小学英语语法复习要点.docx
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小学英语语法复习要点
小学英语语法复习要点
一、名词
可数名词:
表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。
可数名词有单复数形式,其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。
可数名词复数规则:
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:
bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:
family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:
knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet,tooth-teeth
fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词:
表示不能个别存在的事物,如液体类,气体类的物质;少数固体类的物质(grass草,ice冰),抽象的名词(help帮助,music音乐)。
不可数名词没有复数(如somewater),不能与不定冠词连用。
写出下列各词的复数
photo____________diary____________day_____________dress_______________
thief___________yo-yo___________peach___________juice________________
water____________rice______________tea______________man____________
woman____________banana___________bus___________child____________
foot_____________sheep____________leaf(树叶)________dish____________
knife_____________pen____________boy__________baby___________
map_____________city____________box__________book___________
class____________eye____________office________car____________
fox(狐狸)___________watch____________library________pear___________
skirt____________shelf_____________cinema__________tomato_________
tooth____________wife____________Englishman________paper__________
milk___________Frenchman___________postman__________family__________
mouse__________people(人们)__________fish_________brush________
mango__________Japanese____________sandwich__________
policeman____________watermelon______________Chinese_____________
strawberry___________match_________________glass__________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能:
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如:
Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:
Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如:
Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成:
1.be动词:
主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
如:
Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。
注意:
(我用am,你用are,三单is,复数are。
)
2.行为动词:
主语+行为动词(+其它)。
如:
WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。
注意:
(当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如:
MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
)
一般现在时的变化:
1.be动词的变化。
肯定句:
主语+be+其它。
如:
Heisaworker.他是工人。
否定句:
主语+be+not+其它。
Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:
Be+主语+其它。
(be动词移到句首)
如:
Iamastudent.
-Areyouastudent?
-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Mybikeisunderthetree.
Isyourbikeunderthetree?
Whereisyourbike?
2.行为动词的变化。
肯定句:
主语+动词原形(+其它)。
否定句:
主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。
如:
Ilikebread.
Idon'tlikebread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。
如:
Heofterplaysfootball.
Hedoesn'toftenplayfootball.
一般疑问句:
Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。
(句首加助动词do,does)
如:
Ioftenplayfootball.
-Doyouoftenplayfootball?
-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。
如:
Shegoestoschoolbybike.
-Doesshegotoschoolbybike?
-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Shegoestoschoolbybike.
Doesshegotoschoolbybike?
Howdoesshegotoschool?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:
guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:
study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink________go_______stay________make________
look_________have_______pass_______carry____
come________watch______plant_______fly________
study_______brush________do_________teach_______
二、用am,is,are填空
1.I______aboy.______youaboy?
No,I_____not.
2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.
3.Thedog_______tallandfat.
4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.
5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?
6.Where_____yourmother?
She______athome.
7.How_______yourfather?
8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.
9.Whosedress______this?
10.Whosesocks______they?
11.That______myredskirt.
12.Who______I?
13.Thejeans______onthedesk.
14.Here______ascarfforyou.
15.Here______somesweatersforyou.
16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.
17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.
18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.
19.Sometea______intheglass.
20.GaoShan'sshirt_______overthere.
21.Mysister'sname______Nancy.
22.This______notWangFang'spencil.
23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland?
24.There______agirlintheroom.
25.There______someapplesonthetree.
26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?
27._______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?
28.There_______somebreadontheplate.
29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.
30.You,heandI______fromChina.
三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.
2.DavidandTom_______(be)inClassOne.
3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.
4.Mike_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?
6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?
7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?
8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
11.Mike_______(like)cooking.
12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.
13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.
14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I_______(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.
16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.
18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.
19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
20.-Whatday_______(be)ittoday?
-It’sSaturday.
四、按照要求改写句子
1.DavidwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
____________________________
3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
_______________________________________________________
____________________________
4.Helenlikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
____________________________________
5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8.JimcomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
________________________________
10.TomandDavidlikegoingskating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?
__________________
2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?
__________________
3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________
4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________
5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________
六、一般现在时翻译练习
1.我们每天七点钟上学。
We________________________atseveno’clock_________________.
2.教室有一些学生。
There________________________intheclassroom.
3苏海英语说得很好。
SuHai_______________very_______.
4.高小姐教英语。
MissGao________________.
5.我父亲起得很早。
Myfather______________early.
6.我们非常喜欢英语。
We_______English______________.
7.他常常步行去上学。
Heusually___________________________________.
8.他努力学习英语。
He________________hard.
9.她学英语吗?
_______she______________?
10.他是做什么工作的?
_______ishis_______?
11.他不在家里做作业。
He_______________________________athome.
12.我们星期天不去学。
We____________________________onSundays.
13.他经常十点钟睡觉。
Heoften__________________________________.
14.有时我五点钟起床。
Sometimes,I____________________________.
15.他们早上七点钟去上学。
They_____________________atseven________________________.
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
(句中一般含有now,look,listen.)
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
如:
Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
如:
Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.
Tomisnotreadingbooksinhisstudy.
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
如:
Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.
IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词+一般疑问句?
(注意:
当划线部分包含谓语动词时,用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首,原划线处应加上doing)
如:
Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.
IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?
IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?
WhatisTomdoinginhisstudy?
WhereisTomreadingbooks?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:
cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:
make-making,taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:
run-running,stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play_____________run______________swim_____________make______________
go______________like____________write______________ski_____________
read_____________have____________sing_____________dance___________
put______________see____________buy_____________love____________
live___________take______________come_____________get_____________
stop____________sit_____________begin____________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!
thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?
She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It's5o'clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow
10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?
Yes,sheis.
三、句型转换:
1.Theyaredoinghouse