1996年考研英语真题超详解.docx

1996年考研英语真题超详解.docx

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1996年考研英语真题超详解

PartIClozeTest

Directions

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],

[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1by

blackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.（10points）

Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthenormal

growthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.

Theydonotprovideenergy,1dotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.Theyare

neededfor2foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance.Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif3ismissingadeficiencydiseasebecomes4.

Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and5nitrogen.Theyaredifferent6theirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitamin7oneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.

8enoughvitaminsisessentialtolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritionalusefor9

PartnReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestionstherearefour

answersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.（40points）

Passage1

Tightlippedeldersusedtosay,“It'snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget.'

Psychologyteachesthatyoudogetwhatyouwantifyouknowwhatyouwantandwantthe

rightthings.

Youcanmakeamentalblueprintofadesireasyouwouldmakeablueprintofahouse,and

eachofusiscontinuallymakingtheseblueprintsinthegeneralroutineofeverydayliving.Ifweintendtohavefriendstodinner,weplanthemenu,makeashoppinglist,decidewhichfoodtocookfirst,andsuchplanningisanessentialforanytypeofmealtobeserved.

Likewise,ifyouwanttofindajob,takeasheetofpaper,andwriteabriefaccountofyourself.

Inmakingablueprintforajob,beginwithyourself,forwhenyouknowexactlywhatyouhavetooffer,youcanintelligentlyplanwheretosellyourservices.

Thisaccountofyourselfisactuallyasketchofyourworkinglifeandshouldincludeeducation,experienceandreferences.Suchanaccountisvaluable.Itcanbereferredtoinfillingoutstandardapplicationblanksandisextremelyhelpfulinpersonalinterviews.Whiletalkingtoyou,yourcouldbeemployerisdecidingwhetheryoureducation,yourexperience,andotherqualificationswillpayhimtoemployyouandyour“wares”andabilitiesmustbedisplayedinanorderlyand

reasonablyconnectedmanner.

Whenyouhavecarefullypreparedablueprintofyourabilitiesanddesires,youhavesomethingtangibletosell.Thenyouarereadytohuntforajob.Getallthepossibleinformationaboutyourcouldbejob.Makeinquiriesastothedetailsregardingthejobandthefirm.Keepyoureyesandearsopen,anduseyourownjudgment.Spendacertainamountoftimeeachdayseekingtheemploymentyouwishfor,andkeepinmind:

Securingajobisyourjobnow.

11.Whatdotheeldersmeanwhentheysay,“It'snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhat

youget.”?

[A]You'llcertainlygetwhatyouwant.

[B]It'snousedreaming.

[C]Youshouldbedissatisfiedwithwhatyouhave.

[D]It'sessentialtosetagoalforyourself.

12.Ablueprintmadebeforeinvitingafriendtodinnerisusedinthispassageas.

[A]anillustrationofhowtowriteanapplicationforajob

[B]anindicationofhowtosecureagoodjob

[C]aguidelineforjobdescription

[D]aprincipleforjobevaluation

13.Accordingtothepassage,onemustwriteanaccountofhimselfbeforestartingtofinda

jobbecause

[A]thatisthefirststeptopleasetheemployer

[B]thatistherequirementoftheemployer

[C]itenableshimtoknowwhentosellhisservices

[D]itforceshimtobecomeclearlyawareofhimself

14.Whenyouhavecarefullypreparedablueprintofyourabilitiesanddesires,youhavesomething.

[A]definitetooffer[B]imaginarytoprovide

[C]practicaltosupply[D]desirabletopresent

Passage2

WiththestartofBBCWorldServiceTelevision,millionsofviewersinAsiaandAmericacannowwatchtheCorporation'snewscoverage,aswellaslistentoit.

AndofcourseinBritainlistenersandviewerscantuneintotwoBBCtelevisionchannels,fiveBBCnationalradioservicesanddozensoflocalradiostations.Theyarebroughtsport,comedy,drama,music,newsandcurrentaffairs,education,religion,parliamentarycoverage,children's

programmesandfilmsforanannuallicencefeeof£83perhousehold.

Itisaremarkablerecord,stretchingbackover70years—yettheBBC'sfutureisnowin

doubt.TheCorporationwillsurviveasapubliclyfundedbroadcastingorganization,atleastfor

thetimebeing,butitsrole,itssizeanditsprogrammesarenowthesubjectofanationwide

debateinBritain.

ThedebatewaslaunchedbytheGovernment,whichinvitedanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC—includingordinarylistenersandviewers—tosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation,andevenwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkeeping.ThereasonforitsinquiryisthattheBBC'sroyalcharterrunsoutin1996anditmustdecidewhethertokeeptheorganizationasitis,ortomakechanges.

DefendersoftheCorporation——ofwhomtherearemany——arefondofquotingthe

Americanslogan“Ifitain'tbroke,don'tfixit.”TheBBC“ain'tbroke”,theysay,bywhichtheymeanitisnotbroken（asdistinctfromtheword‘broke',meaninghavingnomoney）,so

whybothertochangeit?

YettheBBCwillhavetochange,becausethebroadcastingworldarounditischanging.ThecommercialTVchannelsITVandChannel4wererequiredbytheThatcher

Government'sBroadcastingActtobecomemorecommercial,competingwitheachotherforadvertisers,andcuttingcostsandjobs.Butitisthearrivalofnewsatellitechannels—funded

partlybyadvertisingandpartlybyviewers'subscriptions——whichwillbringaboutthebiggest

changesinthelongterm.

15.TheworldfamousBBCnowfaces.

[A]theproblemofnewscoverage[B]anuncertainprospect

[C]inquiriesbythegeneralpublic[D]shrinkageofaudience

16.Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingabouttheBBCisnotmentionedasthekeyissue?

[A]ExtensionofitsTVservicetoFarEast.

[B]Programmesasthesubjectofanation-widedebate.

[C]Potentialsforfurtherinternationalco-operations.

[D]Itsexistenceasabroadcastingorganization.

17.TheBBC's“royalcharter”（Line4,Paragraph4）standsfor..

[A]thefinancialsupportfromtheroyalfamily.

[B]theprivilegesgrantedbytheQueen.

[C]acontractwiththeQueen.

[D]auniquerelationshipwiththeroyalfamily.

18.TheforemostreasonwhytheBBChastoreadjustitselfisnootherthan.

[A]theemergenceofcommercialTVchannels.

[B]theenforcementofBroadcastingActbythegovernment.

[C]theurgentnecessitytoreducecostsandjobs.

[D]thechallengeofnewsatellitechannels.

Passage3

Inthelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury“capital”and“labour”wereenlargingandperfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonmodernlines.Manyanoldfirmwasreplacedbyalimitedliabilitycompanywithabureaucracyofsalariedmanagers.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthird

generationaftertheenergeticfounders.Itwasmoreoverastepawayfromindividualinitiative,towardscollectivismandmunicipalandstate-ownedbusiness.Therailwaycompanies,thoughstillprivatebusinessmanagedforthebenefitofshareholders,wereveryunlikeoldfamily

business.Atthesametimethegreatmunicipalitieswentintobusinesstosupplylighting,tramsandotherservicestothetaxpayers.

Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitycompanyandmunicipalbusinesshadimportant

consequences.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresenting

irresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners;andalmost

equallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.Allthroughthenineteenthcentury,America,Africa,India,AustraliaandpartsofEuropewerebeingdevelopedbyBritish

capital,andBritishshareholderswerethusenrichedbytheworld'smovementtowards

industrialization.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbournespranguptohouselarge

“comfortable”classeswhohadretiredontheirincomes,andwhohadnorelationtotherestof

thecommunityexceptthatofdrawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders'meetingtodictatetheirorderstothemanagement.Ontheotherhand“shareholding”meant

leisureandfreedomwhichwasusedbymanyofthelaterVictoriansforthehighestpurposeofagreatcivilization.

The“shareholders”assuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyinwhichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlaborwasnotgood.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompanywasinmoredirect

relationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.Indeedthemeresizeofoperationsandthenumbersofworkmeninvolvedrenderedsuchpersonalrelationsimpossible.Fortunately,however,theincreasingpowerandorganizationofthetradeunions