冠词语法及练习题附答案.docx

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冠词语法及练习题附答案.docx

冠词语法及练习题附答案

高考英语语法复习之冠词专项

冠词分为不定冠词(a,an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。

考点1考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法

(1)表示“一”相当于“one”。

I’llreturninadayortwo.

(2)表示“每”相当于“per”。

Wehavethreemealsaday.

(3)表示类指,表示“某类”,“一类人或事”。

Hewantstobeadoctor.

(4)表示泛指,相当于“any”。

Ahorseisausefulanimal.

(5)与序数词连用,表示“又一,再一”。

asecondforeignlanguage.

(6)与抽象名词连用,可以表示“一场、一次、一件”用于抽象名词具体化的名词前asuccess(具体化)成功的人或事apity可惜或遗憾的事

(7)与物质名词连用,表示“一种,一阵、一份”。

Whataheavyrain!

Whatagoodsupper!

(8)用于不可数名词前,表示某一部分,或某一方面的内容介绍。

Chinawithalonghistoryandapopulationofoverbillionisadevelopingcountry.

(9)用于人名前,或专有名词前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事,

—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn'taMr.Smithhere.

(10)用于同源宾语前

dreamagooddream/smileasweetsmile/liveahappylife

(11)用于固定词组中acoupleof,abit,agreatof,alotof,

onceuponatime,inahurry

考点二、定冠词的用法

(1)用于世上独一无二的事物名词前

theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean

(2)表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事前

Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor

(3)用于演奏西洋乐器前playtheviolin,playtheguitar

(4)用于形容词和分词前表示一类人

therich,theliving,thewounded

(5)表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法9)

—CouldyoutellmethewaytotheJohnsons,please

—Sorry,wedon’thaveaJohnsonhereinthevillage.

(6)与最高级连用

ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.

(7)用于方位名词,身体部位名词Hehitmeontheshoulder.

注意:

表接触或打击身体某部位时,身体部位名词前通常加the.

在“动词+sb.+介词+the+部位”结构中,部位前用the,而且不能省略。

动词是beat,hit,strike,knock,slap,pat等,身体部位是head,shoulder,back等时,介词多为on(in多与theface连用);动词是catch,grasp,seize,pull,take,lead等,部位是hand,collar等时,介词多为by。

(8)用于表示度量单位的名词前bythehour/weight/pound/dozen/foot/day/week/month

(10)在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代inthe1990’s(二十世纪九十年代).

(13)用于单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物(类指)。

InmanyplacesinChina,thebicycleisstillapopularmeansoftransportation.

(14)固定或习惯用法

inthemorning;intheevening;inthefield;inthecountry;inthesun;inthedistance;

考点三、零冠词(即不用冠词)的情况

(1)季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前

(2)表示独一无二的职位,身份,头衔的名词前

(3)表示球类,棋类、学科、语言前等运动的名词前

(4)与by连用表示交通方式的名词前

(5)以and连接的两个相对单位的名词并用时

husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight;facetoface;dayafterday;

(6)名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制

(7)专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前

(8)表示泛指的复数名词前;man泛指一类人前Horsesareusefulanimals.

(9)系动词turn(作“变成”)后作表语的单数可数名词前不用冠词。

Theyounggirlhasturnedwriter.

(10)有一些人身兼多种身份,只在第一个名词前加冠词,但若指不同的人要分别加冠词。

aworkerandwriter工人兼作家aworkerandawriter一个工人和一个作家

(11)形容词的最高级前、序数词前也有不用定冠词的情况。

①“most+形容词原级”作“十分、非常、极”解时,前面不用定冠词。

Oh,it’smostbeautiful.

②当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时,第二个形容词前通常不用定冠词。

Sheisthetallestandfattestgirlinourschool.

③形容词最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时,不能用定冠词。

④序数词前面一般加定冠词,但在second、third等词前加不定冠词表示“又一,再一”之意

注意:

下句中“afirst”表示“第一名、冠军”。

Heoftengetsafirstinmath.

(15)习惯用法

atleastatmostatbreakfastatuniversityatdinner

有些短语不用冠词和用冠词的不同意义

inchargeof负责,管理inthechargeof由……负责

gotochurch去做礼拜gotothechurch去教堂

inprison坐牢intheprison在监狱

inhospital住院(因病)inthehospital在医院(工作、参观等)

infrontof在前面,指某物体之外inthefrontof在前部,指某物之内

takeplace发生taketheplaceof取代

注意:

专有名词前用不定冠词有两种可能:

1表示某姓名的某人或和…相似的人或地方:

HewishestobeanEdison.

②表示某人的作品或某厂家的产品:

IhaveaVanGogh.我有一幅梵高的画。

★虽然a和one都有“一”的意思,但意义不同:

可数名词表泛指时的三种形式

the+单数可数名词,表示一类事物的总体概念;

.ThebikeiseverypopularinChina

a+单数可数名词,侧重类别中的任何一个;

.Evenawomancandoit.

复数可数名词,侧重类别中的许多个体;

.Doyoulikehorses

 

在下面横线上填上合适的冠词,不用填时画/。

1.Thereis_______ pictureof_______ elephanton_______ wall.

2.Thisis_______ usefulbook.I'vereaditfor_______ hour.

3._______ elephantismuchheavierthan_______ horse.

4._____ doctortoldhimtotake___medicinethreetimes_____ day.

5.Let'sgooutfor_______ walk.

6.It'stoohot.Open_______ door,please.

7.Thereis_______ womanoverthere._______ womanisMeimei'smother.

8._______ sunrisesin_______ east.

9._______ ChangjiangRiveris___longestriverin_______ China.

10.Areyougoingtodoit_______ secondtime

11.Washingtonis_______ capitalof_______ USA.

12._______ Turnersarelivingattheendof_______ TurnerStreet.

13.Hejoinedthearmyin_______ springof_______ 1995.

14._______ oldmanis_______ teacher.Helikesplaying_______ basketballafter_______ supper.

15.AfterIhad_______ quickbreakfast,Ihurriedtoschool.

16.Are_______ sheepkeptby_______ farmersforproducing_______ wooland_______ meat

17.Theywentto_______ People'sPark,butwebothwentto_______ People'sCinemayesterday.

18.Ioftenwatch_______ TVin_______ evening.

19._______ dayof_______ December20,1999isMonday.

20.Tomorrowis_______ ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose _______ Christmastreetoday.

21.—DoesJimhave_______ ruler—Yes,hehasone .

22.Thereis_______ oldbike._______ oldbikeisMrZhao's.

23._______ appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.

24.—Howmanybooksdoyouhave

—Ihaveone book.That's_______ Englishbook.

25.AtthattimeTomwas_______ one-year-oldbaby.

26._______ tigerisfrom China.

27.Wecan'tsee_______ sunat_______ night.

28.What_______ usefulbookitis!

29.Oneafternoonhefound_______ handbag.Therewas_______ “s”onthecornerof_______ handbag.

30.___oldladywithwhitehairspoke___Englishwellat___ meeting.

31._______ GreatWallis_______ longestwallintheworld.

32._______ newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.

33._____ womanoverthereis____popularteacherinourschool.

34.Heusedtobe_______ teacherbutlaterheturned_______ writer.

35.Theymadehim_______ king.

36.Hisfatheris_______ Englishteacher.Heworksinourschool.

37.Ishe_______ Americanboy

38.DoesTomoftenplay_______ footballafter_______ school

39.Theypassedourschool_______ daybeforeyesterday.

40.Australiais_______ English-speakingcountry.

41.Shehas_______ orangeskirt._______ skirtisnice.

42.Thisis_______ apple.It's_______ bigapple.

43.Lookat_______ horseoverthere.

44.Don'tplay_______ basketballhere.It'sdangerous.

45.Thereis_______ oldwomaninthecar.

46.Beijingis_______ beautifulcity.It's_______ capitalofChina.

47.Shanghaiisin_______ eastofChina.

48.I'vebeenastudenttherefornearlytwoand_______ halfyears.

49.Billis_______ Englishteacher.Helikesplaying_______ football.

50.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalf_______ hourtogetthereby_______ bus.

历年高考英语冠词试题

01、(08全国卷II’08)It’snot_____goodideatodriveforfourhourswithout_____break.

02、(08重庆卷’27)InmanyplacesinChina,      bicycleisstill      poplarmeansoftransportation.

03、(08辽宁卷’24)Myneighboraskedmetogofor______walk,butIdon’tthinkI’vegot______energy.

04、(08山东卷’21)Studentsshouldbeencouragedtouse____Internetas____resource.

05、(08江苏卷’21)Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby____seainsteadofdrivingacross____continent.

06、(08江西卷’30)---Iamsosorrytohavecomelateforthemeeting.

     ---Itisnotyourfault.With____rush-hourtrafficand____heavyrain,itisnowonderyouwerelate.

07、(08浙江卷’02)____applefellfromthetreeandhithimon______head.

08、(08湖南卷’22)Haveyouheard___newsThepriceof___petrolisgoingupagain!

09、(08陕西卷’10)Iate      sandwichwhileIwaswaitingfor       20:

08train.

10、(08四川卷’08)IntheUnitedStates,thereisalways____flowofpeopletoareasof___countrywheremorejobscanbefound.

11.(07江西卷26) Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon______balanceddietandmake       roomintheirdayforexercise.

12.(07山东卷21)     walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobring       packedlunch.

13.(07陕西卷17)In    filmCastAway.TomHanksplays    mannamedChuckNoland.

14.(07北京卷 22)Ilookedunder_____bedandfound______bookIlostlastweek.

15.(07湖南卷23)Polarbearslivemostlyon_____seaice,whichtheyuseas____platformforhuntingseals.  

16.(07江苏卷21)Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat     2008BeijingOlympicGameswillbe     success.

17.(07天津卷3)Iwantedtocatch___earlytrain,butcouldn’tget___ridetothestation.

18.(07福建卷22)—Howabout        Christmaseveningparty 

—Ishouldsayitwas        success.  

19.(07四川卷22)Howabouttaking______shortbreakIwanttomake______call.

20.(07浙江卷4)Ilike___colorofyourskirt.Itis___goodmatchforyourblouse.

21.(07重庆卷24)Gorgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwas_____Sundaybecauseeverybodywasat_______church.

 22.(07辽宁卷21)Christmasis_____specialholidaywhen_______wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.

23.(06全国I30)—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith —Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn’t     Mr.Smithhere.

24.(06全国II19)Iknowyoudon’tlike_____musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyourthinkof______musicinthefilmwesawyesterday

25.(06北京卷26)―Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover     keyboard.

   ―Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear       computer.

26.(06重庆卷25)Everywheremanhascutdown_____forestsinordertogrowcrops,ortouse_____woodasfuelorasbuildingmaterial.

27.(06山东卷21)Forhim____stageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.

28.(06浙江卷3)--Don’tworryifyoucan’tcometo___party.--I’llsavesomecakeforyou.

29.(06陕西卷15)Accordingto______WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent_________spreadofAIDS.

30.(06辽宁卷21)Ofall      reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewas         most importantone.

31.(06四川卷27)---Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty  ---Yes.I’veneverbeento ____moreexciting onebefore.

32.(06湖南卷22)In_____reviewof44studies,Americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof_____heartdiseaseby76%.

33.(06安徽卷22)

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