届 江苏高三 英语一模 分类汇编阅读含答案.docx

届 江苏高三 英语一模 分类汇编阅读含答案.docx

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届江苏高三英语一模分类汇编阅读含答案

2018届江苏高三英语一模分类汇编---阅读

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HowtoSpeakBrit

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HowtoSpeakBrit:

TheQuintessential（典型）GuidetotheKing’sEnglish,CockneySlang,andOtherFlummoxingBritishPhrasesisthequintessentialAtoZguidetoBritishEnglish—perfectforeverybookwormlookingtoconquerthelanguagebarrier.

OscarWildeoncesaidtheBritshave“everythingincommonwithAmericanowadaysexcept,ofcourse,language”.

AnyvisitortoOldBlightycansympathizewithMr.Wilde.Afterall,evenfluentEnglishspeakerscanbeatsixesandsevenswhentoldtopickupthe“dogandbone”or“headtotheloo”,sotheycan“spendapenny”.Whereverdidtheseuniqueexpressionscomefrom?

Partlanguageguide,partculturalstudy, HowtoSpeakBrit istheperfectadditiontoeveryAnglophile’s（亲英派的）libraryandanentertainingintroductionthatwillcharmthelinguistic-mindedpeople.

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56.HowtoSpeakBritisintendedtohelpreaders______.

A.toexposethemselvestoBritishcultures

B.togainabettercommandofBritishEnglish

C.tocombinelanguagelearningwithentertainment

D.todifferentiateAmericanEnglishfromBritishEnglish

57.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A.Abooklet.

B.Awebpage.

C.Abrochure.

D.Alibraryguide.

B

Tounderstandoneofthesecretsofcreativity,justpeek（窥视）intoanartclassroominDenver,Colorado.TheteacherasksherpupilstoimitatethestyleofVassilyKandinsky.ThestudentscopyKandinsky’sartstyle,masteringbrushworkandlearningcolourtheory.

Ifthatwasallthereweretothelesson,itwouldbeahands-onclassinarthistory.Buttheartteacherasksthestudentstocutuptheirpaintingsandbuild3Dsculpturesoutofthepieces.Theyhaveallstartedwiththesamesource,buttheirworksallenduplookingextremelydifferent:

somerisestraightupinacolumn,whileothersareajigsaw（相互交错）ofdifferentformsandangles.Thestudentslearntotreatthepastnotasalandingpoint,butasalaunchingpad.

Creativitydoesn’tcomeoutoftheblue.Noideaiseverwhollyoriginal;thereisalwaysalinkfromtheknowntothenew.Werelyonculturetoprovideuswithastorehouseofrawmaterialswhichwethentransform.Eachgenerationaddsanotherlayertothecliffsideofhistory.

Oneofthekeystodevelopinginventivenessisnottotreatthepastassacred.Beethovendidn’twritesymphoniesbecausehethoughttherewasanythingwrongwithMozart’s.Picassodidn’tpaintvariationsoncanvasesbyVelásquezandManetbecauseherejectedtheoldmasters,butratherbecauseheadmiredthem.Whilewesometimestinker（修补）withtheimperfect,wealsoremakewhatwelove,showingouradmirationforthepastbypassingdownitsDNA.

Sometimesinventorsattempttocovertheirtracks.StravinskydeniedthatTheRiteofSpring,hisrevolutionaryballet,includedanyactualfolktunes,butscholarsfoundavolumeoftheminhislibraryafterhisdeath.

Creativemindsalwaysstartfromaprecedent（先例）andmovefromthere,buthowfarshouldtheygo?

Thechallengeisthatstayingtooclosetothefamiliarcandissatisfy,whilewanderingtoofarcanfailtofindfollowers.

ThomasEdisonmadesmallchangestothetelephone,dramaticallyimprovedthelightbulb—andatthefarendimaginedunderwatercitiespoweredbysolarenergy.ThedesignerNormanBelGeddesdesignedahostofpracticalproducts,suchascocktailshakersandfurniture—buthealsorangedmuchfurther,sketchingflyingcarsandhousesinwhichthewallsroseupintotheceilinglikegaragedoors.

TheDNAoftheoriginalisstillthere,butbytheendithasevolvedtosomethingnew.Eachofusiscreatingourownvariationsonthemespasseddowntous.We’reatourmostinventivewhenwedon’tallowhistorytolimitourimaginations,buttolaunchthem.That’salessonthatcanstartyoung—andthatneverages.

58.TheartteacherinColoradointendstotellthestudentsthatthesecretofcreativityis______.

A.tocopythemasters’workswithouteffort

B.tocompletelyrejectthemasters’styles

C.tobuildtheirbrilliantideasonthepast

D.tocomparetheirworkswiththemasters’

59.Theunderlinedphrase“outoftheblue”inParagragh3means______.

A.unfortunatelyB.graduallyC.frequentlyD.unexpectedly

60.Whichofthefollowingisnottheproductofcreativityaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Aflyingcar.

B.AcopyofaMozart.

C.Animprovedlightbulb.

D.Anunderwatercitypoweredbysolarenergy.

C

MajRundlöfremembersthemomentshechangedhermindaboutneonicotinoids—theworld’smostwidelyusedpesticides（杀虫剂）.InDecember2013,inherofficeatLundUniversityinSweden,sheandpostdoctorGeorgAnderssonwerelookingatdatafromtheirlateststudy.Itwasdesignedtotestwhatwouldhappentobeesiftheyfedoncropstreatedwithneonicotinoids.“Ididn’texpecttoseeanyeffectatall,tobehonest,”saysRundlöf.

Honeybeesweren’tgreatlyaffectedbythechemicalsincrops,thestudysuggested.Butthedataonbumblebeestoldadifferentstory.Bumblebeecoloniesthathadn’tfedonthetreatedcropslookednormal:

theywerepackingonweighttosurvivethewinter.Butinthecoloniesexposedtoneonicotinoids,thegrowthchartwasaflatline.

WhentheSwedishstudywaspublishedinApril2015, itmadeheadlinesaroundtheworld.Itwasthefirsttoshowthatneonicotinoids—knownasneonics—couldharmbeesinareal-worldfarmingsituation.Beepopulationsaredeclininginmanypartsoftheglobe,aworryingsignforthecropsandwildplantsthatrelyonthesebeesfortheirsurvival. Parasites（寄生虫）,disease and shrinkingfoodresources areallprimesuspects.Butalinktoneonicshasbecomeamajorflashpoint.

EvenbeforeRundlöf’sresultswererevealed,theEuropeanUnionhadplacedheavyrestrictionsonthreemostwidelyusedneonicsinfloweringcrops—plantsthatmightbeattractivetobees—amongrisingconcernsthatthechemicalsmightharmpollinators（传粉者）.Butfarmers,theagrochemicalindustryandsomescientistspointedoutthatthesewerebasedonlimitedevidence,gatheredmostlyfromlabtests.

SinceRundlöf’spaper,studiesshowingreal-worldevidenceofharmfrompesticidesinthefieldhavebeenmounting—andenvironmentalorganizationshavedemandedwide-rangingbans.Regulatoryagencieswillsoondecidewhattodoaboutneonics,whichhaveaglobalmarketworthmorethanUS$1.5billionperyear.Thismonth,theEU’sEuropeanFoodSafetyAuthorityisduetocompleteare-evaluationofevidenceforrestrictingneonics;theEUwillthenneedtodecidewhatactiontotake.Francehaspassedalawthatwouldbanneonicsin2018.

Butindustrygroupsandsomescientistssaytheevidencestillisn’tconclusive.Thepictureiscomplicated:

somestudiesshowharmtosomebeesinsomecircumstances,whileothersfindnoharm.Theresultsseemtobeaffectedbymanyfactors,includingthespeciesofbeeandthekindsofcropsinvolved.Scientistsworkingonthequestionsayanynewstudyisinstantlypickedatbyadvocatesonbothsides.Eventheresultsofthelargeststudyonthematter,fundedbytheagrochemicalindustry,failedtoproduceaconsensus.It’slikelythatpoliticalorregulatorydecisionswillsettlethematterbeforeopposingpartiesagree.

61.MajRundlöf’sstudysuggeststhat______.

A.neonicotinoidsarelinkedtobeedeclines

B.bumblebeesarethreatenedwithcoldwinter

C.honeybeesareatnoriskfromneonicotinoids

D.neonicotinoidsareharmfultobeesasexpected

62.Whydoesthedecliningofbeepopulationsraisemuchconcern?

A.Diseasehascausedthelackoffoodresources.

B.Floweringcropswithneonicsareappealingtobees.

C.Beesplayaleadingroleinlimitingthenumberofparasites.

D.Beepopulationsarecrucialtothesurvivalofcropsandwildplants.

63.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat______.

A.theEUistofurtherassesstheharmofneonicotinoids

B.evidenceofharmtobeesfrompesticidesissufficient

C.theEUhasalreadybannedtheuseofneonicotinoids

D.moreandmorestudiesprovepesticidesharmfultobees

64.Thelastparagraphismainlyabout______.

A.thebattleoverthewidespreaduseofneonicotinoids

B.thedebateabouttheharmbyneonicotinoidstobees

C.factorsofinfluenceonthepresentsituationofbees

D.doubtsaboutcurrentpoliticalorregulatorysystems

D

Therearemanyheartbreakingmomentsinthisbeautifullywrittenbook，LettertoLouis，byAlisonWhite,butthefirstcomesbeforeitevenbegins.InthedevotiontohersonLouis,authorAlisonWhitesayshowshewantedtowriteitsothatpeoplewouldunderstanddisabilityandcaring,butalso,“tobetotallyhonest,IwantedtowritesomethingthatwouldmakepeopleconsiderbeingLouis’sfriend”.Beneaththatsimpleplea（恳求）liesthegreatfearofsomanyparentswhonurseaseverelydisabledchildthroughtoadulthood:

“WhatwillhappenwhenI’mgone?

”Insteadofgivingavividaccountofthefearandanxietiesthataccompanylong-termcaring,shejusttellsuswhatit’slike,anditisequallyadmirable,uplifting,terrifying.

Asasociety,wearefondofpraisingshort-termheroism:

thesoldierorfirefighter,braverycontainablewithinasinglestory.TheuncomfortabletruththatLettertoLouislaysbareisthattheheroismoflong-termtoughness,thedailycaringovermanyyears,isneithergreatnorinteresting.Attimes,withtwootherchildrentocareforandLouiswakingfivetimesanight,stillundiagnosedandinconstantpain,Whitefeelssimpledespair.“Ipicturethecliff.Ipicturejumpingholdingyoutightinmyarms,fallingandfallingthroughth