新课标高三英语寒假作业1.docx
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新课标高三英语寒假作业1
新课标2016年高三英语寒假作业1
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Recently,Iwasinvitedtoawritingclassatmyoldhighschool.Iacceptedthe__41__becauseit’salwaysfuntoseewhatyoungwritersareupto.Afewhoursbeforetheclass,Igotthe__42__thatIoftengetbeforeIgointoaschool—nausea(反胃)andthefearthatI’mabouttogetinto__43__.
WhenI__44__intoaschool,alltheoldfeelingscomeback:
__45__teacherisgoingtogetmadatme;theheadmasterisgoingtomakemetakeanotehome.
ButI’mnotaloneinhaving__46__feelingsfromschooldays.Oftenpeopletalkaboutbad__47__theystillhaveaboutbeingunpreparedfora(n)__48__test.Otherssaythatbeingpickedonandnotbeing__49__forateamarestillterriblememoriesforthem.Soit’sno__50__thatadultssometimesactlikethey’restillinschool.
My__51__memoriesareaboutteachersgettingmadatme.Iwasoftenashamedoftheseriouscrimeof“talkingoutofturn”,aguywhocouldn’tkeephis__52_shut.
Irealizethattheansweristofacethefeelings,__53__avoidthem.SoIvolunteerataschoolonceaweek.Eachweek,I’malittlemore__54__whenIwalkintotheofficeto_55__.AndIadmitthatsometimeswhentheheadmaster__56__mewithasmile,Ithinkhe’splanningtocallmymothertosayIshoulddressalittlenicer__57__Ivisithisschool.Butbytheendofmytimethere,Ifeel__58__.
NowI’m__59__mynextvolunteerdayatschool.Infact,ImightgettherealittleearliersoIcanspend__60__moretimethere.
41.A.challengeB.presentC.invitationD.offer
42.A.messageB.chanceC.wishD.feeling
43.A.moodB.troubleC.thoughtD.panic
44.A.arriveB.walkC.admitD.rush
45.A.anotherB.manyC.theotherD.some
46.A.amazingB.fascinatingC.excitingD.lasting
47.A.situationsB.placesC.experiencesD.dreams
48.A.importantB.easyC.recentD.average
49.A.chosenB.notedC.concernedD.adapted
50.A.doubtB.wayC.wonderD.secret
51.A.bestB.longestC.worstD.latest
52.A.heartB.eyesC.mouthD.hands
53.A.ratherthanB.exceptforC.astoD.insteadof
54.A.stressedB.annoyedC.tiredD.relaxed
55.A.signinB.checkoutC.takeoffD.getup
56.A.impressesB.greetsC.shocksD.refuses
57.A.whenB.sinceC.whetherD.unless
58.A.anxiousB.strongC.nervousD.strange
59.A.reflectingbacktoB.lookingforwardto
C.gettingawayfromD.takingoverby
60.A.alsoB.stillC.evenD.ever
B
AtBristolZooGardensyoucanenjoyanamazingworldofanimals,allwithinouraward-winning12acregardens.Withover400speciesandnineanimalshousesundercover,it’soneofthebestdaysoutinBristolwhatevertheweather.Wesuggestyouallow2-5hoursforyourvisittoreallytakeineverythingwehavetooffer.
ByvisitingBristolZooyouwillbedirectlycontributingtotheconservationofendangeredspeciesandhabitats.AdmissionpricesatBristolZooincludea10%voluntarydonationtohelpsupportourconservationprojects.
WithsomanythingstodoinBristolZoo,itreallyisoneofthetopattractionsinBristolandtheSouthWest.
AdoptinganAnimal
Helpuslookafteryourfavoriteanimalbybecomingananimaladopter;itmakesafantasticgiftforanyage!
Choosefrom10ofourfavoriteanimalstoadopt,whichcostsjust£45.Adopttheminamatterofminutesonline.
Openinghours
We’reopeneverydayfrom9amto5:
30pminpeakseason,andcloseat5pmduringoffpeak.TheZooisclosedonChristmasDay.LastentrytotheZooisanhourbeforeclosingtimeandanimalhousesclosehalfanhourbeforeclosingtime.
Travelingbybus
Ourbusserviceisoperatingevery30minutesonSundaysandpublicholidaysonly.TheservicewillenablegueststotraveltotheZoooranywherealongtheroute.TheserviceisFREEtoBristolZoomembers—allyouneedtodoisbringyourmembershipcard.
WeencourageallofourgueststousepublictransportwhencomingtotheZoo.
33.Byvisitingthezoo,youwill______.
A.contributetoprotectingendangeredspecies
B.enjoya10%discountofftheadmission
C.becomeavolunteerforspeciesatthezoo
D.beaskedtodonateextramoneyforconservation
34.Whatmessagecanwegetfromthetext?
A.Youcantakecareof10favoriteanimals.B.Thezooisopenedalltheyeararound.
C.Visitorsareencouragedtocomebybus.D.Thezooprovidesfreepublictransport.
35.Wherecanwemostlikelyreadthetext?
A.Atthegeographytext.B.Inasciencemagazine.
C.Attheentrancetozoos.D.OntheInternet.
C
Whenadoglosesaleg,theanimaleventuallyfiguresoutthebestwaytogetaroundonthreelegs.Inashorttime,thedoglearnstodealwithitsphysicaldisability.
Now,scientistshavedevelopedrobotsthatbehaveinmuchthesameway.
Wecanfindrobotseverywhere.Robotsbuildcars,playchessandcancleanyourhouse.Theymaysomedaydriveyourcar,too.
Tworobots,namedSpiritandOpportunity,weresenttoMarsonamissiontoexploretheredplanet.
JeffCluneisacomputerscientistwiththeUniversityofWyoming.Hesaysrobotsalsohelppeopleinnaturaldisasters.
Robotsaredeployedinsearchandrescueoperationsfollowinganearthquake.Theymaysomedayalsobeusedtoexaminethewreckageofanuclearaccident,liketheoneinFukushima,Japan.
Mr.Clunesaysrobotscanbesenttoalotofplacessaidtobeunsafe.
“Theproblemisthatallofthosetypesofsituationsandenvironmentareextremelyunpredictableanddangerous.Anditisverylikelythatrobotsandhumansinthosesituationsbecomedamaged.”
Heandotherscientistsaredevelopingtechnologysothatrobotswillcontinueoperatingafterthefirstsignofinjury.Theywantthemachinestohavetheabilitytomakechangesandcontinueperforminguntiltheycanberepaired.
Mr.CluneandresearchersinFrancehaveaddedonemoreoperationtotheskillsetofrobotsworkingunderdifficultconditions.Theysaytheyprogrammedahexapodrobot,onewithsixlegs,andaroboticarmtolearnhowtodealwithinjury.Theirfindingswerereportedinthejournal“Nature”.
Mr.Clunesaidthatoncetherobotsbecomedamaged,theyusetheirintuitionandknowledgeofhowtheirbodyworkstofindawaytodealwiththedamage.
Hesaystherobotsarealsoprogrammedwithchild-likecuriosity.Inotherwords,theyarealwaysaskingquestionsandlookingforanswers.Thewholeprocesstakesaboutaminutefortherobotstofindawaytoovercomedamage.
66.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewritermentionsdogsto__________.
A.provideexamplesofhowanimalsdealwithunexpectedinjury
B.showhowscientistsgetinspirationfromdogstodeveloptechnology
C.introducethetopicinamoreattractiveway
D.suggestthatscientistsshouldn’tignorethesimilaritybetweendogsandrobots.
67.Accordingtothepassage,nowadaysrobotscan’t__________.
A.playchessorcleanthehouse
B.besentonamissiontoexploreontheMars
C.helppeopleinsearch and rescue operations following an earthquake
D.examine the wreckage of a nuclear accident
68.WhyareMr.Cluneandotherscientistsdevotedtodevelopingthetechnology?
A.Theywanttosucceedinprogrammingrobotswithchild-likecuriosity.
B.They expecttoenablerobots tocontinue working despiteinjuryunderdifficultconditions.
C.Theyintendtomakerobotswhichcanbesenttoalotofplacessaidtobeunsafe.
D.TheyaredeterminedtodesignamorepowerfulrobotforMarsexploration.
69.Nowscientistshavedevelopedrobotsthat,oncedamaged,can__________.
A.relyontheirfunctionstofigureoutawaytohandletheemergency.
B.figureoutthebestwaytogetaroundinashorttime
C.spendaboutasecondfindingawaytoovercomedamage
D.maintaintheirchild-likecuriosityandkeepaskingpeoplearoundforsolutions
D
Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.
Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.
Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternal(内在的)factor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternal(外在的)factor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.
Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?
Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“tra