温总理政府工作报告中国特色表达方式翻译汇集.docx
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温总理政府工作报告中国特色表达方式翻译汇集
温总理政府工作报告中国特色表达方式翻译汇集(建议译文)
政府工作报告的英文翻译往往比较死,读起来不够地道。
这主要是在翻译过程中,缺乏外国专家的参与(发布前属于国家机密),而国内译者比较谨慎,不敢脱离原文的束缚。
下面向大家提供的,是比较灵活的翻译,当然希望同时忠实于原文意思。
1.坚持科学发展、和谐发展、和平发展
Employascientificapproachtodevelopment,andmaintainharmonyandpeaceduringdevelopment
LCS:
pursuedevelopmentbasedonthescientificapproach,harmonyandpeace
LCS:
Adoptascientificapproachtodevelopment,aprocessthatemphasizesharmonyandpeace
2.全面落实科学发展观(LCS:
全面是指从各个方面)
LCS:
Comprehensivelyimplementthescientificapproachtodevelopment
3.推动经济社会发展切实转入科学发展轨道
Economicandsocialdevelopmenttoadoptscientificapproaches
LCS:
Steereconomicandsocialdevelopmentintoascientificcourse.
4.科学发展
Developwithascientificapproach
5.走科学发展道路
Employascientificapproachtodevelopment
6.科学民主决策
Rationalanddemocraticdecisions
Scientificdecisions没什么意义。
LCS:
在此文件中,建议保留scientific。
关于科学的含义,有许多争议。
7.中央
Thenationalleadership/thecentralPartyandgovernmentauthorities(原为:
thecentralauthorities)
要看上下文。
8.今年提出GDP增长8%左右的指标
TheproposedGDPgrowthtargetthisyearisaround8%.
LCS:
Thisyear,theGDPgrowthtargetissetatround8%.(强调“提出”)
9.文化体育事业进一步繁荣
Cultureandsportsmadefurtherprogress.
10.关心支持残疾人事业的发展
Supportprogramsforthephysicallyandmentallychallengedpersons.
LCS:
Supportprogramsforpeoplewithdisabilities.
LCS:
几个词的演变:
disabledpersons,physicallyandmentallychallengedpersons,personswithdisabilities
11.我们要发展老龄事业
Wewilldevelopoldageprograms.
或者:
…Programmesfortheelderly.
12.经济运行中的关键问题
Keyissuesineconomicactivities
13.解决了三千万农村人口安全用水问题
Wemadesafedrinkingwateravailabletoanadditionalthirtymillionruralresidents.
或者:
Weprovidedaccesstosafe-drinkingwaterforanadditionalthirtymillionruralresidents.
14.制定措施解决农民工问题
Formulatepoliciestoaddressmigrantworkerdiscriminationincities
15.要抓紧解决下岗职工就业问题
Weneedtoprovidereemploymentforlaid-offworkers.
LCS:
Wemustactpromptlytogetthelaid-offworkersreemployed.
LCS:
…tohelplaid-offworkersfindjobs
16.国有企业历史遗留问题
TheperennialproblemswithSOEs
LCS:
Thechronic/lingeringproblemswithSOEs
17.解决群众关心的看病难问题
Addresspublicconcernsinaccesstomedicalservice
18.解决人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题
Resolveissuesofgreatestpracticalinteresttothepeople.
LCS:
Addressthebiggestconcernsofthepeople
19.我们必须以对国家和人民高度负责任的精神采取有力措施解决这些问题
Wemustberesponsibletothecountryandthepeoplebyeffectivelyresolvingtheseproblems.
LCS:
Wemustresolvetheseproblemswithastrongsenseofresponsibilitytothenationandthepeople(强调精神)
20.必须把解决”三农”问题作为全部工作的重中之中
ResolvingtheSan-nongIssue(farmers,agriculture&countryside)ismostimportant
LCS:
Wemustgivetopprioritytothesan-nongissue(agriculture,ruralcommunity,andfarmers).
21.着力解决民生问题
Focusonimprovinglivelihoods.
LCS:
….improvinglivingconditions
22.解决拖欠工程款和农民工资问题
Addresstheproblemsofdefaultsinconstructionpaymentsandmigrantworkerwages.
LCS:
Addressdefaultsonpaymenttoconstructioncompaniesandtheirworkers.
23.政府自身建设存在一些问题
Re-engineeringofthegovernmentisincomplete.
LCS:
Thereareproblemsintransformingthegovernmentitself.
24.存在这些问题根本在于制度不健全,监管不到位
Thefundamentalproblemsareinstitutionaldeficienciesandpooroversight.
25.基层民主政治建设加强
Buttressedgrassrootsdemocracy..
LCS:
Politicaldemocracyatthegrassrootslevelwasbuttressed.
LCS:
下面的这段话表达的意思,欧盟有一个术语,叫subsidiarity,即尽量把决策权下放,上级政府仅仅起到辅助作用(我译为“从下不从上”原则)。
与中国的不同。
外交部不用grassroots,也许出于这个考虑。
Grassrootsdemocracyisatendencytowardsdesigningpoliticalprocesseswhereasmuchdecision-makingauthorityaspracticalisshiftedtotheorganization'slowestgeographicleveloforganization
26.领导干部要深入基层了解群众疾苦
Leadershipshouldconductgrassrootsvisitstobetterempathisewiththepeople
LCS:
Leadersshouldnotlosetouchwiththepeople.
27.加强基层民主
Buttressgrassrootsdemocracy
28.经济结构矛盾突出
(Thereare)seriouseconomicstructuralproblems
29.银行资金流动性过剩问题突出
excessliquidity(如果excessive,问题一定突出)
LCS:
liquidityinthebankingsystemisexcessive
30.国际收支不平衡矛盾比较突出
Pronounced(international–可以省略)paymentsimbalance.
31.着力解决外贸顺差过大的矛盾
Reducetheexcesstradesurplus
LCS:
Makemajoreffortstoreducetheexcesstradesurplus…
32.从各方面采取措施缓解国际收支不平衡的矛盾
Resolvepaymentsimbalancefromvariousfronts
33.引发投资增长过快的因素仍然存在
Causesofinvestmentoverdriveremain.
34.法定支出
Statutoryexpenditure
35.政策性企业破产
Administrativebankruptcy
所谓政策性破产,就是指国有企业在破产时,将全部资产首先用于安排失业和下岗职工,而不是清偿银行债务。
LCS:
Policy-basedbankruptcy
LCS:
Administrativeclosure
36.不少支出增长是刚性的
Manyexpenditureincreasesareinevitable.
LCS:
Manyexpenditureincreasesarerigid.
37.积极稳妥推进企业政策性破产工作
Prudentmanagementofadministrativebankruptcy
LCS:
Steadilypushaheadwithpolicy-basedbankruptcy
38.外贸顺差较大
Largeforeigntradesurplus
39.中央财政2003-2006年超收较多
Centralfiscalrevenuebetween2003–2006exceededtheirrespectivefiscaltargetssubstantially
40.当前财政形势较好
Thecurrentfiscalstateishealthy.
LCS:
Thecentralgovernmentisnowingoodfinancialshape
41.重点领域和关键环节改革取得新进展
Criticalreformsfoundnewinroads.
42.加强财政税收对经济运行的调节
Greateruseoffiscaltoolstoregulatetheeconomy.
财政手段涵盖税收。
见下;
FiscalPolicyisthedeliberatechangeingovernmentspending,governmentborrowingortaxestostimulateorslowdowntheeconomy.Itcontrastswithmonetarypolicy,whichdescribesthepoliciesaboutthesupplyofmoneytotheeconomy.
43.严肃查处土地使用违法行为
Punishviolatorsoflanduselawsandregulations(把prosecute改为punish)
LCS:
Taketoughmeasuresagainstbreachesoflanduselawsandregulations
LCS:
Betoughwithoffendersoflanduselegislation
44.固定资产投资增幅回落
Slowergrowthinfixedassetinvestment.
45.避免经济增长由偏快转为过热
Preventtheeconomyfrombecomingoverheated.
LCS:
Avoideconomicoverheat
46.这些措施进一步调动了农民种粮的积极性
Theseareincentivesforfarmerstoproducegrains
LCS:
Thesemeasureshaveboostedgrainproduction.
47.加快经济结构调整
Stepupeconomicrestructuring
48.对产能过剩行业进行重组
Restructureindustrieswithovercapacity
49.淘汰煤炭行业落后产能
Shutdownoutdatedcoalproductionfacilities
LCS:
…sub-standard…
50.关系国民经济全局的重大工程
projectsvitaltothenationaleconomy(werecompleted).(原为keyprojectsbearingonthenationaleconomywerecompleted)
51.为增强经济增长后劲发挥重要作用
importantforsustainingChina’seconomicdevelopment
LCS:
Importantforsustainingtheeconomy
52.整顿小煤矿取得了阶段性成果
Smallcoalmineswerepreliminarilyreorganised
LCS:
Preliminaryresultswerethusachievedinstraighteningoutsmallcoalmines.
53.振兴东北工作顺利开展
Rejuvenationofnorth-easternChinaisunderway.
LCS:
Revivalof…
54.国有经济布局调整取得新的进展(LCS:
指国有经济有进有退,主要是退出某些领域)
Thestate-ownedeconomywasfurtherrestructured.
LCS:
Theindustrialdistributionofthestatesectorwasfurtheradjusted.
55.上市公司股权分制改革基本完成(LCS:
股权分置改革方案)
Reformofthesplitsharestructureoflistedcompaniesisgenerallycompleted.
非流通股持有者向流通股持有者支付对价,以将其股票转换成流通股。
LCS:
股权分置也称为股权分裂,是指上市公司的一部分股份上市流通,另一部分股份暂时不上市流通。
前者主要称为流通股,主要成分为社会公众股;后者为非流通股,大多为国有股和法人股。
56.规范收入分配秩序
Ensureequitableincomedistribution
57.整顿和规范市场秩序
Improvemarketorder(原为improveandstandardizemarketorder)
58.改革深化为经济社会发展注入了新的动力
Furtherreformaddedimpetustoeconomicandsocialdevelopment.
59.我们优先发展教育
Educationispriority.
60.高等学校在校总人数达到两千三百万.
Thenumberoftertiarystudentstotalled23million.
61.这标志高等教育发展达到了一个新水平.
ThisisamilestoneinthedevelopmentoftertiaryeducationinChina.
62.历史罕见的严重自然灾害
Naturaldisaster(s)of(an)unprecedentedmagnitude
63.政务、厂务、村务公开不断扩大
Government,factoryandvillageaffairs/administrationsweremoretransparent.
64.颁布了29个行政法规
Promulgated29administrativeregulations
65.实施治理商业贿赂专项行动
Launchedaspecialactiontofightcommercialbribery.
66.依法打击经济犯罪
Economiccriminalswerepunished.
Economiccrimeswerepunished
67.民族宗教工作进一步加强
Moreworkwasdonetoimproveethnicandreligiousaffairs.
68.实事求是
Bepragmatic
69.解放思想
Beliberal
70.政府工作中还有一些缺点和不足
Thegovernmenthasitsshortcomingsandinadequacies.
71.一二三产业比例不合理
Imbalanceamongprimary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries.
72.投资消费关系不协调
Investmentfarexceedsconsumption
73.经济增长模式粗放
Inefficienteconomicgrowth
74.政府职能转变滞后
Governmentfunctionshavebeenslowtochange
75.政企不分现象仍然突出
Thegovernmentcontinuestointerferewithenterprisemanagement
LCS:
Governmentandbusinessesarestillnotfullyseparated
76.向人民交出满意的答卷
LCS:
Liveuptotheexpectationofthepeople
77.政府工作的基本思路是:
Thegovernment’sprimaryfocusis:
LCS:
Theroughplanofthegovernmentis:
78.着力调整经济结构
Focusoneconomicrestructuring
79.努力实现国民经济又好又快发展
Achievesoundandrapideconomicgrowth
80.电视覆盖从行政村向自然村延伸
TVpenetrationextendsfromthevillageadministrativeunitsrightdowntothevillagelevel
LCS:
TVpenetrationextendsfrommainvillagesservingasadministrativecentrestoallvillages/settlements
81.认真贯彻行政许可法
ImplementtheAdministrativeLicensingLaw
82.关心中国现代化建设
CareboutChina’smodernization/Modernise(可能指海外华侨的关心)
83.城市最低生活保障制度
Basiclivingallowanceforurbanresidents
84.最低工资制度
minimum-wagesystem
85.加快建设法治政府
Establishtheruleoflawingovernment.
LCS:
Improverule-basedgovernance
86.全面推进依法行政
Implementlaw-basedadministration(与上个短语如果出现在同一句,可以仅译其一)
87.全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设
Promotesocialisteconomic,politicalandculturaldevelopment
88.调整投资与消费的关系
Balanceinvestmentandconsumption
更清楚的解释:
AdjusttheGDPcompositionofinvestmentandconsumption(见第72条)
89.稳定消费预期,扩大即期消费
Weshouldbuildconsumerconfidencetoencourageimmediateconsumption.
90.培养旅游、休闲、健身等消费热点
Developthetourism,recreationandhealth&fitnesssectorstospurconsumption
Developthetourism,theleisureindustry,andthehealthandfitnesssectortospurconsumption
91.坚持区别对待
Employdifferentiatedapproaches
92.实现现代化的宏伟目标
Modernize
93.目前我们正在采取一系列