英语练习8.docx
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英语练习8
Module5 GreatPeopleandGreat
InventionsofAncientChina
Ⅰ.语法填空，单句训练
1．OurEnglishteacheroften________（stress）theimportanceofreadingaloud.
答案：
stresses stress用作动词意为“强调”。
2．Whenhecamebackfromabroad,ourcountrywas________warwithJapan.
答案：
at beatwarwith意为“在与……交战中”。
句意：
当他从国外回来时，我们的国家正同日本处于交战状态。
3．Asreward________hiscontribution________botany,JosephBankshadaflowernamed________him.
答案：
for;to;after 第一个空应用for表示原因；contribution后常接to，表示“对……的贡献”；name...after...意为“以……命名……”，为固定搭配。
4．Lifeislikealongrace________wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.
答案：
where 句意：
生活就像一次长跑，我们不断和别人竞争以超越自己。
该句应用where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
5．Hehadtoobeytheorderthathe________（finish）thesecrettaskaheadoftime.
答案：
finish 分析句子结构可知，在order之后跟了一个that引导的同位语从句。
order的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中谓语部分都要用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可省略。
6．Thereason________hewaslateforclasswasnotthereason________hegaveme.
答案：
why;that 第一个reason后面的定语从句中需要原因状语，应用why引导；第二个reason后面的定语从句中gave需要直接宾语，应用关系代词that引导。
7．Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________（finish）,hegladlyacceptedit.
答案：
finished 在该题的with复合结构中，由于hiswork与finish为被动关系，所以应用其过去分词形式。
8．Idon'twanttobring________thetopic,butwhyonearthdidyougethomethatlatelastnight?
答案：
up bringup意为“养育；呕吐；提出”。
此处表示“我不想提这个话题”。
9．（2014届上海复兴中学月考改编）—Havetheirlivingconditionsimprovedafteralltheseyears?
—No,________betterthanbefore,I'mafraid.
答案：
no 根据语境可知，他们的居住状况没有得到改善，所以应用no，表示“并不比以前好”。
10．Youmayborrowthebook,________conditionthatyoudonotlendittoanyoneelse.
答案：
on 句意：
你可以借这本书，条件是你不要借给其他人。
onconditionthat意为“条件是”。
Ⅱ.语法填空，篇章训练
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A：
IseeMikeFarmerhasmake__1__intotheOlympicteam.Hebeatthe__2__（nation）recordby0.1ofasecond.
B：
That'sgreat.He's__3__（good）runnerI'veseenthisseason.I'm__4__he'llwinamedalattheOlympics.
A：
Ithinkyou'reright.Ithinkwehaveaverygoodathleticsteam.Theyshoulddo__5__intheOlympics.Howmanymedalsdoyouthinkwe'llwin?
B：
Ireallydon'tknow.Idon'tthinkwe'llwinmanygold__6__（medal）,butIthinkweshouldwinseveralsilverandbronzeones.
A：
Whatdoyouthinkourchancesarein__7__events.
B：
InthelastOlympics,wedidverywellinswimming,cyclingandballsports.Ithinkwe'lldowellin__8__sameevents.
A：
Wemightgetagoldmedalinthesailingtoo.Ourteamputinalotofpractice.
B：
Ithinkwecanexpecttogetbetween30to40medals__9__total.
A：
Youarevery__10__（optimism）!
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．it 考查代词用法。
makeit成功做到。
2．national 考查形容词用法。
nationalrecord意为：
全国纪录。
3．thebest 考查形容词最高级。
thebestrunner意为：
最好的跑步运动员。
4．sure 考查固定结构。
besurethat意为：
肯定会……。
5．well 考查固定搭配。
dowellin意为：
在某一方面做的好。
6．medals 考查名词单复数。
前面有many因此用medals。
7．the 考查冠词用法。
此处特指奥运会赛事，因此用定冠词表特指。
8．those 考查指示代词。
those那些。
9．in 考查介词用法。
intotal意为：
总共。
10．optimistic 考查词形变化。
此处需要形容词optimistic意为：
乐观的。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
StephenHawking（January,8th,1942—）wasbornonthe300thanniversaryofGalileo'sdeath.HehascometobethoughtofasthegreatestmindinphysicssinceAlbertEinstein.
HawkinggrewupoutsideLondoninaneducatedfamily.Hisfatherwasaphysicianandspecialistintropicaldiseases,hismotherwasactiveintheLiberalParty.Fromearlyonhewantedtostudyscience.Hebecameincreasinglyskilledinmathematicsandin1958heandsomefriendsbuiltasimplecomputerthatactuallyworked.In1959hewonascholarshiptoOxfordUniversity.In1962hegothisdegreewithhonorsandwenttoCambridgeUniversitytogainaPhDincosmology（宇宙论）．Therehebecamecrazyaboutblackholes（firstproposedbyRobertOppenheimer）.AfterreceivinghisPhD,hestayedatCambridge,becomingknowneveninhis20sforhispioneeringideasanduseofEinstein'sformulas,aswellashisquestioningofolder,establishedphysicists.
In1968hejoinedthestaffoftheInstituteofAstronomyinCambridgeandbegantostudyblackholes.Soonafterwardshemadeanastonishingdiscovery.Hawkingsuggestedthatundercertainconditions,ablackholecouldgiveoutsubatomicparticles（颗粒）.ThatisnowknownasHawkingRadiation.Hecontinuedworkingonthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse.
Attheageof32,hereceivedtheAlbertEinsteinAward.Andin1979,hewasappointedLucasianProfessorChairintheworld.Sinceitscreation330yearsago,17individualshaveheldthechair,likeSirIsaacNewton,CharlesBabbageandRobertWoodhouse.Therehebegantoquestionthebigbangtheory,whichbythenmosthadbeenaccepted.
In1988HawkingwroteABriefHistoryofTime：
FromtheBigBangtoBlackHoles,explainingtheevolution（发展）ofhisthinkingaboutthecosmosforageneralaudience.Itbecamealong standingbest sellerandestablishedhisreputationasanaccessiblegenius.Hewroteotherpopulararticlesandappearedinmoviesandtelevision.Heremainsextremelybusy,hisworkhardlyslowedbyLouGehrig'sdiseases（adiseasethataffectsmusclecontrol）forwhichheusesawheelchairandspeaksthroughacomputerandvoicesynthesizer（合成器）．
1．WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheinformationaboutStephenHawking?
a．HereceivedtheAlbertEinsteinAward.
b．HejoinedthestaffoftheInsituteofAstronomyinCambridgeandbegantostudyblackholes.
c．HegothisdegreewithhonorsandwenttoCambridgeUniversitytogainaPhDincosmology.
d．Heandsomefriendsbuiltasimplecomputerthatactuallyworked.
e．Hesuggestedthatundercertainconditions,ablackholecouldgiveoutsubatomicparticles.
f．HewroteABriefHistoryofTime.
A．d,c,b,e,a,f B．c,d,e,b,a,f
C．d,c,e,b,a,fD．d,c,e,b,f,a
答案：
A 细节排列题。
d，c，b，e，a，f时间排列为：
1958→1962→1968→1968（Soonafterwards）→1974（attheageof32）→1988。
2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutStephenHawking?
A．GeneralaudiencecanunderstandhisbookABriefHistoryofTime,makinghimmorepopular.
B．HebegantodoubtthebigbangtheorygenerallyacceptedatCambridge.
C．Hiseducatedfamilyhadapositiveeffectonhisstudyandfutureachievements.
D．Hawkingdevotedhimselftostudyingthetheoryofblackholes,whichheputforwardfirst.
答案：
D 细节判断题。
由第二段中“Therehebecamecrazyaboutblackholes（firstproposedbyRobertOppenheimer）．”可知，黑洞理论是由奥本海默首先提出的，而不是霍金，故D项表述错误。
3．Whichofthefollowingscientistsdidn'tworkasLucasianProfessorofMathematicsatCambridge?
A．SirIsaacNewton.B．AlbertEinstein.
C．CharlesBabbage.D．RobertWoodhouse.
答案：
B 细节理解题。
由第四段中“Andin1979,hewasappointedLucasianProfessorChairintheworld.Sinceitscreation330yearsago,17individualshaveheldthechair,likeSirIsaacNewton,CharlesBabbageandRobertWoodhouse.”可知答案为B项。
文中并没有说爱因斯坦曾经任命为剑桥大学卢卡贤数学教授，而只是说“He（Hawking）hascometobethoughtofasthegreatestmindinphysicssinceAlbertEinstein”。
4．Thepassagedoesn'ttalkaboutHawking's________.
A．marriageB．researchanddiscovery
C．achievementsD．healthconditions
答案：
A 细节理解题。
全文主要介绍了霍金的研究和发现，他所取得的成就，文章结尾还介绍了他的身体状况，唯独没有提到他的婚姻情况。
B
（2014届济南3月模拟）
JamesCooke,ofIslip,N.Y．，can'trecognizeotherpeople.“Iseeeyes,nose,cheekbones,butnoface，”hesaid.“I'veevenpassedbymysonanddaughterwithoutrecognizingthem.”
Heisnottheonlyone.Thosewithprosopagnosia,alsoknownasfaceblindness,canseeperfectlywell,buttheirbrainsareunabletopiecetogethertheinformationneededtounderstandthatacollectionoffeaturesrepresentsanindividual'sface.Theconditionisaneurological（神经病学的）mystery,butnewresearchhasshedlightonthisstrangedisease.
Somescientistshadbelievedthatfacesandvoices,thetwomainwayspeoplerecognizeoneanother,wereprocessedseparatelybythebrain.Indeed,aconditionparalleltoprosopagnosia,calledphonagnosia,_similarlyleavesapersonunabletodistinguishafamiliarvoicefromanunfamiliarone.Butbytestingforthesetwoconditionsatthesametime,researchersattheMaxPlanckInstituterecentlyfoundevidencethatfaceandvoicerecognitionmaybelinkedinauniquepersonrecognitionsystem.
Thescientistsobservedthebrainactivityof19healthyvolunteersastheywereledthroughtasksthattestedtheirabilitytorecognizebothfacesandvoices.Theresearchersfoundthatrecognizeofthebrain,associatedwithfacerecognition,aredirectlylinkedtoregionsresponsibleforvoicerecognition.
Thisresearchhelpsexplainwhyapersonwithprosopagnosiamaystillhavedifficultydeterminingwhoapersonisevenafterhehasbeguntospeak.Thechallengeforscientistsistofindoutwherethissystembreaksdown.Aretheseconnectionsinthebrainmissingentirely,orarepeopleunabletorecognizefacesandvoicessimplyunabletousetheselinksinsomeway?
Itisunclearhowmanypeoplehavetheseconditions.Manydon'tevenrealizetheyhaveproblemswithfaceorvoicerecognition.Whilesomedevelopthesedifficultiesafterabraininjury,othersdevelopitinchildhood.
文章大意：
本文主要介绍了科学家对人类失认症的研究以及取得的一些成就。
5．JamesCookecan'trecognizeotherpeoplebecause________.
A．hiseyesightisfailing
B．hepreferstowalkhurriedly
C．hesuffersfromfaceblindness
D．hecan'ttellfacialexpression
答案：
C 细节理解题。
根据文章第一、二段的内容可知，JamesCooke患上了人面失认症，所以他不能认出别人，甚至连自己的孩子也认不出来。
6．WhichofthefollowingisTUREofprosopagnosia?
A．Itisacommondiseaseamongadults.
B．Itmaycausedamagetothebrain.
C．Itisalwaysaninborndisease.
D．Therehasbeennocureforit.
答案：
D 推理判断题。
通读全文可知，现在的科学家对于人面失认症已经有了新的研究发现，但是在治疗方法上，还没有取得进展。
所以答案为D项。
7．AccordingtoParagraph3,theunderlinedword“phonagnosia”maybeknownas________.
A．voiceblindnessB．memorylosses
C．facialinjuriesD．mentalillness
答案：
A 词义猜测题。
根据画线词后面的“similarlyleavesapersonunabletodistinguishafamiliarvoicefromanunfamil
升级会员 