新高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题一阅读理解第三节题组练习6社会文化.docx
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新高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题一阅读理解第三节题组练习6社会文化
第三节题组练习
A
(2017·第三次全国大联考)
AskanyAmericanwhathe/sheisdoingonSunday,February7andtheanswerislikelytobeeitherhostingorattendingaSuperBowlParty.PlayedforthetitleoftheNationalFootballLeagueChampion,SuperBowlisthemostwatchedannualtelevisionprogramintheUnitedStates.
That’sbecauseSuperBowlwhichiscelebratingitsGoldenAnniversarythisyear,ismorethanjusta60-minutefootballgame—itisawell-designedproductionthatfeatureshalf-timeperformances,fireworksshowsandtelevisionadsthatpeoplediscussfordays.
Butmostimportantofall,itisthedaytosetasidealldietsandenjoyfoodsonewouldnormallyavoidoratleastnotconsumeatthesametime.Itshould,therefore,comeasnosurprisethatSuperBowlSundayisoneofthebiggestfoodconsumptiondaysintheUS—secondonlytoThanksgiving.
Thenoshingwillstartearlyintheday,longbeforematchesbeginandcontinuelongafterthe2016NFLChampionshaveretiredtocelebrate.
Asaresult,itisestimatedthatonSunday,thenationwillconsume1.2millionpoundsofpotatochips,8.2millionpoundsoftortillachips,3.8millionpoundsofpopcornand3millionpoundsofnuts.
Whentherealhungerpainsstarttohit,theywillseekoutcomfortfoods.Notsurprisingly,pizzatopsthelist.Chickenwingsarealsoverypopular.Itisestimatedthatalmost1.3billionwingswillbeconsumedonSuperBowlSunday.Otherfavoritesincludebacon,hotdogsandburgers.
Butthefoodconsumptionisnotwithoutconsequences.Datareleasedindicatesthatantacid(解酸药)salesincreaseby20%ontheMondayfollowingthebiggame.Additionally,oversevenmillionAmericanscallinsick.ItisnowonderthatfanshavebeenurgingthegovernmenttodeclareSuperBowlMondayaholiday.
语篇解读 一年一度的美国超级橄榄球杯大赛不仅是全美收视率最高的电视节目,而且超级碗星期天也是美国单日食品消费量最高的节日之一,食品消费量仅次于感恩节。
1.WhydoesSuperBowlbecomethemostpopulartelevisionprogram?
A.Itisthelongestfootballgame.
B.Itishostedbyfamousfilmstars.
C.Itcontainsthemostwonderfulads.
D.Itinvolvesvariousperformances.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
由第二段中的“itisawell-designedproductionthatfeatureshalf-timeperformances,fireworksshowsandtelevisionadsthatpeoplediscussfordays”可知选D。
2.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“noshing”inParagraph4?
A.Playing.B.Eating.
C.Competing.D.Resting.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。
前后段均介绍在超级橄榄球杯大赛期间食品的消费情况,由此判断选B。
3.Whichcomfortfoodisconsumedthemost?
A.Hotdogs.B.Pizza.
C.Nuts.D.Chickenwings.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
根据第六段前两句“Whentherealhungerpainsstarttohit,theywillseekoutcomfortfoods.Notsurprisingly,pizzatopsthelist.”可知选B。
4.WhatbadresultmightSuperBowlSundayleadto?
A.Lotsoffoodiswasted.
B.Publicdisorderiscaused.
C.Somepeoplehaveanupsetstomach.
D.Manypeoplelosetheirwork.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。
根据末段中“Datareleasedindicatesthatantacid(解酸药)salesincreaseby20%ontheMondayfollowingthebiggame.Additionally,oversevenmillionAmericanscallinsick.”可知人们会因为毫无顾忌地大吃大喝而生病。
故选C。
B
(2017·福建师大附中期中)
Thewalletisheadingforextinction.Asaday-to-dayessential,itwilldieoffwiththegenerationwhoreadprintnewspapers.Thekindofshopping,whereyouhandovernotesandcountoutchangeinreturn,nowhappensonlyinthemostminorofourretailers(零售商),likebuyingabarofchocolateorapintofmilkfromacornershop.Attheshopswhereyouspendanyrealmoney,thatmoneyisincreasinglyabstracted.Andthisismoreandmoretrue,thehigherupthescaleyougo.Atthemostcutting-edge(前沿的)retailstores,VictoriaBeckhamonDoverStreet,forinstance,youdon’tgoandstandatanykindofcashregisterwhenyoudecidetopay.ThestaffareequippedwithiPadstotakeyourpaymentwhileyourelaxonasofa.
Acrosssociety,theabstractionoftheideaofcashmakesmeuneasy.MaybeI’mjustold-fashioned.Butearningmoneyisn’tquickoreasyformostofus.Isn’titabitweird(怪异)thatspendingitshouldhappeninhalfablink(眨眼)ofaneye?
Doesn’tawallet—thattime-honoredFriday-nightfeelingofpleasing,promisingfatness—representsomethingthatmatters?
ButI’llleavetheeconomicstotheexperts.Whatbothersmeaboutthedeathofthewalletisthechangeitrepresentsinourphysicalenvironment.Everythingaboutthelookandfeelofawallet,thewaythematerialswearandtearandloosenwithage,theplasticandpaperandgoldandsilver,andhandwrittenphonenumbersandprintedcinematickets,istheveryoppositeofwhatourworldisbecoming.TheoppositeofawalletisasmartphoneoraniPad.Theroundededges,coolglass,smoothandunknowableasapebble(鹅卵石).Insteadofdiggingthroughpiecesofpaper,wemoveourfingersleftandright.Nomorecountingoutcoins.Showyourwallet,ifyoustillhaveone.Itmaynotbeheremuchlonger.
语篇解读 文章叙述了现代社会,人们的支付方式逐步电子化,传统的钱包正走向消失。
作者对于这种现象所代表的社会发展趋势感到不安。
5.Whatishappeningtothewallet?
A.Itisdisappearing.
B.Itisbecomingcostly.
C.Itisbeingfattened.
D.Itischanginginstyle.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
由文章首句“Thewalletisheadingforextinction.”可知,钱包正在消失。
故选A。
6.Whatmakestheauthorfeeluncomfortablenowadays?
A.Savingmoneyisbecomingathingofthepast.
B.ThepleasingFriday-nightfeelingisfading.
C.Spendingmoneyissofastandeasy.
D.Earningmoneyisgettingmoredifficult.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
由文章第二段前四句可知,金钱概念的抽象化使作者不安,挣钱不容易但在瞬间就会花掉很多钱。
故选C。
7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageabouttheauthor?
A.Heisresistanttosocialchanges.
B.Heisagainsttechnologicalprogress.
C.Hewantstosaygoodbyetothetraditionalwallet.
D.Hefeelsinsecureintheever-changingmodernworld.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
本文主要叙述了传统的钱包在消失,人们的支付方式在发生巨大的变化,作者对于不断改变的社会感到不安。
故选D项。
C
(2017·贵州遵义航天高级中学五模)
EveryyearinAmerica,high-schoolstudentswhowanttogotocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest,orSATinashortenedway.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthemorwhetheranywillbeadmittedatall.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone’smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.
ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,hand-writtenonthespot.That’saninterestingwaytotestwritingability,butcontentaside,haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately?
Oranyone’sforthatmatter,inthisageofcomputerkeyboards?
Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.Theyscribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.
Yettoday’skidsareaskedtowrite,thoughtfullyandclearly,forseveralminutesonthisSATTest.Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl(潦草的字迹)ofyoungpeoplewho’vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree!
Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.Anddon’tforget,weallhavetoturntohandwritingfromtimetotime,ascomputersgodownwhenpowergoesout.
Thenhowtoimprovethehandwriting?
Well,withafewsimplestepsyoucanimproveyourhandwriting.
Positionthepen.Youshouldholdthepenbetweentheforefingerandthethumb,thenrestitnearthefirstknuckle(指节)ofthemiddlefinger.Therestofyourfingersshouldbecurled(卷曲)underyourhandandyourhandshouldremainrelaxed.
Evaluateyourwriting.Makechangestoyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.
Takeyourtime.Speedisboundtomakeyourwritingmessy-looking.
Practice.Practiceitalot;it’snotenoughtodoitonceandhopeforthebest.Ithastobesomethingyouworkattomakegreatimprovements.
语篇解读 文章由SAT考试增加书面表达,引入话题——当前学生不注重书写。
此项改革旨在让学生改掉书写潦草的坏习惯。
8.Theunderlinedword“scribble”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.
A.writequicklyandroughly
B.typesimplyandcorrectly
C.paintclearlyandneatly
D.describeproperlyandwell
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。
由“...haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately?
Oranyone’sforthatmatter,inthisageofcomputerkeyboards?
Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.”可推知学生在课堂上记笔记非常潦草。
故选A。
9.AccordingtoParagraph3,studentswithgoodhandwritingskill.
A.canpasstheSAT
B.candevelopgoodcharacters
C.canimpresstheirclassmates
D.cangetmorejobopportunities
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
由该段第三句“Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.”可知选D。
10.Whichofthefollowingshouldyouavoidwhenimprovingyourhandwriting?
A.Practicingwritingalot.
B.Writingasfastasyoucan.
C.Relaxingyourhandwhenholdingthepen.
D.Changingyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
根据最后四段的内容可知B项是书写时应该避免的。
故选B。
11.Thetextistopresentthefactthat.
A.writingseemstobeveryimportantintheSAT
B.thosewhowillgotocollegehavetotaketheSAT
C.studentsshouldpracticehandwritingmoreoften
D.kidsdon’tknowhowtowriteinthecomputerage
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。
文章由SAT考试增加书面表达,引入话题——当前学生不注重书写。
此项改革旨在让学生改掉书写潦草的坏习惯。
故选C。
D
(2017·贵州遵义航天高级中学四模)
Fightingracialstereotypes(模式化)onUScampusesoftenbeginsbyputtingstudentsofdifferentethnicbackgroundstogether—underonedormitoryroof.
SamBoakyewasafreshmanatOhioStateUniversityandtheonlyblackstudentonhisfloor.Hewasdeterminedtogetgoodgrades—inparttomakesurehiswhiteroommatehadnobasisfornegativeracialviews.“You’repushedtodobetter,tochallengethestereotypethatblackpeoplearenotthatsmart,”hetoldtheNewYorkTimes.
Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthathavingaroommateofadifferentracecanreduceprejudice(偏见),diversify(使多样化)friendshipsandevenpromotestudents’academicperformance.InastudybyOhioStatepsychologyprofessorRussellFazio,blackfreshmenwhocamet