托福TPOminilectures.docx

托福TPOminilectures.docx

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托福TPOminilectures

1Whatisthetalkmainlyabout

ASymbolisminAfricanrockart

BDifferencesbetweenEuropeanandAfricanrockart

CConservationofAfricanrockart

DNewdiscoveriesofAfricanrockart

2Accordingtotheprofessor,whataretwomaincausesofdamagetoAfricanrockart

Clickon2answers

APollution

BTheweather

CAnimals

DTourists

3WhydosetheprofessormentiontheGettyInstitute

AItishelpingtophotographtheart

BItisdisplayingsamplesofthearttheschool

COneofitsmembersdiscoveredthepaintingsintheSahara

DOneofitsmembersfoundawaytodeterminetheageofAfricanpaintings

4HowdotheAfricanrockpaintingsdifferfromEuropeanrockpaintings

ATheAfricanpaintingsmorefrequentlydepictpeople

BTheAfricanpaintingsaremoreabstract

CTheAfricanpaintingsdonotdepictanimals

DTheAfricanpaintingsarelesscolorful

5Accordingtotheprofessor,whatwasunusualaboutthepaintusedbysomeAfricanrockartists

AAnimalbloodwasoneofitsingredients

BItwasamixtureofcharcoalandwater

CItreflectedlight

DThesunandraindidnotfadeitscolor

6WhatwaslearnedabouttheSaharafromAfricanrockart

AItwasmuchlargerthanitspresentsize.

BItspeoplemigratedtosouthernEurope.

CItoncehadplentyofrainfall.

DItwasonceseparatefromtheAfricancontinent.

7Whatispurposeofthetalk

AToshowtheeffectofpoetryonsociety.

BTopointoutstylisticsimilaritiesoftwopoets.

CTocomparethesocialstructureoftheUnitedStatesbeforeandaftertheCivilWar.

DTointroducethepoetryofaparticularperiod.

8WhatdoesprofessorsayaboutfictionduringtheperiodimmediatelyaftertheCivilWar

AItchangedmorethananyothertypeofliterature.

BItusuallydealtwithwar-relatedthemes.

CItwasunpopularwiththegeneralreader

DItlackedtheinnovationsfoundinotherformsofliterature.

9Accordingtoprofessor,whattwosubjectswouldmostlikelybethesourceofinspirationforapoembyEmilyDickinson

Clickon2answers

AChildrenfallingasleep.

BThepoliticallifeofaUnitedStatespresident.

CTheeventsofaCivilWarbattle.

DAflowergarden.

10Accordingtotheprofessor,whataspectofEmilyDickinson’spoetrywasinnovative

ATheunusualrhymescheme.

BThecombiningofprofoundideaswithfamiliarimages.

CThecomplexvocabulary.

DThelengthoftheversesinherlaterpoetry.

11WhatdoestheprofessorsaymakesWaltWhitman’spoetryparticularlynotable

AIthadastrongimpactonEmilyDickinson’swork.

BItsmessageswererejectedbyreaders.

CItabandonedmanyliterarytraditions

DItmainlydealtwithordinaryexperiences.

12WhatdoestheprofessorsaymayhaveledWaltWhitmantobecomeapoet

AHisloveofnature.

BHisexperiencesintheCivilWar..

CHisfailureatpublicspeaking.

DHisrejectionofscienceandtechnology.

13Whatisthetalkmainlyabout

AProblemswithfarmingduringthe1930’s.

BThedocumentaryapproachtophotography.

CImprovementsincamerasinthe1930’s.

DDorotheaLange’straininginphotographictechniques.

14WhattwofactorscontributedtothedevelopmentofDorotheaLange’swork

AImprovementsinphotographicequipment.

BTheneedtogainsupportforaidprograms.

CHerabilitytoexplaintopeoplehowtheyshouldpose.

DGovernmentfundingofresearchincameratechnology.

15WhydidmanyfarmersleavethesouthernGreatduringthe19230’s

AColdweatherfrozetheircrops.

BThegovernmentpaidthemtomoveofftheland.

CTheyhopedtofindworkinCalifornia.

DRainhadfloodedtheirland.

16WhydoestheprofessortalkaboutDorotheaLange’swork

AShetookpowerfulphotographsoflandscapes.

BSheimprovementstophotographicequipmentchangedthefieldofphotography.

CSheorganizedagovernmentprogram.

DHerphotographsarerepresentativeofthedocumentarystyleofphotography.

17whatwouldbethemostlikelysubjectofaLangephotograph

AAnewlybuiltfarmhouse.

BAhomelessfarmer.

CAfamouspolitician.

DAbowloffruit.

18WhatwastheresultofDorotheaLange’sworkatthecampinCalifornia

APhotographerswererestrictedfromenteringmigrantcamps.

BFarmersweregivenmoneytopayforthecropofpeas.

CFoodsuppliesweredeliveredtothecamp.

DTheworkerswereofferedgoodjobsinCalifornia.

19whatisthetalkmainlyabout

AEffectsofadvertisingonasociety

BThebenefitsofadvertisingforconsumers

CTheroleoftheFTCininternationaladvertising

DDeceptioninadvertising

20Whatisthepurposeoftheprofessor'stalk

AToprovideahistoryoftheFTC.

BTointroducestudentstovariousmethodsofadvertising.

CTodemonstratehoweasilyconsumersareconfused.

DTodefendadvertisingagainstcriticismthatitismisleading.

21Whatistheprofessor'sopinionaboutmostadvertising

AItleadsconsumerstomakeunwisedecisions.

BItunnecessarilyraisesthecostofaproduct.

CItdoesnotdeceiveconsumers.

DIthaslittleeffectonconsumers'buyingpatterns.

22Accordingtotheprofessor,whatdoestheFTCdo

AItregulatesinternationaltrade.

BItsetsstandardsfortheadvertisingindustry.

CItimposestaxesonnonessentialproducts.

DItassistsnewadvertisingagencies.

23Whenisanadvertisementconsidereddeceptive

AWhenclaimsaboutaproductareexaggerated.

BWhenreasonableconsumersaremisledaboutanimportantaspectofaproduct.

CWhentheFTCcollectsanadequatenumberofcomplaintsaboutanadvertisement.

DWhenthemajorityofconsumersrefusetobuyaproductbasedoninformationintheadvertisement.

24Whatispuffery

AAnexaggerationofaproduct'squality.

BIntentionallydeceptiveadvertisements.

CAdvertisementsforbeautyproducts.

DAfinechargedbytheFTC.

25Whatisthetalemainlyabout

AAnexperimentthatmeasuredsleeppatterns.

BAnewwaytostayawakelonger.

CAsleepdisorderthataffectsmanypeople.

DAnunusualmethodoftreatingsleeplessness.

26Whatarecircadianrhythms

ATherateatwhichtheheartbeatsduringsleep.

BCyclesofbiologicalactivities.

CAseriesofresearchstudiesaboutsleep.

DSocialcuesthatsignaldailyfunctions.

27Howdidthesubjectsintheresearchstudyindicatetheendofasleepingsession

ATheyrangabell.

BTheyopenedthecurtains.

CTheyturnedonthelights.

DTheyrecordedthetimeinaspecialnotebook.

28Whatdidtheresearchersconcludeaboutthehumansleep/wakecycle

AItisequivalenttothetimespanofoneday.

BItisthesameforallhumans.

CItissubstantiallydifferentfromthoseofotherorganisms.

DItisslightlylongerthan24hours.

29Whichsignalsintheenvironmenthelphumansresettheirsleepcycle

Clickon2answers.

ATelephones.

BClocks.

COutdoorsounds.

DSunlight.

30Accordingtotheprofessor,whymustthecircadianrhythmofsleepbereseteachday

AItdiffersfromregulardailyschedules.

BItisaffectedbydailyweatherchanges.

CPeoplegotosleepatdifferenttimeseachnight.

DPeopledonotnapasoftenastheyshould.

31Whatisthetalkmainlyabout

AEarlychildhoodeducation.

BPiaget'seducationalbackground.

CInfants'awarenessoftheirsurroundings.

DInfants'lackofresponsetounfamiliarsituations.

32HowdoesrecentresearchaffectPiaget'stheories

AItshowsthatrepeatedexposuretoobjectsdoesnothaveanimpactonaninfant'scuriosity.

BItcontradictshisideasonobjectpermanence.

CItshowsthatinfantheartrateisnotaffectedbyexcitingexperiences.

DItdemonstratesthathabituationdoesnottakeplaceininfancy.

33AccordingtoPiaget,howdoyounginfantsreactwhentheyseesomethingunusual

Clickon2answers.

ATheybecomeupset.

BTheyshownoemotion.

CTheylookatit.

DTheybecomeexcited.

34WhatwasPiaget'sexperimentonobjectpermanencesupposedtodetermine

AWhetherinfantsrecognizesomethingtheyhaveseenbefore.

BWhetherinfantsrecognizevariationsinthesizesofobjects.

CWhetherinfantsgetfrightenedbylargeobjects.

DWhetherinfantsbelievehiddenobjectsstillexist.

35HowdidthemorerecentexperimentonobjectpermanencedifferfromPiaget'searlierexperiment

Clickon2answers.

ATherecentexperimenttestedwhetherbabieswouldreacttoanimpossiblesituation.

BTherecentexperimentinvolvedyoungerchildrenthanPiaget'sdid.

CTherecentexperimentexaminedhowinfantsinteractedwitheachother.

DTherecentexperimentusedonlyinfantgirlsassubjects.

36Towhichsituationdidtheinfantshaveanoticeablereaction

AAshortcarrotpassingbehindasolidscreen.

BAshortcarrotpassingbehindawindowscreen.

CAlongcarrotpassingbehindasolidscreen.

DAlongcarrotpassingbehindawindowscreen.

37Whatisthetalkmainlyabout

ASimilaritiesbetweenvisionincatsandinhumans.

BHuntingtechniquesofcats.

CThepositionoftheeyesonthefacesofmammals.

DDistinctivefeaturesofacat'svision.

38Whatdoestheprofessorimplyisapopularmisconceptionaboutcats

ATheyareabletoseeinthedark.

BTheyaregoodhunters.

CTheyrelyonsmellmorethansightforhunting.

DTheyareunabletoseeinthreedimensions.

39Whataretwoareasinwhichcats'visualabilitiesarebetterthanhumans'

Clickon2answers.

AJudgingdistances.

BSeeingimagesclearly.

CSeeinginpoorlight.

DSensingmovement.

40Whatroledoesguaninplayinthevisualprocessesofacat

AItcausesthecat'spupilstodilate.

BItreflectslightfromthecat'sretina.

CItpreventstheblurringofimages.

DItallowsthecattoseecolors.

41Whatdoes