大学英语四级考试试题.docx

大学英语四级考试试题.docx

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大学英语四级考试试题

2004年6月大学英语四级考试试题

PartIListeningcomprehension（略）

PartIIReadingComprehension

PassageOne

Aisforalwaysgettingtoworkontime.

Bisforbeingextremelybusy.

Cisfortheconscientious（勤勤恳恳的）wayyoudoyourjob.

Youmaybeallthesethingsattheoffice,andmore.Butwhenitcomestogettingahead,expertssay,theABCsofbusinessshouldincludeaP,forpolitics,asinofficepolitics.

DaleCarnegiesuggestedasmuchmorethan50yearsago:

Hardworkalonedoesn'tensurecareeradvancement.Youhavetobeabletosellyourselfandyourideas,bothpubliclyandbehindthescenes.Yet,despitetheobviousrewardsofengaginginofficepolitics-abetterjob,araise,praise-manypeoplearestillunableorunwilling-to"playthegame."

"Peopleassumethatofficepoliticsinvolvessomemanipulative（工于心计的）behavior,"saysDeborahComer,anassistantprofessorofmanagementatHofstraUniversity."Butpoliticsderivesfromtheword'polite'.Itcanmeanlobbyingandformingassociations.Itcanmeanbeingkindandhelpful,oreventrying,topleaseyoursuperior,andthenexpectingsomethinginreturn."

   Infact,today,expertsdefineofficepoliticsasproperbehaviorusedtopursueone'sownself-interestintheworkplace.Inmanycases,thisinvolvessomeformofsocializingwithintheofficeenvironment-notjustinlargecompanies,butinsmallworkplacesaswell.

"Thefirstthingpeopleareusuallyjudgedonistheirabilitytoperformwellonaconsistentbasis,"saysNeilP.Lewis,amanagementpsychologist."Butiftwoorthreecandidatesareupforapromotion,eachofwhomhasreasonablysimilarability,amanagerisgoingtopromotethepersonheorshelikesbest.It'ssimplehumannature."

Yet,psychologistssay,manyemployeesandemployershavetroublewiththeconceptofpoliticsintheoffice.Somepeople,theysay,haveanidealisticvisionofworkandwhatittakestosucceed.Stillothersassociatepoliticswithflattery奉承）,fearfulthat,iftheyspeakupforthemselves,theymayappeartobeflatteringtheirbossforfavors.

Expertssuggestalteringthisnegativepicturebyrecognizingtheneedforsomeself-promotion. 

11."Officepolitics"（Line2,Para.4）isusedinthepassagetoreferto________.

A）thecodeofbehaviorforcompanystaff

B）thepoliticalviewsandbeliefsofofficeworkers

C）theinterpersonalrelationshipswithinacompany

D）thevariousqualitiesrequiredforasuccessfulcareer

12.Togetpromoted,onemustnotonlybecompetentbut_____.

A）givehisbossagoodimpression

B）honestandloyaltohiscompany

C）getalongwellwithhiscolleagues

D）avoidbeingtoooutstanding

13.Whyaremanypeopleunwillingto"playthegame"（Line4,Para.5）?

A）Theybelievethatdoingsoisimpractical.

B）Theyfeelthatsuchbehaviorisunprincipled.

C）Theyarenotgoodatmanipulatingcolleagues.

D）Theythinktheeffortwillgetthemnowhere.

14.Theauthorconsidersofficepoeticstobe______.

A）unwelcomeattheworkplace

B）badforinterpersonalrelationships

C）indispensabletothedevelopmentofcompanyculture

D）animportantfactorforpersonaladvancement

15.Itistheauthor'sviewthat______.

A）speakingupforoneselfispartofhumannature

B）self-promotiondoesnotnecessarilymeanflattery

C）hardworkcontributesVerylittletoone'spromotion

D）manyemployeesfailtorecognizetheneedofflattery

PassageTwo

AssoonasitwasrevealedthatareporterforProgressivemagazinehaddiscoveredhowtomakeahydrogenbomb,agroupoffirearm（火器）fansformedtheNationalHydrogenBombAssociation,andtheyarenowlobbyingagainstanylegislationtostopAmericansfromowningone.

"TheConstitution,"saidtheassociation'sspokesman,"giveseveryonetherighttoownarms.Itdoesn'tspelloutwhatkindofarms.Butsinceanyonecannowmakeahydrogenbomb,thepublicshouldbeabletobuyittoprotectthemselves."

"Don'tyouthinkit'sdangeroustohaveoneinthehouse,particularlywheretherearechildrenaround?

"

"TheNationalHydrogenBombAssociationhopestoeducatepeopleinthesafehandlingofthistypeofweapon.Weareinstructingownerstokeepthebombinalockedcabinetandthefuse（导火索）separatelyinadrawer."

"Somepeopleconsiderthehydrogenbombaveryfatalweaponwhichcouldkillsomebody."

Thespokesmansaid,"Hydrogenbombsdon'tkillpeople-peoplekillpeople.Thebombisforself-protectionanditalsohasadeterrenteffect.Ifsomebodyknowsyouhaveanuclearweaponinyourhouse,they'regoingtothinktwiceaboutbreakingin."

"ButthosewhowanttobanthebombforAmericancitizensclaimthatifyouhaveonelockedinthecabinet,withthefuseinadrawer,youwouldneverbeabletoassembleitintimetostopanintruder（侵入者）"

   "Anotherargumentagainstallowingpeopletoownabombisthatatthemomentitisveryexpensivetobuildone.Sowhatyourassociationisbackingisaprogramwhichwouldallowthemiddleandupperclassestoacquireabombwhilepoorpeoplewillbeleftdefenselesswithjusthandguns."

16.Accordingtothepassage,somepeoplestartedanationalassociationsoasto_______.

A）blockanylegislationtobantheprivatepossessionofthebomb

B）coordinatethemassproductionofthedestructiveweapon

C）instructpeoplehowtokeepthebombsafeathome

D）promotethelarge-scalesaleofthisnewlyinventedweapon

17.SomepeopleopposetheownershipofH-bombsbyindividualsonthegroundsthat_______.

A）thesizeofthebombmakesitdifficulttokeepinadrawer

B）mostpeopledon'tknowhowtohandletheweapon

C）people'sliveswillbethreatenedbytheweapon

D）theymayfallintothehandsofcriminals

18.Bysayingthatthebombalsohasadeterrenteffectthespokesmanmeansthatit_______.

A）willfrightenawayanypossibleintruders

B）canshowthespecialstatusofitsowners

C）willthreatenthesafetyoftheownersaswell

D）cankillthoseenteringothers'housesbyforce

19.Accordingtothepassage,opponentsoftheprivateownershipofH-bombsareverymuchworriedthat_____.

A）theinfluenceoftheassociationistoopowerfulforthelessprivilegedtoovercome

B）poorly-educatedAmericanswillfinditdifficulttomakeuseoftheweapon

C）thewideuseoftheweaponwillpushuplivingexpensestremendously

D）thecostoftheweaponwillputcitizensonanunequalbasis

20.Fromthetoneofthepassageweknowthattheauthoris_________.

A）doubtfulaboutthenecessityofkeepingH-bombsathomeforsafety

B）unhappywiththosewhovoteagainsttheownershipofH-bombs

C）notseriousabouttheprivateownershipofH-bombs

D）concernedaboutthespreadofnuclearweapons

PassageThree

Signhasbecomeascientifichotbutton.Onlyinthepast20yearshavespecialistsinlanguagestudyrealizedthatsignedlanguagesareunique-aspeechofthehand.Theyofferanewwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesandunderstandslanguage,andthrownewlightonanoldscientificcontroversy:

whetherlanguage,completewithgrammar,issomethingthatwearebornwith,orwhetheritisalearnedbehavior.ThecurrentinterestinsignlanguagehasrootsinthepioneeringworkofonerebelteacheratGallaudetUniversityinWashington,D.C.,theworld'sonlyliberalartsuniversityfordeafpeople.

WhenBillStokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish,theschoolenrolledhiminacourseinsigning.ButStokoenoticedsomethingodd:

amongthemselves,studentssigneddifferentlyfromhisclassroomteacher.

Stokoehadbeentaughtasortofgesturalcode,eachmovementofthehandsrepresentingawordinEnglish.Atthetime,AmericanSignLanguage（ASL）wasthoughttobenomorethanaformofpidginEnglish（混杂英语）.ButStokoebelievedthe"handtalk"hisstudentsusedlookedricher.Hewondered:

Mightdeafpeopleactuallyhaveagenuinelanguage?

AndcouldthatlanguagebeunlikeanyotheronEarth?

Itwas1955,whenevendeafpeopledismissedtheirsigningas"substandard".Stokoe'sideawasacademicheresy（异端邪说）.

Itis37yearslater.Stokoe-nowdevotinghistimetowritingandeditingbooksandjournalsandtoproducingvideomaterialsonASLandthedeafculture-ishavinglunchatacafeneartheGallaudetcampusandexplaininghowhestartedarevolution.FordecadeseducatorsfoughthisideathatsignedlanguagesarenaturallanguageslikeEnglish,FrenchandJapanese.Theyassumedlanguagemustbebasedonspeech,themodulation（调节）ofsound.Butsignlanguageisbasedonthemovementofhands,themodulationofspace."WhatIsaid,"Stokoeexplains,"isthatlanguageisnotmouthstuff-it'sbrainstuff."

21.Thestudyofsignlanguageisthoughttobe______.

A）anewwaytolookatthelearningoflanguage

B）achallengetotraditionalviewsonthenatureoflanguage

C）anapproachtosimplifyingthegrammaticalstructureofalanguage

D）anattempttoclarifymisunderstandingabouttheoriginoflanguage

22.Thepresentgrowinginterestinsignlanguagewasstimulatedby______.

A）afamousScholarinthestudyofthehumanbrain

B）aleadingspecialistinthestudyofliberalarts

C）anEnglishteacherinauniversityforthedeaf

D）someseniorexpertsinAmericanSignLanguage________.

23.AccordingtoStokoe,signlanguageis

A）asubstandardlanguageC）anartificiallanguage

B）agenuinelanguageD）aninternationallanguage

24.MosteducatorsobjectedtoStokoe'sideabecausetheythought_______.

A）signlanguagewasnotextensivelyusedevenbydeafpeople

B）signlanguagewastooartificialtobewidelyaccepted

C）alanguageshouldbeeasytouseandunderstand

D）alanguagecouldonlyexistintheformofspeechsounds

25.Stokoe