全新版大学英语第二版综合教程 第1册 Unit 4 Tony Trivisonnos American Dream.docx

全新版大学英语第二版综合教程 第1册 Unit 4 Tony Trivisonnos American Dream.docx

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全新版大学英语第二版综合教程第1册Unit4TonyTrivisonnosAmericanDream

BeforeReading>>TheAmericanDream

AmericanDreamisthebeliefthateveryoneintheUnitedStateshasthechancetoachievesuccessandprosperity.Forordinarypeople,itmeansahappyfamily,anidealjob,andanicehouse.Forminoritiesandimmigrants,italsoincludesfreedomandequalrights.

BeforeReading>>Immigrants

I.Introduction

Listentothepassageandfillintheblankswiththemissingwords.

Apartfrom“NativeAmericans”—Indians,allAmericanshaveancestorswhowereimmigrants.TheUnitedStateshasbecomethehomeofimmigrantsfromallovertheworld.SomeimmigrantscometotheUnitedStatesinsearchofaplacetopracticetheirreligionfreely,whileothersseekpoliticaloreconomicprotection.Stillothersarriveinhopesofbuildingabetterlifeforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.

II.FirstImmigrants

ThefirstimmigrantstoAmericacamealmostfromwesternEurope.Duringthefirstdecadesofthe17thcentury,settlersfromEnglandcolonizedVirginiaandNewEngland.ImmigrationtoNewEnglandbeganin1620whenEnglishPuritansestablishedPlymouthColonyinpresent-dayMassachusetts.ThevaluesofthesePuritansettlersstronglyinfluencedthecultureoftheAmericancoloniesandlateroftheUnitedStates.

BeforeReading>>TheGreatDepression

TheGreatDepressionisconsideredthemostsevereeconomiccrisisintheindustrializedworld.ItbeganwhenAmericanstockmarketfellonFriday,Oct.24,1929,andcontinuedthefollowingTuesday,knownasBlackTuesday,withagreaterfall.TheDepressionstruckmanyothercountriesaswell,particularlyGermany,Japan,andBritain.Intheearly1930smillionsofpeoplelosttheirjobs,andmillionsofbusinessesandbanksfailed.PresidentFranklinD.Roosevelt’sNewDealpoliciesimprovedthesituation,buttheGreatDepressiondidnotcometoanenduntilWorldWarIIwhenindustrialproductionforthewarincreased.

BeforeReading>>Mortgage

I.Mortgage

Mortgageisanagreementtohavemoneylent,especiallytobuyahouseorland,withthehouseorlandbelongingtothelenderuntilthemoneyisrepaid.Itenablesapersontobuyahousewithouthavingenoughmoneytopayforitcompletely.Iftheborrowerfailstorepaytheloan,thelendermayforcethesaleofthehousetorecovertheamountoftheloan.

II.HowtoGetaMortgage

A borrower can getamortgagefromabank,creditunion,orotherlender.Mostlendersrequiretheborrowertohaveacertainamountofmoneytouseasadownpayment.Forexample,ifanindividualwantstobuyahomepricedat$50,000andthelenderrequiresadownpaymentof$2,000,theindividualwillapplyforaloanof$48,000topayforthedifference.Paymentsfortheloanareusuallymademonthly.Thelifeofthemortgagecanbe15,20,30,oreven40years.

BeforeReading>>Warm-upQuestions

1.WhatistheAmericanDreaminyouropinion?

2.Inwhatwayscanapersonbeconsideredasbeingsuccessful?

3.Whatisthekeytosuccess?

4.Tellastoryofasuccessfulperson.

GlobalReading>>PartDivisionoftheText

Parts

Para（s）

MainIdeas

1

1~29

WithdeterminationandwithhelpfromMr.Crawford,Tonyachievedhisdreamofhavinghisownfarm.

2

30~33

Tony’scareersettheauthorthinkingaboutwhyandtowhatextenthehadbeensuccessful.

GlobalReading>>FurtherUnderstanding

I.ForPart1

i.TableCompletion

HowTonyFulfilledHisAmericanDream

Parts

TimeExpressions

Tony’sStepstowardSuccess

1~10

oneeveningduringtheGreatDepression

TonystartedtoworkasahelpatMr.Crawford’shouse.

11~13

summerpassedintofall

TonygotajobclearingsnowatMr.Crawford’sfactory.

14~16

oneday

Tonyaskedtobetrainedasanapprentice,andlaterlearnedtobeaskilledworker.

17~21

ayearortwopassed

TonyboughtahousewiththehelpofMr.Crawford.

22~27

afterabouttwoyears

TonyboughtafarmandsentforhisfamilyinItaly.

28~33

duringthewar

Tonydied,leavinghisfamilyaprosperousfarmandhischildreneducated.

ii.Matching

Matchthefollowingthreecolumns.

Tony’srequest

Theauthor’sfeeling

Results

1.“Imowyourlawn.”

A.Well,whatdoyoudowithsuchdeterminationandhope?

I.…hehadgraduatedasaskilledgrinder.…MywifeandIfeltitwasasatisfyingendofthestory.

2.“Whenwintercome,yougivemejobclearingsnowatthefactory.”

B.IdoubtedwhetherTonyhadthecapacitytoreadblueprintsandmicrometersordoprecisionwork.

II.Mywifesaidhewasveryhelpfulwhenevertherewereanyheavyobjectstoliftorthingstofix.

3.“Iwanttobe’prentice.”

C.Iwentintomyhouseunhappy...buthowcouldIturnawayapersonwhohadcometomeforhelp?

III.Iaskedthepersonneldepartmentforareport.TheysaidTonywasaverygoodworker.

（1—C—II;2—A—III;3—B—I）

iii.Scanning

ScanthetexttofindoutdescriptionsofTony’sphysicalappearance.

Para.1Hewasaboutfive-foot-sevenoreight,andthin.

Para.22Heseemedtostandalittlestraighter.Hewasheavier.Hehadalookofconfidence.

Para.27…neatlydressed

II.ForPart2QuestionsandAnswers

1.WhatisthekeytoTony’ssuccess?

（TonyworkedveryhardtocreatehisAmericanDream.Besides,hewasdetermined,self-controlled,optimistic,self-respected,honestandresponsible.Allthesehelpedhimbecomesuccessful.）

2.CompareTonywiththegreatestindustrialists.

（BothTonyandthegreatestindustrialistsaresuccessfulinpursuingtheirAmericanDreams.Theyreachedtheirsuccessbyworkinghard,andbythesamevaluesandprinciples.Theonlydifferencewasthattheyhaddifferentfinancialachievements.）

DetailedReading

I.DifficultSentences

1.“Imowyourlawn,”hesaid.（Para.2）

Howmanytimesisthesentence—“Imowyourlawn.”—repeatedinthetext?

Whyisitrepeated?

（Thesentenceisrepeatedfourtimes.That’sbecauseitshowsTony’sdeterminationinfindingajob,andhisoptimisticviewthatpeoplewouldhelpamanwhoneededajob.）

2.Well,whatdoyoudowithsuchdeterminationandhope?

（Para.12）

Paraphrasethesentence.

（Itishardtorefuseapersonwhoisdeterminedandhopefultogetajob.）

3.MywifeandIweredelightedwithwhatwefeltwasasatisfyingendofthestory.（Para.16）

1）Paraphrasethesentence.

（MywifeandIwerehappywithwhatTonyhadachieved,andthoughtthatthewholethinghadthusbeensettled.）

2）WasTonysatisfiedwiththisend?

（Tonywasnotsatisfied.Hekeptonworkingharduntilhefulfilledhisbetterdreams.）

4.Fromthenon,itwasinterestingtoseethatanydiscardedoddsandendsaroundourplace—abrokenscreen,abitofhardware,boardsfrompacking—Tonywouldgatherandtakehome.（Para.21）

1）WhydidTonytakehomethediscardedoddsandends?

（Tonyboughtahouse,whichwasacompletewreck.Tofixanddecorateit,and,aboveall,tosavemoney,hetookhomethediscardedoddsandends.）

2）TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。

）

5.Hehadhuntedaroundtheedgeoftownuntilhefoundasmall,abandonedpieceofpropertywithahouseandshed.（Para.26）

1）Whatdoes“property”referto?

（“Property”referstothefarmhewantedtobuy.）

2）TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。

）

6.Hegrewinstatureinmymind.（Para.30）

1）Paraphrasethesentence.

（Hegrewtallerandgreaterinmymind.Hissocialstatusgreatlyimprovedinmymind.）

2）DescribethechangeofTony’ssocialstatusinMr.Crawford’smind.

（WhenMr.CrawfordfirstmetTony,Tonywas“aboutfive-foot-sevenoreight,andthin”,andhisEnglishwasbroken.HeremainedstandingwhenhetalkedtoMr.Crawford.Hedidnothavehighsocialstatus.Afterheboughthisfarmseveralyearslater,he“seemedtostandalittlestraighter”,andhe“hadalookofconfidence”.HeandMr.Crawford“satdownandtalked”.HissocialstatusimprovedenoughtoallowhimtositdownwithMr.Crawford.Afterhepassedaway,Mr.Crawfordthought“hestoodastall,andasproud,asthegreatestAmericanindustrialists.”）

7.Tonydidnotbeginonthebottomrungoftheladder.Hebeganinthebasement.（Para.32）

1）Whatdoes“ladder”referto?

Andwhatdoes“basement”referto?

（“Ladder”referstothewaytosuccess.“Basement”referstoTony’sstartingpoint.Hewasworsethanordinarypeople.HehadnothingtohelphimseekhisAmericanDream.）

2）Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?

（TonyhadnothingwhenhearrivedintheUnitedStates,andhebuiltupfromnothing.）

8.But,afterall,thebalancesheetswereexactlythesame.Theonlydifferencewaswhereyouputthedecimalpoint.（Para.32）

1）Whatdobalancesheetsreferto?

Andwhatdoesdecimalpointreferto?

（Balancesheetsareusedtoshowwhetherapersonoracompanyisfinanciallysuccessful.Heretheyareusedtojudgeaperson’slifeachievements.Ifthedecimalpointismoved,anumberwillbecomeeithersmallerorbigger.HereitshowsthedifferenceintheamountofmoneyTonyandthegreatestindustrialistshadmade.）

2）Whatcanyouinferfromthesentences?

（WhatTonyandthegreatestindustrialistsachievedwasexactlythesame.Theonlydifferencewasthattheyhaddifferentfinancialsuccess.）

II.Words&Expressions

turnaway:

refusetohelp（sb.）orallow（sb.）toenteraplace

-他拒绝了所有的应征者。

（Heturnedalltheapplicantsaway.）

-Heturnedawayseveralpeoplewhodidn’thavethetickets.

Collocation:

turndown拒绝；调低

turnin交还，上交

turninto使变成

turnoff关；拐弯

turnout生产，制造；证明，结果

turnover仔细考虑

turnup出现，来到；开大，调大

workout:

plan;solve;calculate

-他们已经设计出把宇宙飞船送上太空的方法。

（They’veworkedoutamethodofsendingaspacecrafttothespace.）

-The