainactivity,whichshowedtheycouldremember50facesforuptotwoyears.

"Iftheycandothatwithfaces,thefactisthattheyhavetohavereasonableintelligence,otherwise,whatisthepointofhavingasystemforrememberinganythingelse,"Kendricksaidinaninterview.

Sohoursofseeminglymindlesseatinggrassmaynotbesomindlessafterall.

Kendrickbelievessheepgottheirreputationasdumbanimalsbecausetheyliveinlargegroupsanddonotappeartohavemuchindividualityandarefrightenedofjustabouteverything.

"Allanimals,includinghumans,oncetheyarefrighteneddon'ttendtoshowsignsofintelligentaction,"heexplained.

InresearchreportedinthesciencejournalNature,Kendrickandhisteamshowedthatsheep,likehumans,haveaspecializedsysteminthebrain,whichallowsthemtodistinguishbetweenmanydifferentfacesthatlookextremelysimilar.

"Themostimportantfindingsofthestudyisthattheyareable,bothfromabehavioralpointofviewandfromlookingatthewaythebrainisorganized,torememberalargenumberoffacesofindividualsforaverylongtime,"saidKendrick."Itisaverystrangesystem.Theyareshowingsimilarabilitiesinmanywaystohumans."

13.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanfindthat______.

A.peopleusedtothinksheeparesmarterthantheotheranimals

B.peopleusedtoraisesheepinawrongway

C.peopledon'tconsidersheepascleveranimals

D.peoplehavedonealotofresearchonsheep

14.FromwhatKendricksaidintheinterviewwelearnthat________.

A.scientistshavelearnedalotaboutsheep'sintelligence

B.scientistshavelearnedlittleaboutsheep'sintelligence

C.scientistscan'tdoanythingmoreaboutsheep'smemory

D.