英语词汇近义词分类整理.docx

英语词汇近义词分类整理.docx

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英语词汇近义词分类整理

高考英语近义词（分类）整理

动词类：

1“看”   look看的动作/see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察;Notice注意catchsightof看见/      stare好奇地看/glare瞪着看

          Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见      seeafilm watchTV

2“说” tellsthtosb.=tellsbsth告诉的内容  talkwithsbaboutsth强调说话者之间的交流   Saysth诉说的内容 speakinEnglish说的语言 whispersthtosb 耳语       Informsbofsth 通知某人某事 reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth 说服某人做某事 bargain讨价还价  chat聊天  repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 Discuss 讨论debate辩论 figure指出declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨

3“叫” cry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh叹气 quarrel大吵 

4“问” ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达 question审问

5“答” answer回答 respond回应（用其他方式回应） reply回复 

6“听”listento听的动作 hear听的结果 pickup收听 overhear无意听到

7“写” dictate听写 writesth 写 describe描写 dropaline 写信 draw画 

takedown/writedown写下，记下

8“拿/放”take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry扛，挑 （无方向性） fetch拿来拿去 lift举 put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉/push推

9“抓”  takeholdof 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠

10“打”hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮 

attack攻击 

11“扔”throw扔 drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇

12“送”send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 seeoff给某人送行

13“摸/抱”touch摸 /fold折叠  /embrace拥抱 /hug抱/hold 握   inone’sarms

14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/tip 轻敲

15“行” walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑fly   crawl 匍匐前进

16“坐” sitdown beseated seatoneself takeaseat/stand站，耸立/lean斜靠

17“睡/休息”lie/onone’sback/ononeside/onone’sstomach stayinbed havearest     takeanap打盹 beasleep bend turnover翻身 rest

18“笑”smile 微笑（不出声） laugh burstintolaughter burstoutlaughing  

19“哭” cry shedtears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burstintotears /burstoutcrying

20“找/查”find找到 lookfor正在找过程 findout查明 discover/explore 发现/探索

 huntfor searchfor seek /seekfor    insearchof寻找  Searchsb 搜身  searchsp.forsth 为某物而搜寻某地

       check检查，核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测，检验 inspect视察

21“穿”  puton 动作 wear穿戴 haveon试穿 bedressedin 穿的状态make-up化装

getchanged换衣服 beinred   Takeoff  脱 remove 去除

22“吃/喝”eat/drink sip吮吸 haveameal havesupper toast taste

 treatsbto请某人吃   helponeselfto 随便吃

23“得” get obtain acquire获得知识和技能 gain possess

24“失” lose 丢了 belost /bemissing人错过失踪，不见 gone不见（物）  greatloss  die  dieoff相继死去  dieaway 逐渐消失

25“有” have   有 own是自己的 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess   

26“无”nothingleft   theremainingthing   disappear  be missing/gone

27“增/减”    rise/ goup /drop                  

人主动抬价 raise/bringdown/reduce increase/decrease

28“买/卖”buy purchase afford pay  payoff payfor sell onsale bargain

       Bill/  cheque/  cash/ creditcard notes/coins discounts

29“存在/消失”comeintobeing exist appear survive  live show turnup

              Disappeardie  dieout  passaway beoutofsight

30“变化”develop improve become grow  go+bad/wrong/sour/without（ negativeadj.） turn+clour change/changeinto   reform

31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know/learnrealize

Understand  remember  befamiliarwith  recall recite apply to

32“成功/失败”makeit succeed makeprogress cometrue realizeone’sdream win

            Lose  failtodo  failure defeat sufferlossbeat turnsth.Intoreality

33“努力”try/manage makeefforts attempt doonesbest doasmuchasonecantodo

34祝贺 congratulationsonsb celebrate observe 庆祝 gettogether 聚会

35赞美/批评 praise thinkhighlyof/  blamesbforsth/sbistoblame   

criticize/scoldsb.forsth.  havealowopinionofsb    Speakillof

36喜/恶 like love befondof bekeenon becrazyabout adore beinto preferenjoy infavorof   dislike  hate be awful/disgusting   ignore turnoff

37判断 think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt

38到达 arriveat  reach  returnto  getto  stayinsp  visit  leave leavefor 

onone’swayto  uponone’sarrival ondoingsth

39受伤 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed getburnt sufferfrom

sufferaloss

40损坏 damage destroy ruin breakdown  bebroken crash

41修复 repair rebuild restore fix    recoveroneself

42支持/反对 agree disagree accept receive  refuse turndown

 beagainst elect  votefor/against

43 做饭 cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush coveruncover cooker

44 建议 advise suggest recommend urge propose demand     persuade 说服

45 花费 sth/doingsth+cost  sb+spend+indoingsth  Sb+afford+n/todosth 

It+takesometime/money/energy+todosth   sb+pay+$forsth. atone’sexpense

46 省/存钱 save/saveup setaside put away  sparenoeffort/time 

47 参加 takepartin   join/joinin   attend competein/for/against

48控告 accusesb.of    chargesb.With  

49 救治 help/helpout  save/rescuesbfromsth. Treat过程 /cure 结果sb.ofsth

     Aidsbindoingsth/todosth helpsbwithsth assistsbindoingsth

50敬佩 admire respect showrespectfor/to adore envy/bejealousy inhonorof

51逃避  ranaway  escapefrom  flee hide

52 阻止/禁止 prevent/keep/stopsb.Fromdoingsth  forbiddoingsth. Ban prohibit

53 对付/处理 handle/dowith/dealwith/tackle/overcomesth   solve settle

54 效仿  copy imitate learnfrom learn

54 爆发/发生 comeabout happento takeplace breakout 

burstout gooff explosion

55安装/装备    fasten fix set equip  

bearmedwith 用什么武装 beequippedwith装备有

56 追求 pursuit ranafter seekafter chase catchupwith赶上 keepupwith跟上

57 想/考虑 thinkof 考虑/+as把什么看成 thinkabout想起 consider 

thinkover仔细考虑 beconcerned 担心 be considerate towardssb.

58 打算 plan/intend/designtodo begoingtodo/beabouttodo/willdo

59 似乎/好象 seem appearlooklike asif asthough

60 开办/关闭 open start setup close/closeup end closedown

名词类“

1假期vacationholiday springbreak askforleave beonholiday havetwodaysoff

2旅游 tripjourney tourvoyagetraveltouristpassenger gocamping/picnicking/hiking

3职务人员 clerksecretarypasser-byfriendministermanagerwaitressguesthosthostess

          Assistantcustomeradultneighborrelativepatient/vetstaffcrewnurseteacher

          Conductor  tailorsailorinventorgardenerguard

4餐馆/定餐/就餐 inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip forkandknife reserve/booktable  Tastedelicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin

5诊所/看病/服药 clinichospitaltakeone’stemperature takemedicine/pillshaveafever/flu/headache doctorphysician surgeon specialist patient

6车站/机场   airport onboard missthetrain/bus catchatrain meetsb.

7身体部位 arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist

8意志   willcouragepatiencedeterminationfaith effort confidence ambitionenergy

9才能/品质 talentgiftability potential intelligentpromisingsmartstupidcarefulproud

         Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable

10优缺点 advantage disadvantage strength weakness

11目标  aim goal intention purpose belief faith

12方式 means method way manner approach

13身体素质 strongweakpalesickill bewell keepslim/fit cutweight/putonweight 

14图表 photopicturegraphdrawingtableline/bargraph piechart drawasketch 划草图

15文章 reading translationessaypoempapernovel/fiction articlemagazinenewspaper journal 日志 diary日记 Files  form makealistof

16课堂classcourselectureexamplereasonmessagenoteswordsphrasescholarshipdegree

      Subjectquestiontroubledifficultygradesreadcomment marks

17 学校活动 match game activity holdameeting/debate/speech/ceremony

18建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal viewrecommendation

19气候/天气 climateweatherstormwindycloudyrainysnowhot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth 

20交通 bytrain/bus/boatbike onthetrain/bus/abike driveacar rideabike 

 givesb.alift/ride

21习惯 habit custom getusedto regular有规律的（形容词） practice惯例（名词）

22感觉 sight hearing touch smell sense

23情感 feeling emotion anger  delight sadness sorrow

24 财富 moneypossessionswealthbelongingsfortunestreasurediamond berich/well-off

25 运动比赛 ontheplayground  onthetrackandfiled pitch event game match sportsplayer  Coach judge jogging weightlifting playvolleyball/soccer/

26衣服  clothes,cloth,clothing　clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof

27事件 incident,accident　 incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故

形容词类

1人的各种感受

乐happy delighted toone’sjoy pleased amused

悲 sad unhappy painful bitter

平静 calm quiet silent/still peaceful

烦bother bored befedupwith 

震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed 

怕 infear befrightened/scared/afraid

失望desperate disappointed hopeless bedepressed

满意besatisfied with/becontenttodo 

生气 Annoyed angry disgusting burstintorage

2 表程度的副词类

 narrowly/ Nearly/almost   hardly/hard  extremely/very  very/quite

 accidently/onceinawhile  occasionally/once   far/byfar

 Farther/further  better/worse bewell/good however/therefore/so/thus

易考的近义词组

run/manage       grow/plant    leave/remain  fit/suit/match 

Hit/beat/strike     meet/satisfy   touch/feel    play/performer

 Contain/hold/seat/fill  lie/sit/locate  help/work/do

Fall/sink/drop      matter/problem/trouble/   money/account

 Cause/reason     that’swhy/that’sbecause  because/since,as/for

Last/continue     keep/stay/  treat/cure/operate  separate/divide

Stand/bear/tolerate/hold    turn/become/go change/vary/range

Provide/supply/offer/give/send   

完形填空高频词组

1．withthehelpof 在～～帮助下     

2．undertheleadership/careof 在～～领导／关心下

3．bestrictwithsb. 对～人要求严格   

4．bestrictinsth. 对～事要求严格

5．atpresent=atthepresenttime 目前 

6．forthepresent 暂时

7．inthesun/sunshine 在阳光下      

8．underthesun 在世界上

9．liein 位于～～之内             

10．lieon 同～～接壤         

11．lieto 位于～～之外

12．atleast 至少                    

13．intheleast 丝毫，一点

14．byname 名叫