新编剑桥商务英语高级第三版1213.docx

新编剑桥商务英语高级第三版1213.docx

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新编剑桥商务英语高级第三版1213

1.2

Askingandansweringquestion

Anenvironmentalaccident

TheDailyReporter

Tanker

Grounded

200tonnesofoilleakintosea

1.Followingthisnewsannouncementajournalistinterviewsaspokespersonfromthecompanythatownsthetanker.Listentotheinterview.

1Whatcausedtheaccident?

2Howmanyaccidentshastheshipbeeninvolvedin?

3Doesthespokespersoncomeoutofitwell?

2Completethequestionsthejournalistasks.

1howthishappened?

2thisisn'tthefirsttimethisparticularshiphasbeeninanaccident

3Andtodotolimitthedamage?

4thiskindofaccidentisacceptable?

5It'saPRdisasterforyourcompany,

Indirectquestions

3Lookatexercise2.Studythestructureoftheindirectquestionsinsentences1and4,andthetagquestionsinsentences2and5.

4Convertthefollowingquestionsintoindirectquestions.

0Howmanyyears'experiencedoyouhaveincustomerservice?

Canyoutellmehowmanyyears'experienceyouhaveincustomerService?

1Wherehaveyouworkedbefore?

I'dbeinterestedtoknow

2Areyouanambitiousperson?

Wouldyousay

3Haveyougoneasfarasyoucaninyourpresentjob?

Doyouthink?

4Whoareourmaincustomers?

Doyouknow?

5Convertthefollowingquestionsintotagquestions.

0Areyouinterestedinafull一timejob?

You'reinterestedinafull-timejob,arenotyou?

1Areyoumarried?

2Can'tyoustarttomorrow"?

3haveyouonlyworkedforsmallercompanies?

4Didyoumanagetofindourofficeseasily'?

5Isthisyourfirstrealjob?

6Wouldyoubeabletoworkpart-time?

Ajobinterview

6Howwouldyoufeelifyouwereaskedthesequestions?

Howwouldyoureply?

1Canyoutellmewhyyouthinkyou'llbegoodatthisjob?

2WhyshouldIemployyou?

3Youdon'thavemuchexperienceinthisfield,doyou?

4You'vetakenquitealotoftimeoutfromwork.Whyisthat?

5Youarequiteaquietly-spokenperson.Doyouhavetroubleassertingyourself?

GNow,yourlastjob.Didyouchoosetoleave?

7Andwhatdoyouknowaboutourcompany?

8Sotellmewhatyoudidyesterday.

7Workwithapartner.Eachchooseoneofthefollowingjobstobeinterviewedfor.Preparefivequestionseachandthenlakeitinturnstoadopttheroleofinterviewerandinterviewee.Trytoputyourinterviewee`onthespot:

firefighterrestaurantmanagerwebdesigner

fundraiserforlocalsportsclubtraineeinvestmentadvisor

1.3

ReadingTest:

Introductionand

PartOne

TheReadingTesthassixparts,inwhichthereareatotalof52questions,andLastsonehour.Itcarries25%ofthetotalmarks.Thetextsareallbusiness-relatedandvarybetween150and500wordsinlength.Eachparttestsaparticularreadingskillorunderstandingoflanguagestructure.

Intheexam,youhaveanhourtoreadover2,000words,sotrytodevelopyourreadingspeed.Theonlywaytodothisistopractise:

.ReadEnglishbusinesstexts,egTime,Newsweek.

.GetyournewsfromEnglishInternetsites,egtheBBC,CNN.

PartTexttuneSkillfocusTask

1Singletextor5Beadingforglobalmeaning;Matchingsummaries

shorttexts（450summarisingtoeachsectionoftext

words

2Singletext（460-headingfordetail;Insertingmissing

500words）understandingstructuresentencesintotext

3Singletext（500-Readingforgeneralmeaning4-partmultiplechoice

600words）andspecificdetailcomprehensionquestion

4Singletext（250UnderstandingmeaningandGap-fill;multiple

words）grammarofindividualwordschoice（4-choice）

5Singletext（250findingmissingwordstoOpengap-fillone

words}givemeaningandcohesionWordpergap）

6Singleteat（150-understandinggrammaticalIdentifyingincorrectof

200words）structureunnecessarywords

PastOne

PartOneisatestofreadingforgistorglobalmeaning.fivetextsorsectionshavetobematchedtolivesentencesthatsummariesethegeneralviewbeingexpressedineach.Followthesesteps

·Readtheinstructionstwiceandmakesureyouunderstandthecontextofthepassages）andwhatyouarebeingaskedtodo.

.Donotreadthesummariesfirst.

·Bearinginmindwhatgeneralinformationyouarelookingfor,readthefirsttext}uml

thentrytosummarise,inyourhead,thegeneralviewitexpresses.

·Nowreadthesummariesandlindtheonechatmatchesyourownmentalsummary.

·repeatthisprocedureforeachoftheotherfourtexts.

summarising

1Writeaone-sentencesummaryforthispassage.Compareyouranswerwithyourpartner.

Ifavouradirectapproachtointerviewingwherethequestionsreallyputthecandidateunderpressureandtesttheirreactions.Ifyoulookatmanualsoninterviewingtechnique,you'llfindthatmostadviseyoufirsttomakethecandidatefeelatease,andthentoaskopen-endedquestionsthatgivethemthefreedomtotall;andexpressthemselvesastheywouldlike.ButIthinkwe'rebeingfartoonicehere.Byallowingpeopletodictatethedirectionoftheinterview,weruntheriskofnotdiscoveringwhotheyreallyareandwastingeveryone'stime.

2Followingtheapproachdescribedabove,dothisReadingTestPartOne.Giveyourselfabouttwelveminutes.

PARTONE

Questions1-8

.Lookatthesentencesbelowandatthefiveextractsfromanarticleonemployeemotivation

..Matcheachstatement1-8tooneoftheextracts（A,B,C,DorE）.

.youwillneedtousesomeofthelettersmorethanonce.

.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning（0）.

Example:

1Jobsatisfactionisthekeytoanemployee'smotivation.D

1Companiesusuallytrytomotivateemployeeswithextrapaymentorverbalpraise.

2Financialrewardsdon'tworksowellwhenthemanagerassessesperformancehimself

3Intheend,motivationhastocomefromthepersonhimself.

4Loyaltyandcommitmentaretwodifferentthings.

5Employeesarecommittedwhentheyunderstandandbelieveinthecompany'saims.

6Mostemployeesseerewardsasanendinthemselves.

7Howwellyouworkdoesnotdependonhowgoodyourworkingconditionsare.

8Goodrelationsbetweenmanagersandworkerscreatetherightworkingenvironment

A

Fundamentaltotheissueofmotivationisthedistinctionbetweenemployeeloyaltytothecompanyandemployeecommitment.Employeesfeelloyalwhentheyfeelcomfortableandwelllookedafterjobsecurity,reasonableconditionsofpay,generousholidayentitlement,medicalinsuranceandagoodpension.Withouttheseconditionsanemployeewillfeelneitherloyaltytothecompanynoranymotivationtowork.Butitisalsopossiblethatevenwithgoodconditions,theemployeemaynotfeelmotivated.Thisisbecauseperformanceisnotdirectlyrelatedtoworkingconditions:

anemployeecanfeelsecure.whetherheworkshardornot

B

Motivationhasmoretodowithcommitmenttothejob.Theconditionsthatproducecommitmentaredifferentfromthosethatinspireloyalty.Committedemployeeswillhaveaclearsenseofthegoalsofthecompanyandunderstandtheirpartincontributingtoachievingthem.Moreover,theywillbelievethatthesegoalsareworthworkingfor:

theywillderivejobsatisfactionfromwhattheydo.Socompanieswhowantamotivatedstaffoughttobespendingtheirtimethinkingabouttheirgoalsandcommunicatingthesewithenthusiasmtotheirstaff.

C

Instead,themotivationdebateseemstofocusonrewards,eitherfinancialornon-financial.Forexamplemoneyiscommonlyusedasanincentiveforsalespeopleorotherswithmeasurabletargetstoreach.Sometimesitisalsousedtorewardemployeeswhoseperformancehasbeenevaluatedsubjectivelybyalinemanager.Thisislesssatisfactory.Verbalcommendationisalsousedtomotivate,fromasimplewordofencouragementintheemployee'seartoapublicawardceremony.

D

Butdoallthesetypesofrewardsmotivatepeople?

Wellyes,theydo.Theymotivatethemtogetrewards.Whattheydon'tnecessarilydoismotivatethemtobeacommittedemployeeanddoagoodjob.Whatreallymotivatespeopleisthelevelofsatisfactiontheyfindintheirwork.AsHerzbergfamouslyputit:

'Ifyouwantpeoplemotivatedtodoagoodjob,givethemagoodjobtodo‘

E

Sotherealmotivatorsarethingswhichareintrinsictothejob:

thattheemployeefeelspartofaunitthatisworkingtowardssomethingworthwhile.Andfromthisaslongascommunicationbetweenemployeeandmanagementisopenandrespectful,willcomerecognitionforgoodwork,advancementinthecompanyandpersonalgrowth.Thebestthatcompaniescandoistocreatesuchanenvironmentandthenhopethatwithinitpeopleareabletomotivatethemselves