冠词语法及练习题附答案.docx
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冠词语法及练习题附答案
高考英语语法复习之冠词专项
冠词分为不定冠词(a,an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。
考点1考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法
(1)表示“一”相当于“one”。
I’llreturninadayortwo.
(2)表示“每”相当于“per”。
Wehavethreemealsaday.
(3)表示类指,表示“某类”,“一类人或事”。
Hewantstobeadoctor.
(4)表示泛指,相当于“any”。
Ahorseisausefulanimal.
(5)与序数词连用,表示“又一,再一”。
asecondforeignlanguage.
(6)与抽象名词连用,可以表示“一场、一次、一件”用于抽象名词具体化的名词前asuccess(具体化)成功的人或事apity可惜或遗憾的事
(7)与物质名词连用,表示“一种,一阵、一份”。
Whataheavyrain!
Whatagoodsupper!
(8)用于不可数名词前,表示某一部分,或某一方面的内容介绍。
Chinawithalonghistoryandapopulationofoverbillionisadevelopingcountry.
(9)用于人名前,或专有名词前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事,
—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn'taMr.Smithhere.
(10)用于同源宾语前
dreamagooddream/smileasweetsmile/liveahappylife
(11)用于固定词组中acoupleof,abit,agreatof,alotof,
onceuponatime,inahurry
考点二、定冠词的用法
(1)用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean
(2)表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事前
Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor
(3)用于演奏西洋乐器前playtheviolin,playtheguitar
(4)用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
therich,theliving,thewounded
(5)表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法9)
—CouldyoutellmethewaytotheJohnsons,please
—Sorry,wedon’thaveaJohnsonhereinthevillage.
(6)与最高级连用
ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.
(7)用于方位名词,身体部位名词Hehitmeontheshoulder.
注意:
表接触或打击身体某部位时,身体部位名词前通常加the.
在“动词+sb.+介词+the+部位”结构中,部位前用the,而且不能省略。
动词是beat,hit,strike,knock,slap,pat等,身体部位是head,shoulder,back等时,介词多为on(in多与theface连用);动词是catch,grasp,seize,pull,take,lead等,部位是hand,collar等时,介词多为by。
(8)用于表示度量单位的名词前bythehour/weight/pound/dozen/foot/day/week/month
(10)在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代inthe1990’s(二十世纪九十年代).
(13)用于单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物(类指)。
InmanyplacesinChina,thebicycleisstillapopularmeansoftransportation.
(14)固定或习惯用法
inthemorning;intheevening;inthefield;inthecountry;inthesun;inthedistance;
考点三、零冠词(即不用冠词)的情况
(1)季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前
(2)表示独一无二的职位,身份,头衔的名词前
(3)表示球类,棋类、学科、语言前等运动的名词前
(4)与by连用表示交通方式的名词前
(5)以and连接的两个相对单位的名词并用时
husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight;facetoface;dayafterday;
(6)名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制
(7)专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前
(8)表示泛指的复数名词前;man泛指一类人前Horsesareusefulanimals.
(9)系动词turn(作“变成”)后作表语的单数可数名词前不用冠词。
Theyounggirlhasturnedwriter.
(10)有一些人身兼多种身份,只在第一个名词前加冠词,但若指不同的人要分别加冠词。
aworkerandwriter工人兼作家aworkerandawriter一个工人和一个作家
(11)形容词的最高级前、序数词前也有不用定冠词的情况。
①“most+形容词原级”作“十分、非常、极”解时,前面不用定冠词。
Oh,it’smostbeautiful.
②当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时,第二个形容词前通常不用定冠词。
Sheisthetallestandfattestgirlinourschool.
③形容词最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时,不能用定冠词。
④序数词前面一般加定冠词,但在second、third等词前加不定冠词表示“又一,再一”之意
注意:
下句中“afirst”表示“第一名、冠军”。
Heoftengetsafirstinmath.
(15)习惯用法
atleastatmostatbreakfastatuniversityatdinner
有些短语不用冠词和用冠词的不同意义
inchargeof负责,管理inthechargeof由……负责
gotochurch去做礼拜gotothechurch去教堂
inprison坐牢intheprison在监狱
inhospital住院(因病)inthehospital在医院(工作、参观等)
infrontof在前面,指某物体之外inthefrontof在前部,指某物之内
takeplace发生taketheplaceof取代
注意:
专有名词前用不定冠词有两种可能:
1表示某姓名的某人或和…相似的人或地方:
HewishestobeanEdison.
②表示某人的作品或某厂家的产品:
IhaveaVanGogh.我有一幅梵高的画。
★虽然a和one都有“一”的意思,但意义不同:
可数名词表泛指时的三种形式
the+单数可数名词,表示一类事物的总体概念;
.ThebikeiseverypopularinChina
a+单数可数名词,侧重类别中的任何一个;
.Evenawomancandoit.
复数可数名词,侧重类别中的许多个体;
.Doyoulikehorses
在下面横线上填上合适的冠词,不用填时画/。
1.Thereis_______ pictureof_______ elephanton_______ wall.
2.Thisis_______ usefulbook.I'vereaditfor_______ hour.
3._______ elephantismuchheavierthan_______ horse.
4._____ doctortoldhimtotake___medicinethreetimes_____ day.
5.Let'sgooutfor_______ walk.
6.It'stoohot.Open_______ door,please.
7.Thereis_______ womanoverthere._______ womanisMeimei'smother.
8._______ sunrisesin_______ east.
9._______ ChangjiangRiveris___longestriverin_______ China.
10.Areyougoingtodoit_______ secondtime
11.Washingtonis_______ capitalof_______ USA.
12._______ Turnersarelivingattheendof_______ TurnerStreet.
13.Hejoinedthearmyin_______ springof_______ 1995.
14._______ oldmanis_______ teacher.Helikesplaying_______ basketballafter_______ supper.
15.AfterIhad_______ quickbreakfast,Ihurriedtoschool.
16.Are_______ sheepkeptby_______ farmersforproducing_______ wooland_______ meat
17.Theywentto_______ People'sPark,butwebothwentto_______ People'sCinemayesterday.
18.Ioftenwatch_______ TVin_______ evening.
19._______ dayof_______ December20,1999isMonday.
20.Tomorrowis_______ ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose _______ Christmastreetoday.
21.—DoesJimhave_______ ruler—Yes,hehasone .
22.Thereis_______ oldbike._______ oldbikeisMrZhao's.
23._______ appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.
24.—Howmanybooksdoyouhave
—Ihaveone book.That's_______ Englishbook.
25.AtthattimeTomwas_______ one-year-oldbaby.
26._______ tigerisfrom China.
27.Wecan'tsee_______ sunat_______ night.
28.What_______ usefulbookitis!
29.Oneafternoonhefound_______ handbag.Therewas_______ “s”onthecornerof_______ handbag.
30.___oldladywithwhitehairspoke___Englishwellat___ meeting.
31._______ GreatWallis_______ longestwallintheworld.
32._______ newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.
33._____ womanoverthereis____popularteacherinourschool.
34.Heusedtobe_______ teacherbutlaterheturned_______ writer.
35.Theymadehim_______ king.
36.Hisfatheris_______ Englishteacher.Heworksinourschool.
37.Ishe_______ Americanboy
38.DoesTomoftenplay_______ footballafter_______ school
39.Theypassedourschool_______ daybeforeyesterday.
40.Australiais_______ English-speakingcountry.
41.Shehas_______ orangeskirt._______ skirtisnice.
42.Thisis_______ apple.It's_______ bigapple.
43.Lookat_______ horseoverthere.
44.Don'tplay_______ basketballhere.It'sdangerous.
45.Thereis_______ oldwomaninthecar.
46.Beijingis_______ beautifulcity.It's_______ capitalofChina.
47.Shanghaiisin_______ eastofChina.
48.I'vebeenastudenttherefornearlytwoand_______ halfyears.
49.Billis_______ Englishteacher.Helikesplaying_______ football.
50.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalf_______ hourtogetthereby_______ bus.
历年高考英语冠词试题
01、(08全国卷II’08)It’snot_____goodideatodriveforfourhourswithout_____break.
02、(08重庆卷’27)InmanyplacesinChina, bicycleisstill poplarmeansoftransportation.
03、(08辽宁卷’24)Myneighboraskedmetogofor______walk,butIdon’tthinkI’vegot______energy.
04、(08山东卷’21)Studentsshouldbeencouragedtouse____Internetas____resource.
05、(08江苏卷’21)Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby____seainsteadofdrivingacross____continent.
06、(08江西卷’30)---Iamsosorrytohavecomelateforthemeeting.
---Itisnotyourfault.With____rush-hourtrafficand____heavyrain,itisnowonderyouwerelate.
07、(08浙江卷’02)____applefellfromthetreeandhithimon______head.
08、(08湖南卷’22)Haveyouheard___newsThepriceof___petrolisgoingupagain!
09、(08陕西卷’10)Iate sandwichwhileIwaswaitingfor 20:
08train.
10、(08四川卷’08)IntheUnitedStates,thereisalways____flowofpeopletoareasof___countrywheremorejobscanbefound.
11.(07江西卷26) Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon______balanceddietandmake roomintheirdayforexercise.
12.(07山东卷21) walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobring packedlunch.
13.(07陕西卷17)In filmCastAway.TomHanksplays mannamedChuckNoland.
14.(07北京卷 22)Ilookedunder_____bedandfound______bookIlostlastweek.
15.(07湖南卷23)Polarbearslivemostlyon_____seaice,whichtheyuseas____platformforhuntingseals.
16.(07江苏卷21)Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat 2008BeijingOlympicGameswillbe success.
17.(07天津卷3)Iwantedtocatch___earlytrain,butcouldn’tget___ridetothestation.
18.(07福建卷22)—Howabout Christmaseveningparty
—Ishouldsayitwas success.
19.(07四川卷22)Howabouttaking______shortbreakIwanttomake______call.
20.(07浙江卷4)Ilike___colorofyourskirt.Itis___goodmatchforyourblouse.
21.(07重庆卷24)Gorgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwas_____Sundaybecauseeverybodywasat_______church.
22.(07辽宁卷21)Christmasis_____specialholidaywhen_______wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.
23.(06全国I30)—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith —Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn’t Mr.Smithhere.
24.(06全国II19)Iknowyoudon’tlike_____musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyourthinkof______musicinthefilmwesawyesterday
25.(06北京卷26)―Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover keyboard.
―Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear computer.
26.(06重庆卷25)Everywheremanhascutdown_____forestsinordertogrowcrops,ortouse_____woodasfuelorasbuildingmaterial.
27.(06山东卷21)Forhim____stageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.
28.(06浙江卷3)--Don’tworryifyoucan’tcometo___party.--I’llsavesomecakeforyou.
29.(06陕西卷15)Accordingto______WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent_________spreadofAIDS.
30.(06辽宁卷21)Ofall reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewas most importantone.
31.(06四川卷27)---Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty ---Yes.I’veneverbeento ____moreexciting onebefore.
32.(06湖南卷22)In_____reviewof44studies,Americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof_____heartdiseaseby76%.
33.(06安徽卷22)