电梯发展史Elevator history.docx

电梯发展史Elevator history.docx

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电梯发展史Elevatorhistory

电梯发展史（Elevatorhistory）

电梯发展史（Elevatorhistory）

Thefirstworldelevatorindustrydevelopmentbriefhistory

Longago,peopleusedprimitiveliftingtoolstotransportpeopleandgoods.Around1100BC,theancientChineseinventedthepulley,whichusedtherotarymotionofthereeltocompletetheliftingmovement,thusincreasingtheheightoftheobjects.In236b.c.,GreekmathematicianArchimedesdesignedaliftingdeviceconsistingofwinchesandapulleyblock.Thedrivingforceoftheseliftingtoolsisusuallyhumanoranimalpower.Intheearly19thcentury,inEuropeandtheUnitedStates,thesteamenginewasusedasthedrivingforceforliftingtools.In1845,William?

Thomsondevelopedahydrauliclift,whosehydraulicdriveiswater.Despitetheliftingtoolbymanyrichinnovativeengineerstocontinuetoimprove,butarerecognisedbytheindustryofelevatorstilldoesnotappear,until1852,whentheworldfirstsafetyelevatorwasborn.

In1889,theliftbegantouseelectricpower,andtheelevatoractuallyappeared.Elevatorindrivecontroltechnologytothedevelopmentofdcmotordrivecontrol,acsinglespeedmotordrivecontrol,acdouble-speedmotordrivecontrol,dcdrivecontrolgear,gearlessspeed,acregulatingspeeddrivecontrol,acvariablevoltagevariablefrequencyadjustablespeeddrivecontrol,acpermanentmagnetsynchronousmotordrivecontrolwithfrequencyconversionspeedandsoonstage.

Attheendofthe19thcentury,theoperationperformanceoftheelevatorwassignificantlyimprovedbythepresenceofthedcelevatorcontrolledbytheward-Leonardsystem.Beganintheearly20thcentury,acinductionmotordriveelevator,then

slotwheel（i.e.,tractiontype）drivingtheelevatorinsteadofthedrummandreldrivenelevator,forlongstrokeandhighlysecurityofmodernelevatorlaidasolidfoundation.Inthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,thedcspeedregulationsystemhadalargeproportioninmediumandhighspeedelevators.

In1967,thethyristorwasusedforelevatordriving,andtheacregulatingdrivecontrolelevatorappeared.In1983,thevariablefrequencyconversioncontrolelevatorappeared,becauseitsgoodspeedregulationperformance,comfortandenergysavingandothercharacteristicsquicklybecamethemainstreamproductsoftheelevator.

In1996,theacpermanentmagnetsynchronousno-geartractordriverwasintroduced,andtheelevatortechnologywasoncemoreinnovative.Becausethetractorandcontrolcabinetareplacedinthewellroad,theindependentmachineroomissaved,thebuildingcostissaved,theeffectiveareaofthebuildingisincreased,andthedesignfreedomofbuildingaestheticsisimproved.Theelevatoralsohasthecharacteristicsofenergysaving,oilfreepollution,freemaintenanceandsafety.

Thedevelopmenthistoryofhandingcontroloftheelevatorsandhandleswitchcontrol,pushbuttoncontrol,signalcontrolandcollectioncontrol,process,formorethanoneelevatorintheparallelcontrol,intelligentgroupcontrol.

Today,theworld'selevatortoelevatorcompanyisalsoinconstantnewproductresearchanddevelopment,maintenanceservicesystemperfect,makeseveryefforttomeetpeople'sgrowingtrafficdemandinmodernarchitecture.

Thesecondpartoftheworldelevatorindustryinrecentyears

InMay2000,schindlerelevatorcompanyreleasedtheEuroliftfreeroomelevator.ItUSESthehighstrengthnon-wireropecoresyntheticfibertowrope"SchindlerAramid"tractioncar.Permanentmagnetmotorisdrivenbygearlesstractor.Eachtowropeismadeupofabout300,000strandsoffinefiber,anditstowropeisfourtimeslighterthanthetraditionalrope.

Agraphitefiberconductorisembeddedintheropesothatitcanmonitortheslightwearandtearofthetractor.

InMay2000,accordingtoareportinElevatorWorld,ItalyMasperoelevatorcompanyinItalyBernandwinterHuaXueDeinstalledadiagonallineoftheelevator,capsulesininclinedshaftrunalongaguiderail,inclinedrampelevatorisakindofmeansoftransport.

In2000,OtisreleasedtheGen2noroomelevator.ItUSESflatwireropetoreinforcethecar,steelwireropereinforcedtape（theoutsideiswrappedinpolyurethane）flexible.Thegearlesstractorisslender,smallandeasytoinstallonthesteelbeamatthetopsideofthewell.

OnApril17~20,2002,mitsubishielectriccompanyexhibitedamodelofescalatoratthe5thChinainternationalelevatorexhibition.Thestructureofthedriverackwithretractableexpansioncanchangethespacingofthestepsatruntime,thusmakingthespeedchange.Thespeedofitsslantsegmentis1.5timesthespeedoftheentrancelevel,whichcanshortenthe

passenger'stimeandimprovethesafetyandstabilityofthepassengerescalator.

In2002,theconstructionoftheTaipeiinternationalfinancialcenterbuilding,whichisexpectedtobecompletedin2004,willinstalla1010m/min（16.8m/s）super-highspeedelevatorattheJapaneseToshibaelevatorcompany.Theelevatorconnects1and89floorsofthesightseeinglayer,withaheightof388m.

InFebruary2003,OtisreleasedanewNextStep?

Escalator,itUSESGuarded?

Pedaldesign,stepandapronarethesinglemoduleofcoordinatedoperation;Ithasalsoadoptedothernewtechnologiestoimprovethesafetyofescalators,andescalatortechnologyhasbeenupdated.

Sectioniiidevelopmenttrendsofelevatorindustryintheworld

One,willbecomethefuturedemandformachineroomlesselevatorelevatordevelopmentwindow,moredeveloperswillchoosemachineroomlesselevator,machineroomlesselevatorpricesare,especiallythefourthgenerationmachineroomlesselevatorofsafeandreliable,willbetobuyhotspots.Atthesametime,thecooperationbetweenelevatorenterpriseswillhaveabettertrend.

Second,sightseeingelevatorstylewillchangethesituation,inthepasthalfagardenanddiamondlikeWALESSplanesightseeingelevatoronlyontheoriginalpriceincreaseof8000yuanproductsaremorepopularwiththeusers,and1/4gardenWALESSmachineroomlessscenicelevatorcantomakethe

buildingdesignandconstructionofmoresimpleandlowercost,becomethefuturesightseeingelevatorgoodcatch.Forsightseeingelevatorstyleinthefuturewillincreasefromtwotofiveorsixkinds,allowstheusertochoosemoretouriststyle,andsatisfythelowuserstoselectsightseeingelevatorandthedemandofthesightseeingelevatorvilla.

3.Thediversityandcomprehensivecostofresidentialelevatorsarethetrendoffuturedevelopment.Inthefuture,thediversityoftheresidentialelevatorwillbeintheroomofthemachineroomandtheelevator.Thecheapelevatorandtheupscaleelevatorscoexist;Commonresidentialelevatorandresidentialsightseeingelevatorcoexist.Interestsofdeveloperstodevelopatthesametime,intheelevatorshaftconstructiondesign,constructionandequipmentprocurementinstallationwillthingk,thereforenotonlycomparethepriceoftheelevatorequipment,andconsideringcostwillgraduallybecomechooseoneofthebasicrequirementsofresidentialelevators.

4.Infuture,theadvertisingcostsofelevatorenterpriseswillbeincreased.

Itwillalsoconsidermorepracticalandeffectiveadvertising.

Fivestandardizedproduction,theelevatorwilltakeeffectinsomeenterprises,throughstandardizedproductiontoreducetheproductioncostofserviceusers,improvethequalityofproductsisanothertrendinthedevelopmentofelevatorproducts,andthistrendislikelytostartfromChinatogoglobal.

Thequalityofinstallationandafter-salesservicewillbeanotherimportanttrendinthefuture,andattachingimportancetothetrainingoftheinstallationteamwillbeoneoftheimportantteachingprioritiesinthecomingyears.

Seven,atthesametime,Ithinksomeoftheoriginalfamousbrandinthefuturewillbethreatenedbytherisinghaveabrandnewtechnologyof,China'selevatorindustrywillparticipateininternationalcompetition,moreandmoreinvestorswillsharethecakelift.

Theenergy-savingelevatoristhemaintrendofthedevelopmentinthecomingyears.Elevatorindustrydevelopmenttrendhasforcedachangeinthepurchasingtrend,updatepurchasingtrendwillalsoconformstotheprocurementneeds,forcedtheelevatorindustrydevelopmenttrendinthenextfewyearsbothindustrydevelopmentandpurchasingtrend,energysavingelevatorwillbecomethemainstreamtrend.

Section4developmenttrendofChineseelevatorindustry

InthethreedecadessincethefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,about10,000elevatorswereinstallednationwide.Theseelevatorsaremainlydcelevatorsandactwo-speedelevators.Domesticelevatorproductionenterprisesabout10.

OnJuly4,1980,Chinaconstructionmachinerycorporation,Switzerlandschindlerco.,LTD.,HongKongjardineschindler（fareast）co.,LTD.,3jointventureChinaschindlerelevatorco.,LTD.Thisisthefirstjointventureofthemachinery

industrysincethereformandopeningup.ThejointventureincludesShanghaielectricelevatorplantandBeijingelectricelevatorplant.TheelevatorindustryinChinahassincestartedaboominforeigninvestment

AftertheintroductionofforeigncapitaltoentertheChineseelevatorindustryreallybigstageofdevelopment,China'selevatorindustryafter80scansayisaforeigncapitalintroduction,thehistoryofthedevelopmentfromthepointoftheprocessofforeigninvestmentinChinaelevatorindustry,Chineseandforeignelevatorjointventureroughlyexperiencedthefollowingfourstagesofdevelopment:

sino-foreignjointventureChinaholdings,graduallybegantoforeignholdings,basicallcontrolledbytheforeignparty,astheforeignholdingsor