听力入门第三册 unit11.docx

听力入门第三册 unit11.docx

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听力入门第三册unit11

Unit11Transportation（I）

PartIWarmingup

A

1.ThisnewsitemisaboutBoeing's18billionnewordersthisyearforitsnew777jetliner.

2.Thisnewsitemisaboutpossiblemergersbetweenairlines.

A2Tapescript:

1.Boeing,theworld'sleadingcommercialairplanemaker,announcedithas18billiondollarsinnewordersthisyearforitsnew777jetliner.ThisfigureputsdemandfortheBoeingaircraftaheadofcomparablemodelsproducedbyrivalAirbusofEurope.

2.BritishAirwaysandDutchcarrierKLMconfirmtheyareinactofmergertalks.SwissAirwonapprovalfortakingmajoritycontrolofBelgium'sSabenaAirlinesandtherewasanotherflurryoftake-overdiscussionsamongsomemajorAmericancarriers.TheycomeontheheelsofnumberoneUnitedAirlines'offertobuynumbersixU.S.Airwaystwoweeksago.Thenation'snumbertwo,AmericanAirlines,andthecountry'sthirdlargest,Delta,havebeenhavingwhataredescribedaspreliminarydiscussionsaboutapossiblecombination.AmericanhadreportedlybeentalkingwithNorthwestaboutahookupaswell.ThetopthreeU.S.airlines,United,AmericanandDeltacurrentlycontrol56percentofU.S.airtraffic.Ifthemergersgothrough,they'dcontrol85percent.

Monorail

1.Monorailsystemsrelyonaverysimpletechnology:

rubber-tiredcarsridingonanarrowconcreteguide-way.

2.Monorailsystemsarecapableofspeedsof65milesperhourandofferridequalitycomparabletoconventionalrailtransittechnologies.

3.Monorailsystemsaresafeandmoreenvironmentallysensitivethananyotherelevatedtransittechnology.

4.Andnoiseandneighborhooddisruptioncausedbymonorailconstructionaredramaticallylowerthanotherformsofmasstransit.

Maglev

1.Oneofthemostexitingrecentinnovationsinrailroadtechnologyismagneticlevitation,orMaglev,whichreliesontheprincipleofmagnetism--attractionandrepulsion.

2.Thisnewtechnologywillresultintrainsthatarefaster,smoother,moreefficient,morecomfortable,andmoreenvironmentallysound.

LightRail

1.Lightrailtransitisanelectricrailwaysystemcharacterizedbyitsabilitytooperatesinglecarsormulti-cartrainsalongsharedorexclusiverights-of-wayatgroundlevel,onaerialstructures,insubways,oroccasionallyinstreets.

2.Itisabletoboardanddischargepassengersatstationplatformsoratstreet,track,orcar-floorlevel,andisnormallypoweredbyoverheadelectricalwires.

3.Themaximumspeedoflightrailtrainsisnormally60milesperhour（100kmperhour）.

4.Passengercapacityofeachcarinamultiplecarconsistcanbeuptoasmanyas250passengers（standeesincluded）.

Tapescript:

1.Monorail

Monorailsystemsrelyonaverysimpletechnology:

rubber-tiredcarsridingonanarrowconcreteguide-way.Thecarsareselfpropelledbyelectricmotorswithpowerpickupviadistributionbarsmountedonthesideoftheguide-way.Monorailsystemsarecapableofspeedsof65milesperhourandofferridequalitycomparabletoconventionalrailtransittechnologies.

Monorailsystemsaresafebecausethedesignandnatureofmonorailsystemsmakeitverydifficultfortrespasserstoaccesstheguide-wayandpowerrails.

Monorailsystemsaremoreenvironmentallysensitivethananyotherelevatedtransittechnologyduetothemonorail'snarrowguide-waystructureandquietrubbertires.Also,sincemanyofthepylonandrailcomponentscanbeprefabricatedelsewhereandthenassembledalongtheroutes,thenoiseanddisruptionofconstructionwillbekepttoaminimum.Thus,noiseandneighborhooddisruptioncausedbymonorailconstructionaredramaticallylowerthanotherformsofmasstransit.

2.Maglev

Oneofthemostexitingrecentinnovationsinrailroadtechnologyismagneticlevitation,orMaglev,whichreliesontheprincipleofmagnetism-attractionandrepulsion.Thisnewtechnology,stillunderdevelopment,willresultintrainsthatarefaster,smoother,moreefficient,morecomfortable,andmoreenvironmentallysound.Nolongerwilltrainsrumbleheavilyalongsteelrails;rather,theywillfloatalongamagneticcushionwithoutanydirectcontactwiththeground.

3.LightRail

Lightrailtransitisanelectricrailwaysystem,constructedinthe1970sorlater,characterizedbyitsabilitytooperatesinglecarsormulti-cartrainsalongsharedorexclusiverights-of-wayatgroundlevel,onaerialstructures,insubways,oroccasionallyinstreets.Itisabletoboardanddischargepassengersatstationplatformsoratstreet,track,orcar-floorlevel,andisnormallypoweredbyoverheadelectricalwires.

Inmostcurrentsettings,lightrailisanythingbut"light"andisbuilttoexactingstandards.Themaximumspeedoflightrailtrainsisnormally60milesperhour（100kmperhour）,whileheavyrailtrainsnormallyoperateathigherspeeds.Dependinguponthespecificsystem,thedistancebetweenlightrailstationsisshorterthanwithinheavyrailsystems,whichlendssomemajoradvantagestourbansettings.

Lightrailtrainsoperateaseithersingleormultiplecarconsists.Passengercapacityofeachcarinamultiplecarconsistcanbeuptoasmanyas250passengers（standeesincluded）.

B.Tapescript:

1.EuroRouteisaschemethatoperatesatmuchlowerrunningcoststhaneachcoast..,er...tenkilometersoutfromthecoastandconnectupwithatwenty-kilometersubmergedconcretetubetunnelmadeontwoman-madeislandsintheEnglishChannel.Er...the..,roadwaysspiralgentlydowntothelevelofthetunnel,It'sthesameprincipleastheChesapeakeBayBridge-TunnelintheU.S.A.,andit...it'swell-researchedtechnology.Thinkingaheadtothetwenty-firstcentury,er...Ibelievethatpeoplewillprefer,willwanttodriveacross,notqueueupwaitingfortrains.

Andfinally,therearealsotwoseparatesupplementaryrail-onlytunnels,andtheycantakeupto30high-speedpassengerandfreighttrainsineachdirectionperhour.

2.TheChannelExpresswayisaschemeconsistingoftwotunnelswhichcarrybothroadandtraintraffic.Therailsarelaidflushwiththeroadsurfaceliketramtracksinthefastlanewhichisclosedtotrafficonceeveryhalfhourforthetrainstopassthrough.Er...really,boththepassengertrainsandthefreighttrainsareabletousethetunnel,butthefreighttrainswillmostlyrunduringthenightwhenthere'slessroadtraffic.Therewillbespecialpumpsatregularintervalsalongthetunneltocleantheairandremovetheexhaustfumesfromit.

3.Flexilinkisthecheapestandmostreliableschemeofthemall,really.Ferries,especiallythenewgiantsuper-ferriesaremoreeconomical,saferandalotmoreflexiblethanbuildingatunnel.Andthey'realsofriendliertotheenvironment.Forthemotoristandthelorrydriver,thepleasurableexperienceofstrollingonthedeckwithtimetoenjoyamealandtakearelaxingbreakduringthejourneyismuchmorepleasantthantheclaustrophobicsensationofbeingundergroundforanhour--andtheideaof,youknow,beingtrapped.TimesavedforcarsandroadfreightbybuildingtheChannelTunnelislessthananhour:

insignificantsavingonjourneysoftwelvehoursormore.There'snodoubtthatferrieswillcontinueoperatingincompetitionwiththetunnel,bothontheshortChannelcrossingandonthelongercrossingsfromsouthernEnglandtoFranceandEnglandtoHolland,Belgium,GermanyandScandinavia.

PartIIIConcorde:

pastandfuture

A2

Tapescript.

P--PilotI--Interviewer

W–WomanM--ManG--Guide

Part1

P.DistancetoCairois,er,2,500statutemilesandwe'vegotaflighttimeof2hoursand59minutes.We'repoweredbyfourRollsRoyceOlympusengines,whichhave,er,reheat,orafterburners,and,onthetake-offtodaytheyshouldbeprovidinguswithatotalof152,000poundsofthrustandthat'sequivalentto70,000shafthorsepowerandthemaximumspeedtheaircraft'spermittedtoflyatismach2.04;justovertwicethespeedofsound.Today,we'llbecruisingatmach2,precisely.

I.L95isoneheckofalottopayforonedayout.Whoonearthcanaffordatriplikethis?

Well,clearlyquitealotofpeoplecan.With100ontoday'sflight,Concordeisfull.What'stheirfirstimpressionofflyingonConcorde?

W1Absolutelyoverwhelming.Youcan'tmakeanycomparisonwithanordinaryaircraftandtheConcorde.Neverwanttoflyagainordinaryafterthis,atall.

I.IstheflightonConcordethemainreasonyou'rehere,oris..?

W1.Yesitis.Yes,definitely.It'sanambitionandanindulgence.I'vealwayswantedtodoitandnow,I'vedoneitandit'sabsolutelygreat.

I.Doyouhavefriendsathomewhothinkyou'rebarmyjusttospendallthismoneyforaday,when,forthesamemoney,youcouldgotoFloridaforthreeweeks?

W1.Ofcoursethereare,buttheydon'thaveanyerm,theydon'thaveanyidea.Iftheyhadthisexperiencethey'dknowitwasworthit.Youknowyou'reonConcorde.Itliftsyouhigh.It'severythingitshouldbe.

M1.Todaywasanormaltake-off.Ididn'tnoticeweweretakingoffatall.Usuallyyourearsstarttopop,er,youhaveatremendousimpressionofnoise,butthiswasveryquiet.MyfriendsathomehavenoideaofhowmuchmoneyI'mspendingjustforoneday.

I..Doyouthinkit'sworthit?

M1Oh,ofcourseitis.LastweekmywifewenttoHarrodsandshespentabout?

000inallthedepartmentsinHarrods.And,thisweek,I'mdoingthesamesortofthingbygoingoutforthedayonConcorde.

Part2

I.Threehoursaftertakingoff,we'reonthegroundinEgypt.WestragglepastthearmedsoldierswhoguardCairoAirportandclimbintothreecoaches.CairoiswarmerthanLondon,butnottoohotatthistimeofyear.Theguidepointsoutthesights.The12thcenturyCitadel,TheRiver