英语修辞手法及英美文学相关书目.docx
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英语修辞手法及英美文学相关书目
I.DefinitionofLiterature
II.ThePurposeofreadingliterature?
III.Readinglist
ASuggestedReadingListforEnglishMajors
1.BritishLiterature-1
JaneAusten
PrideandPrejudice傲慢与偏见
CharlotteBronte
JaneEyre简•爱
EmilyBronte
WutheringHeights呼啸山庄
DanielDefoe
RobinsonCrusoe鲁宾孙漂流记
CharlesDickens
DavidCopperfield大卫•科波菲尔
GeorgeEliot
Middlemarch米德尔马契
JohnGalsworthy
TheManofProperty有产者
ThomasHardy
TessoftheD'Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝
JudetheObscure无名的裘德
JamesJoyce
APortraitoftheArtistasaYoungMan青年艺术家画像
CharlesLamb
TalesfromShakespeare莎士比亚故事集
D.H.Lawrence
SonsandLovers儿子与情人
SirWalterScott
Ivanhoe艾凡赫
JonathanSwift
Gulliver‘sTravels格列佛游记
WilliamM.
ThackerayVanityFair名利场
OscarWilde
ThePictureofDorianGray道利•格雷的肖像
VirginiaWoolfMrs.Dalloway黛洛维夫人
TotheLighthouse到灯塔去
ASuggestedReadingListforEnglishMajors
2.BritishLiterature－2
KingsleyAmis
LuckyJim幸运的吉姆
ArnoldBennett
TheOldWives’Tale老妇人的故事
ElizabethBowen
TheDeathoftheHeart心之死
AnthonyBurgess
AClockwordOrange发条橙
SamuelButler
TheWayofAllFlesh众生之路
A.S.Byatt
Possession 占有
LewisCarroll
Alice’sAdventuresinWonderland爱丽丝梦游仙境
AngelaCarter
TheCompanyofWolves 狼之一族
AgathaChristie
MurderontheOrientExpress东方快车谋杀案
IvyCompton-Burnett
AFamilyandaFortune家庭和财富
JosephConrad
HeartofDarkness黑暗之心,LordJim吉姆爷
SirArthurC.Ddyle
AdventureofSherlockHolmes福尔摩斯历险记
MargaretDrabble
TheWaterfall瀑布
DaphneDuMaurier
Rebecca蝴蝶梦
GeorgeEliot
Middlemarch米德尔马契
E.M.Forster
HowardsEnd霍华德庄园
APassagetoIndia印度之旅
JohnFowles
TheFrenchLieutenant‘sWoman 法国中尉的女人
BritishLiterature－2
JohnGalsworthy
TheManofProperty财主
WilliamGolding
LordoftheFlies苍蝇王
JohnLeCarred
TheSpyWhoCameinfromtheCold冷战谍魂
DorisLessing
TheGrassIsSinging野草在歌唱
DavidLodge
NiceWork好工作
W.SomersetMaugham
TheMoonandSixpence月亮和六便士
OfHumanBondage月亮和六便士、人性的枷锁
IrisMurddoch
TheBlackPrince黑王子
GeorgeOrwell
NineteenEighty-four1984
SalmanRushdie
MidnightChildren午夜的孩子们
C.P.Snow
TheAffair丑闻
MurielSpark
ThePrimeofMissJeanBrodie简•布罗迪小姐的青春
RobertLouis
StevensonTreasureIsland金银岛
EvelynWaugh
AHandfulofDust一掬尘土
H.G.Wells
TheInvisibleMan隐形人
2.AmericanLiterature-1
TheodoreDreiser
SisterCarrie嘉莉妹妹
AnAmericanTragedy美国悲剧
WilliamFaulkner
GoDown,Moses去吧，摩西
TheSoundandtheFury喧哗与骚动
F.ScottFitzgerald
TheGreatGatsby大亨小传∕伟大的盖茨比
NathanielHawthorne
TheScarletLetter红字
ErnestHemingway
TheSunAlsoRises太阳照常升起,
TheOldManandtheSea、老人与海
JackLondon
TheCalloftheWild野性的呼唤
MartinEden马丁•伊登
JohnSteinbeck
TheGrapesofWrath愤怒的葡萄
HarrietBeecherStowe
UncleTom‘sCabin汤姆叔叔的小屋
MarkTwain
TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn哈克贝利•费恩历险记
2.AmericanLiterature-2
SherwoodAnderson
Winesburg,Ohio小城故事∕小城畸人
JamesBaldwin
GoTellItontheMountain高山上的呼喊
SaulBellow
SeizetheDay勿失良辰,HendersontheRainKing雨王韩德森
WillamS.Burroughs
TheNakedLunch裸体午餐
WillaCatherMyAntonia我的安东尼亚
KateChopin
TheAwakening觉醒
StephenCrane
TheRedBadgeofCourage红色英勇勋章
RalphEllison
InvisibleMan隐形人
AlexHaley
Roots根
JosephHeller
Catch-22第22条军规
JamesJones
FromHeretoEternity乱世忠魂
MaxineHongKingston
TheWomanWarrior 女勇士
2.AmericanLiterature-2
Harperlee
ToKillaMockingbird杀死一只知更鸟
SinclairLewis
MainStreet 大街
NormanMailer
TheNakedandtheDead 裸者与死者
CarsonMcCullers
TheHeartIsaLonelyHunter心是孤独的猎手∕寂寞的心
JamesA.Michener
Centennial
MargaretMitchell
GonewiththeWind飘∕乱世佳人
ToniMorrison
TheBluestEye最蓝的眼睛
VladimirNabokov
Lolita洛丽塔
FrankNorris
TheOctopus章鱼
J.D.Salinger
TheCatcherintheRye麦田守望者
ErichSegalMan,
WomanandChild男人、女人和孩子
UptonSinclair
TheJungle丛林
WilliamStyron
Sophie'sChoice苏菲亚的选择∕苏菲的抉择
AliceWalker
TheColorPurple紫色
RobertPennWarren
AlltheKing'sMen国王供奉的人们∕国王班底
EdithWharton
TheAgeofInnocence纯真年代
ThorntonWilder
TheBridgeofSanLuisRey圣路易•莱之桥∕圣路易斯雷德大桥
ThomasWolfe
LookHomeward,Angel天使，望故乡
HermanWouk
TheWindsofWar战争风云
RichardWright
NativeSon土生子
3.CanadianLiterature
MorleyCallaghan
ThatSummerinParis
NorthropFrye
TheGreatCode
MargaretLaurence
TheStoneAngel天使不流泪∕石头天使
StephenLeacock
SunshineSketchesofaLittleTown阳光素描一个小城市∕小镇阳光随笔
MalcolmLowry
UndertheVolcano在火山下
HughMacLennan
TheWatchThatEndstheNight
L.M.Montgomery
AnneofGreenGables绿墙内的安妮∕绿屋顶家的安妮
4.AustralianLiterature
MartinBoyd
LucindaBrayford露辛达•布雷福特
PeterCarey
OscarandLucinda奥斯卡•露辛达
MilesFranklin
MyBrilliantCareer我的璀璨生涯
ThomasKeneally
Schindler‘sArk辛德勒的方舟
AlexMiller
TheAncestorGame在祖先游戏
HenryHandelRichardson
TheFortunesofRichardMahony麦昂妮的命运
ChristinaStead
TheManWhoLovedChildren爱孩子的人
RandolphStow
TotheIslands
PatrickWhiteVoss芙丝
TheTreeofMan人树
5.Approachesofliterarycriticism
Biographicalcriticism
传记式批评
Culturalstudiescriticism
文化研究批评
Deconstructivecriticism
解构主义批评
Ecocriticism
生态批评
Feministcriticism
女性主义批评
Formalisticcriticism
形式主义批评
Historicalcriticism
历史批评
Narrativecriticism
叙事学批评
Reader-responsecriticism
读者反应批评
Sociologicalcriticism
社会学批评
Post-colonialcriticism
后殖民批评
Practicalcriticism
实践批评
Psychologicalcriticism
心理批评
Structuralcriticism
结构主义批评
6.Majorliteraryschools
Classicismandneoclassicism；
Romanticism；
Realism；
Naturalism；
Modernism；
Postmodernism；
7.Categoriesofliterature
Imaginativeliterature:
1）Prose/Narrativefiction:
myths,parables,romances,novelsandshortstories
2）Poetry
3）Drama
Nonfictionprose:
essays,newsreports,featurearticles,historicalandbiologicalworks…
8.Fiction
Subdivision:
Novel,novelette,andshortstory（fictionalwritingsinprose）
ChiefElementsofFiction:
plot,character,characterization,setting,pointofview,style,irony,theme,tone
Howtoreadfiction:
Studytheplot;Analyzethecharacter;Identifythesetting;Examinethenarrativepointofview;Analyzethestyle,toneandlanguage;Focusonsymbolismandallegory;Identifythethemes
9.Drama:
Elements:
Plot;Character;DialogueStaging;Music;Theme
Category:
Tragedy;Comedy;Tragicomedy;Domesticdramaandmelodrama
10.Essay:
Category:
Theclassicessays;Theperiodicalessay;Thephilosophicalessay;Thebiographicalessay;Literarycriticism
Technique:
argumentation ;exposition ;Characterization ;Narration ;Description ;cause-and-effect
10.Poetry :
Category :
Narrative:
epic,romance,ballad,dramaticmonologue,
Lyric:
elegy,epigram,sonnet,sestina,villanelle,ode,
Forms:
Rhymingforms:
Triplet/tercet三行节
Quatrain四行诗
Sonnet十四行诗
Couplet双行诗
（heroiccouplet英雄双行体）
Rhymeroyal君王诗体
Ottavarima八行体
Quintet
Spenserianstanza斯宾塞的九行诗
Sestet
Octet
BlankVerseandFreeVerse
Ryhme:
endrhyme
尾韵
internalrhyme
行内韵
full/exact/perfectrhyme
精确韵
imperfectrhyme
不精确韵/斜韵/近似韵
femininerhyme
阴韵
masculinerhyme
阳韵
Alliteration
头韵
Assonance
半谐音
consonance
Figuresofspeech
allegory;ambiguity;apostrophe;conceit;contrast;hyperbole;irony;oxymoron;personification;symbolism;synecdoche;metonymy;allusion;paradox;understatement;imagery;simile;metaphor
ReadingSteps
1.Readthroughformainideas2.Identifythespeaker3.Decidethetoneofthepoem
4.Trytofollowthepunctuation5.Readthepoemnaturally
vRhetorical[rɪˈtɒrɪkəl]features
1.Simile英['simili]n.明喻—Like,as
2.Metaphor英[ˈmɛtəfə;ˈmɛtəˌfɔː]隐喻
3.Synecdoche英[si'nekdəki]n.提喻法（以局体全，以抽象代具体）
提喻是不直接说某一事物的名称，而是借事物的本身所呈现的各种对应的现象来表现该事物的这样一种修辞手段。
提喻又称举偶法。
提喻与换喻（借代）不同，换喻主要借助于密切的关系与联想，而提喻则是借助于部分相似。
Outside,（thereis）aseaoffaces.（以人体的局部代全体，即以faces表示people）
Theysharethesameroof.他们住在一起。
（以部分代全体，即用roof屋顶，表示house屋子、住宅）
ItwasreportedthatChinawonthevolleyballmatch.椐报载：
在这次排球赛中，中国队赢了。
（以国家名称China代该国球队theChineseVolleyballTeam）
4.Personificationn.拟人,人格化,拟人法
Thestarsdancedplayfullyinthemoonlitsky.
Thewordsappearedtoleapoffofthepaperasshereadthestory
5.Hyperbole英[hai'pə:
bəli]n.夸张法；夸张，言过其实
“I’vetoldyouamilliontimes”
“Itwassocold,Isawpolarbearswearingjackets”
“Sheissodumb,shethinksTacoBellisaMexicanphonecompany”
6.Rhetoricalrepetition叠言，排比
7.Metonymy英[mɪˈtɒnɪmɪ]借代，也有通感的作用=n.转喻；换喻
Metonymy（/mɨˈtɒnɨmi/mi-tonn-ə-mee）[1]isafigureofspeechinwhichathingorconceptiscallednotbyitsownnamebutratherbythenameofsomethingassociatedinmeaningwiththatthingorconcept.[2]
Forinstance,"Hollywood"isusedasametonymfortheU.S.filmindustry
"Westminster"（ParliamentoftheUnitedKingdom）or"Washington"（UnitedStatesgovernment）.[4]Anotherexampleisdrinkingaglass,whereglassisusedinplaceofitscontents.
8.Onomatopoeia英[ɔnəumætəu'pi:
ə]n.拟声,拟声语,声喻法
Anonomatopoeiaisawordthatphoneticallyimitatesorsuggeststhesourceofthesoundthatitdescribes.
9.Irony英['airəni]n.讽刺；反语；具有讽刺意味的事
10.Synesthesia英[sinis'θi:
ʒə,-ʒiə]通感
联觉（Synesthesia），又译共感觉、通感或联感，一词源自古希腊语σύν（syn）,"共同"，和αἴσθησις（aisthēsis）,"感觉"。
这是一种具有神经基础的感知状态，表示一种感官刺激或认知途径会自发且非主动地引起另一种感知或认识
Asimpleexampleis"coolcolours."Thisisconsideredsynesthesiabecausetheadjective"cool"isnormallyassociatedwithtemperature,whereascoloursarevisual.Simplystatingthatacolourrepresentsadegreeoftemperaturewouldbeabsurd,andyet"cool"and"warm"arecommonlyusedtodescribecolourswhendecoratingahouse,forexample.
"Thesunissilent"createsavividatmosphere,onewherethesunispresent,butitis"silent,"bringingnowarmthorcomfort.Italsogivestheideathattheregioniseerieandfr
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