历年考研真题英语二阅读理解.docx

历年考研真题英语二阅读理解.docx

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历年考研真题英语二阅读理解

历年考研真题英语二阅读理解

　　历年考研真题英语二阅读理解1

　　Text2

　　Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated"aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose"achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.

　　Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach（whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram）canclose63percentoftheachievementgap（measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades）betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

　　Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindinsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students（whocompletedtheproject）atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents（59.1percent）wererecipientsofPellGrants，afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed，whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree

　　Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudentsTheycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

　　Manyfirst-generationstudents"struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation，learntherulesofthegame，andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,"theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdonttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudentseducationalexperience，manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove

　　26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas

　　[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates

　　[B]narrowedtheachievementgao

　　[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose

　　[D]depressedcollegestudents

　　27Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause

　　[A]theproblemissolvable

　　[B]theirapproachiscostless

　　[qtherecruitingratehasincreased

　　[D]theirfindingappealtostudents

　　28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents

　　[A]studyatprivateuniversities

　　[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies

　　[qareinneedoffinancialsupport

　　[D]havefailedtheircollage

　　29.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents

　　[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

　　[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

　　[C]maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

　　[D]areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

　　30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat--

　　[A]universitiesoftenr~ectthecultureofthemiddle-class

　　[B]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

　　[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

　　[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

　　答案：

　　26.Cmisseditsoriginalpurpose

　　27.Atheproblemissolvable

　　28.Careinneedoffinancialsupport

　　29.Dareinexperiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege

　　30.Dcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

　　历年考研真题英语二阅读理解2

　　Text2

　　Whilefossilfuels—stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld’senergysupply,it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:

Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

　　Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

　　Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

　　PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource.ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration—andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

　　Thequestion“Whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’tshine?

”hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.Butaboostinthestoragecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.

　　Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow,thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.

　　Whilethere’salongwaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup—perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes—ordoesn’tdo—topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.

　　26.Theword“plummeting”（Line3,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto.

　　[A]stabilizing

　　[B]changing

　　[C]falling

　　[D]rising

　　27.AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica.

　　[A]isprogressingnotably

　　[B]isasextensiveasinEurope

　　[C]facesmanychallenges

　　[D]hasprovedtobeimpractical

　　28.ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,.

　　[A]windisawidelyusedenergysource

　　[B]windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

　　[C]techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

　　[D]thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

　　29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs56?

　　[A]Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.

　　[B]Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.

　　[C]Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.

　　[D]Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.

　　30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy____.

　　[A]willbringtheUSAclosertoothercountries.

　　[B]willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange.

　　[C]isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSAgovernment.

　　[D]isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost.

　　历年考研真题英语二阅读理解3

　　Text2

　　AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.

　　Werosetintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff.

　　PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves’fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancethemust（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal）weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”,saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.Ifyouaredepressed,youwon’tbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley‘sstudy,itmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves,Facebooktherefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,whe