高考真题英语分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活议论类.docx

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高考真题英语分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活议论类.docx

高考真题英语分项汇编专题15阅读理解社会生活议论类

三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编

专题15阅读理解社会生活、议论类

一、2019年高考真题

1.【2019·全国卷II,C】

MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-booasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?

Noneofyourbusiness!

LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndliemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.

Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreafastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.

“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,younow?

”Bechtelsaid,looingupfromherboo.Bechtel,whoworsindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworerssometimes,butliemanyofus,toooftenworsthroughlunchatherdes.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertoeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworfeelingenergied.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.

Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMaoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Heliesthathecansitandchechisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebareeperwithwhomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinabouttherestofthewee,”hesaid.“It'sachanceforself-reflection,Youreturntoworrechargedandwithaplan.”

Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeoplelietoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawwardaboutasingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestoeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn'tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealtheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.

28.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?

A.FoodvarietyB.Eatinghabits.

C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.

29.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?

A.Tomeetwithhercoworers.

B.Tocatchupwithherwor.

C.Tohavesometimeonherown.

D.Tocollectdataforherreport.

30.WhatdowenowaboutMaoleny?

A.Hemaesvideosforthebar.

B.He’sfondofthefoodatthebar.

C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.

D.He’sfamiliarwiththebareeper.

31.Whatisthetetmainlyabout?

A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.

B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.

C.Thestressfromworingovertime.

D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.

【语篇解读】本文通过一份调查结果显示,很大比例的人选择独自用餐,原因很多,比如逃离工作氛围,或者反思自己,但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。

28.B

【解析】推理判断题。

根据第二段可知,在美国,约有46%的人们独自用餐,53%的人们独自吃早餐,46%的人们独自吃午餐,只有74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用,故可知本段的数据是关于用餐习惯,故选B。

29.C

【解析】细节理解题。

根据第三段Alunchtimeescapeallowshertoeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself.可知,Bechtel一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的关注,给自己留一些自由时间,故选C。

30.D

【解析】推理判断题。

根据第四段heliesthathecansitandchechisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebareeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction.可知Maoleny喜欢这样的气氛,因为可以坐在那里,查看手机信息,或者想聊天了,可以直呼吧台服务员名字和他聊天,故可知,他与服务员很熟悉,可以直呼对方名字,故选D。

31.A

【解析】主旨大意题。

本文通过一份调查结果显示,很大比例的人选择独自用餐,原因很多,比如逃离工作氛围,或者反思自己,但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势,故选A。

2.【2019·全国卷III,B】

ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.

"It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource()ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetwors,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(时尚)shows.

Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALooingGlassehibitioninNewYorehibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworsofart,withtheaimofeploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theehibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.

"Chinaisimpossibletooverloo,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AleanderWang,JasonWuaretaingonGaliano,Alba,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHil.

ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermaret;inmanysensesithasbecomethemaret.Ifyoutalaboutfashiontoday,youaretalingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtaingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacnowledgingthatinmanyways."

24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheehibitioninNewYor?

A.Itpromotedthesalesofartwors.

B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.

C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.

D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.

25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?

A.Theyaresettingthefashion.B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.

C.Theyadmiresupermodels.D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.

26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"taingon"inparagraph4mean?

A.learningfromB.looingdownon

C.woringwithD.competingagainst

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetet?

A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorld

B.AChineseArtEhibitionHeldinNewYor

C.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAesthetics

D.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends

【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。

文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响,中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。

中国成了世界时尚的风向标。

24.B

【解析】细节理解题。

答案定位在第三段Theehibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.(此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录,显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。

)由此可知,纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者,故选B。

25.A

【解析】细节理解题。

答案定位在第四段Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.(中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人,这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。

)由此可知,Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚,故选A。

26.D

【解析】词义猜测题。

下文andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。

由此推断出上文VeraWang,AleanderWang,JasonWuaretaingonGalliano,Alba,MareJacobs的意思是VeraWang、AleanderWang和JasonWu正在与Galliano、Alba和MareJacobs竞争。

taingon意思是“竞争”,故选D。

27.D

【解析】主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段chinaanditsculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforwesterncreations.以及最后一段Ifyoutalaboutfashiontoday,youaretalingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtaingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacnowledgingthatinmanyways."(如果你今天谈论时尚,你谈论的是中国——它的影响,它的方向,它令人惊叹的服装,以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。

),结合全文内容,可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”,故选D。

3.【2019·天津卷,D】

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?

Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-nows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteaboo.

Thebooturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes,andtheboowasDonQuiote(《堂吉诃德》).Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestionwhydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?

We'veallnownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymar.I'mnottalingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefiedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecialiationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolean,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.

Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandsills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecaneeponlearning.Thenwewillnowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos(自我),whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towor,ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate(视……等同于)“commitment”withsuch“caring”occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhowortowardsuchecellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruc,orrunningastore-maetheworldbetterjustbybeingtheindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.

51.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat_________.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativity

B.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoal

C.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfate

D.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess

52.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?

A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.

B.Wasteone'senergytaingriss.

C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.

53.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.

B.Thosewhotendtothinbaccanhardlygoahead.

C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.

D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.

54.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?

A.Ato

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