全新版大学英语第二版综合教程 第1册 Unit 4 Tony Trivisonnos American Dream.docx
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全新版大学英语第二版综合教程第1册Unit4TonyTrivisonnosAmericanDream
BeforeReading>>TheAmericanDream
AmericanDreamisthebeliefthateveryoneintheUnitedStateshasthechancetoachievesuccessandprosperity.Forordinarypeople,itmeansahappyfamily,anidealjob,andanicehouse.Forminoritiesandimmigrants,italsoincludesfreedomandequalrights.
BeforeReading>>Immigrants
I.Introduction
Listentothepassageandfillintheblankswiththemissingwords.
Apartfrom“NativeAmericans”—Indians,allAmericanshaveancestorswhowereimmigrants.TheUnitedStateshasbecomethehomeofimmigrantsfromallovertheworld.SomeimmigrantscometotheUnitedStatesinsearchofaplacetopracticetheirreligionfreely,whileothersseekpoliticaloreconomicprotection.Stillothersarriveinhopesofbuildingabetterlifeforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.
II.FirstImmigrants
ThefirstimmigrantstoAmericacamealmostfromwesternEurope.Duringthefirstdecadesofthe17thcentury,settlersfromEnglandcolonizedVirginiaandNewEngland.ImmigrationtoNewEnglandbeganin1620whenEnglishPuritansestablishedPlymouthColonyinpresent-dayMassachusetts.ThevaluesofthesePuritansettlersstronglyinfluencedthecultureoftheAmericancoloniesandlateroftheUnitedStates.
BeforeReading>>TheGreatDepression
TheGreatDepressionisconsideredthemostsevereeconomiccrisisintheindustrializedworld.ItbeganwhenAmericanstockmarketfellonFriday,Oct.24,1929,andcontinuedthefollowingTuesday,knownasBlackTuesday,withagreaterfall.TheDepressionstruckmanyothercountriesaswell,particularlyGermany,Japan,andBritain.Intheearly1930smillionsofpeoplelosttheirjobs,andmillionsofbusinessesandbanksfailed.PresidentFranklinD.Roosevelt’sNewDealpoliciesimprovedthesituation,buttheGreatDepressiondidnotcometoanenduntilWorldWarIIwhenindustrialproductionforthewarincreased.
BeforeReading>>Mortgage
I.Mortgage
Mortgageisanagreementtohavemoneylent,especiallytobuyahouseorland,withthehouseorlandbelongingtothelenderuntilthemoneyisrepaid.Itenablesapersontobuyahousewithouthavingenoughmoneytopayforitcompletely.Iftheborrowerfailstorepaytheloan,thelendermayforcethesaleofthehousetorecovertheamountoftheloan.
II.HowtoGetaMortgage
A borrower can getamortgagefromabank,creditunion,orotherlender.Mostlendersrequiretheborrowertohaveacertainamountofmoneytouseasadownpayment.Forexample,ifanindividualwantstobuyahomepricedat$50,000andthelenderrequiresadownpaymentof$2,000,theindividualwillapplyforaloanof$48,000topayforthedifference.Paymentsfortheloanareusuallymademonthly.Thelifeofthemortgagecanbe15,20,30,oreven40years.
BeforeReading>>Warm-upQuestions
1.WhatistheAmericanDreaminyouropinion?
2.Inwhatwayscanapersonbeconsideredasbeingsuccessful?
3.Whatisthekeytosuccess?
4.Tellastoryofasuccessfulperson.
GlobalReading>>PartDivisionoftheText
Parts
Para(s)
MainIdeas
1
1~29
WithdeterminationandwithhelpfromMr.Crawford,Tonyachievedhisdreamofhavinghisownfarm.
2
30~33
Tony’scareersettheauthorthinkingaboutwhyandtowhatextenthehadbeensuccessful.
GlobalReading>>FurtherUnderstanding
I.ForPart1
i.TableCompletion
HowTonyFulfilledHisAmericanDream
Parts
TimeExpressions
Tony’sStepstowardSuccess
1~10
oneeveningduringtheGreatDepression
TonystartedtoworkasahelpatMr.Crawford’shouse.
11~13
summerpassedintofall
TonygotajobclearingsnowatMr.Crawford’sfactory.
14~16
oneday
Tonyaskedtobetrainedasanapprentice,andlaterlearnedtobeaskilledworker.
17~21
ayearortwopassed
TonyboughtahousewiththehelpofMr.Crawford.
22~27
afterabouttwoyears
TonyboughtafarmandsentforhisfamilyinItaly.
28~33
duringthewar
Tonydied,leavinghisfamilyaprosperousfarmandhischildreneducated.
ii.Matching
Matchthefollowingthreecolumns.
Tony’srequest
Theauthor’sfeeling
Results
1.“Imowyourlawn.”
A.Well,whatdoyoudowithsuchdeterminationandhope?
I.…hehadgraduatedasaskilledgrinder.…MywifeandIfeltitwasasatisfyingendofthestory.
2.“Whenwintercome,yougivemejobclearingsnowatthefactory.”
B.IdoubtedwhetherTonyhadthecapacitytoreadblueprintsandmicrometersordoprecisionwork.
II.Mywifesaidhewasveryhelpfulwhenevertherewereanyheavyobjectstoliftorthingstofix.
3.“Iwanttobe’prentice.”
C.Iwentintomyhouseunhappy...buthowcouldIturnawayapersonwhohadcometomeforhelp?
III.Iaskedthepersonneldepartmentforareport.TheysaidTonywasaverygoodworker.
(1—C—II;2—A—III;3—B—I)
iii.Scanning
ScanthetexttofindoutdescriptionsofTony’sphysicalappearance.
Para.1Hewasaboutfive-foot-sevenoreight,andthin.
Para.22Heseemedtostandalittlestraighter.Hewasheavier.Hehadalookofconfidence.
Para.27…neatlydressed
II.ForPart2QuestionsandAnswers
1.WhatisthekeytoTony’ssuccess?
(TonyworkedveryhardtocreatehisAmericanDream.Besides,hewasdetermined,self-controlled,optimistic,self-respected,honestandresponsible.Allthesehelpedhimbecomesuccessful.)
2.CompareTonywiththegreatestindustrialists.
(BothTonyandthegreatestindustrialistsaresuccessfulinpursuingtheirAmericanDreams.Theyreachedtheirsuccessbyworkinghard,andbythesamevaluesandprinciples.Theonlydifferencewasthattheyhaddifferentfinancialachievements.)
DetailedReading
I.DifficultSentences
1.“Imowyourlawn,”hesaid.(Para.2)
Howmanytimesisthesentence—“Imowyourlawn.”—repeatedinthetext?
Whyisitrepeated?
(Thesentenceisrepeatedfourtimes.That’sbecauseitshowsTony’sdeterminationinfindingajob,andhisoptimisticviewthatpeoplewouldhelpamanwhoneededajob.)
2.Well,whatdoyoudowithsuchdeterminationandhope?
(Para.12)
Paraphrasethesentence.
(Itishardtorefuseapersonwhoisdeterminedandhopefultogetajob.)
3.MywifeandIweredelightedwithwhatwefeltwasasatisfyingendofthestory.(Para.16)
1)Paraphrasethesentence.
(MywifeandIwerehappywithwhatTonyhadachieved,andthoughtthatthewholethinghadthusbeensettled.)
2)WasTonysatisfiedwiththisend?
(Tonywasnotsatisfied.Hekeptonworkingharduntilhefulfilledhisbetterdreams.)
4.Fromthenon,itwasinterestingtoseethatanydiscardedoddsandendsaroundourplace—abrokenscreen,abitofhardware,boardsfrompacking—Tonywouldgatherandtakehome.(Para.21)
1)WhydidTonytakehomethediscardedoddsandends?
(Tonyboughtahouse,whichwasacompletewreck.Tofixanddecorateit,and,aboveall,tosavemoney,hetookhomethediscardedoddsandends.)
2)TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
(从那以后,只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物,坏了的屏风啦,五金器具啦,包装纸板啦,托尼都要收起来拿回家,看他这个样子真是有意思。
)
5.Hehadhuntedaroundtheedgeoftownuntilhefoundasmall,abandonedpieceofpropertywithahouseandshed.(Para.26)
1)Whatdoes“property”referto?
(“Property”referstothefarmhewantedtobuy.)
2)TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
(他在小镇周边到处找,终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产,有一幢房,还有间小棚。
)
6.Hegrewinstatureinmymind.(Para.30)
1)Paraphrasethesentence.
(Hegrewtallerandgreaterinmymind.Hissocialstatusgreatlyimprovedinmymind.)
2)DescribethechangeofTony’ssocialstatusinMr.Crawford’smind.
(WhenMr.CrawfordfirstmetTony,Tonywas“aboutfive-foot-sevenoreight,andthin”,andhisEnglishwasbroken.HeremainedstandingwhenhetalkedtoMr.Crawford.Hedidnothavehighsocialstatus.Afterheboughthisfarmseveralyearslater,he“seemedtostandalittlestraighter”,andhe“hadalookofconfidence”.HeandMr.Crawford“satdownandtalked”.HissocialstatusimprovedenoughtoallowhimtositdownwithMr.Crawford.Afterhepassedaway,Mr.Crawfordthought“hestoodastall,andasproud,asthegreatestAmericanindustrialists.”)
7.Tonydidnotbeginonthebottomrungoftheladder.Hebeganinthebasement.(Para.32)
1)Whatdoes“ladder”referto?
Andwhatdoes“basement”referto?
(“Ladder”referstothewaytosuccess.“Basement”referstoTony’sstartingpoint.Hewasworsethanordinarypeople.HehadnothingtohelphimseekhisAmericanDream.)
2)Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?
(TonyhadnothingwhenhearrivedintheUnitedStates,andhebuiltupfromnothing.)
8.But,afterall,thebalancesheetswereexactlythesame.Theonlydifferencewaswhereyouputthedecimalpoint.(Para.32)
1)Whatdobalancesheetsreferto?
Andwhatdoesdecimalpointreferto?
(Balancesheetsareusedtoshowwhetherapersonoracompanyisfinanciallysuccessful.Heretheyareusedtojudgeaperson’slifeachievements.Ifthedecimalpointismoved,anumberwillbecomeeithersmallerorbigger.HereitshowsthedifferenceintheamountofmoneyTonyandthegreatestindustrialistshadmade.)
2)Whatcanyouinferfromthesentences?
(WhatTonyandthegreatestindustrialistsachievedwasexactlythesame.Theonlydifferencewasthattheyhaddifferentfinancialsuccess.)
II.Words&Expressions
turnaway:
refusetohelp(sb.)orallow(sb.)toenteraplace
-他拒绝了所有的应征者。
(Heturnedalltheapplicantsaway.)
-Heturnedawayseveralpeoplewhodidn’thavethetickets.
Collocation:
turndown拒绝;调低
turnin交还,上交
turninto使变成
turnoff关;拐弯
turnout生产,制造;证明,结果
turnover仔细考虑
turnup出现,来到;开大,调大
workout:
plan;solve;calculate
-他们已经设计出把宇宙飞船送上太空的方法。
(They’veworkedoutamethodofsendingaspacecrafttothespace.)
-The