高考真题英语分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活议论类.docx

高考真题英语分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活议论类.docx

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高考真题英语分项汇编专题15阅读理解社会生活议论类

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编

专题15阅读理解社会生活、议论类

一、2019年高考真题

1.【2019·全国卷II，C】

MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-booasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?

Noneofyourbusiness!

LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndliemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.

Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreafastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.

“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone，buttogether，younow？

”Bechtelsaid，looingupfromherboo.Bechtel，whoworsindowntownWestPalmBeach，haslunchwithcoworerssometimes，butliemanyofus，toooftenworsthroughlunchatherdes.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertoeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworfeelingenergied.“Today，Ijustwantedsometimetomyself，”shesaid.

Justtwoseatsover，AndrewMaoleny，alocalvideographer，isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Heliesthathecansitandchechisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebareeperwithwhomhe'sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction（交流）.“Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinabouttherestofthewee,”hesaid.“It'sachanceforself-reflection,Youreturntoworrechargedandwithaplan.”

Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeoplelietoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawwardaboutasingforatableforone，butthosedaysareover.Now，wehaveoursmartphonestoeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn'tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealtheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit，whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.

28.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?

A.FoodvarietyB.Eatinghabits.

C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.

29.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?

A.Tomeetwithhercoworers.

B.Tocatchupwithherwor.

C.Tohavesometimeonherown.

D.Tocollectdataforherreport.

30.WhatdowenowaboutMaoleny?

A.Hemaesvideosforthebar.

B.He’sfondofthefoodatthebar.

C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.

D.He’sfamiliarwiththebareeper.

31.Whatisthetetmainlyabout?

A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.

B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.

C.Thestressfromworingovertime.

D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.

【语篇解读】本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。

28.B

【解析】推理判断题。

根据第二段可知，在美国，约有46%的人们独自用餐，53%的人们独自吃早餐，46%的人们独自吃午餐，只有74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用，故可知本段的数据是关于用餐习惯，故选B。

29.C

【解析】细节理解题。

根据第三段Alunchtimeescapeallowshertoeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself.可知，Bechtel一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的关注，给自己留一些自由时间，故选C。

30.D

【解析】推理判断题。

根据第四段heliesthathecansitandchechisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebareeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction.可知Maoleny喜欢这样的气氛，因为可以坐在那里，查看手机信息，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧台服务员名字和他聊天，故可知，他与服务员很熟悉，可以直呼对方名字，故选D。

31.A

【解析】主旨大意题。

本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势，故选A。

2.【2019·全国卷III，B】

ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.

"It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource（）ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetwors,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion（时尚）shows.

Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALooingGlassehibitioninNewYorehibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworsofart,withtheaimofeploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics（美学）onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theehibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.

"Chinaisimpossibletooverloo,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AleanderWang,JasonWuaretaingonGaliano,Alba,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHil.

ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermaret;inmanysensesithasbecomethemaret.Ifyoutalaboutfashiontoday,youaretalingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtaingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacnowledgingthatinmanyways."

24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheehibitioninNewYor?

A.Itpromotedthesalesofartwors.

B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.

C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.

D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.

25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?

A.Theyaresettingthefashion.B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.

C.Theyadmiresupermodels.D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.

26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"taingon"inparagraph4mean?

A.learningfromB.looingdownon

C.woringwithD.competingagainst

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetet?

A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorld

B.AChineseArtEhibitionHeldinNewYor

C.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAesthetics

D.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends

【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。

文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。

中国成了世界时尚的风向标。

24.B

【解析】细节理解题。

答案定位在第三段Theehibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.（此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。

）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。

25.A

【解析】细节理解题。

答案定位在第四段Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.（中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。

）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故选A。

26.D

【解析】词义猜测题。

下文andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。

由此推断出上文VeraWang,AleanderWang,JasonWuaretaingonGalliano,Alba,MareJacobs的意思是VeraWang、AleanderWang和JasonWu正在与Galliano、Alba和MareJacobs竞争。

taingon意思是“竞争”，故选D。

27.D

【解析】主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段chinaanditsculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforwesterncreations.以及最后一段Ifyoutalaboutfashiontoday,youaretalingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtaingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacnowledgingthatinmanyways."（如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。

），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。

3.【2019·天津卷，D】

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？

Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning，andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-nows-whatmotives，hedeterminestowriteaboo.

Thebooturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes，andtheboowasDonQuiote（《堂吉诃德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestionwhydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays，whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？

We'veallnownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymar.I'mnottalingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefiedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus，infact，progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecialiationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But，ifwearewillingtolean，theopportunitiesareeverywhere.

Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandsills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease，somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm，wecaneeponlearning.Thenwewillnowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However，wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones，tofellowhumans，towor，ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate（视……等同于）“commitment”withsuch“caring”occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhowortowardsuchecellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruc，orrunningastore-maetheworldbetterjustbybeingtheindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.

51.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat_________.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativity

B.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoal

C.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfate

D.disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess

52.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean？

A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.

B.Wasteone'senergytaingriss.

C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.

53.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4？

A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.

B.Thosewhotendtothinbaccanhardlygoahead.

C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.

D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.

54.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5？

A.Ato