职称英语考试理工类A级补全短文模拟试题word版.docx
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职称英语考试理工类A级补全短文模拟试题word版
HeatIsKiller
Extremelyhotweatheriscommoninmanypartsoftheworld.Althoughhotweatherjustmakesmostpeoplefeelhot,itcancauseseriousmedicalproblems—evendeath.Floods,storms,volcanoeruptionsandothernaturaldisasterskillthousandsofpeopleeveryyear.(l).Expertssayheatmaybenature'sdeadliestkiller.Recently,extremeheatwasblamedforkillingmorethanonehundredpeopleinIndia.Itisreportedthatthetotalheatofahotdayorseveraldayscanaffecthealth.
(2).Expertssayheatwavesoftenbecomedangerouswhenthenighttimetemperaturedoesnotdropmuchfromthehighestdaytimetemperature.Thiscausesgreatstressonthehumanbody.
(3).Stayoutofthesun,ifpossible.Drinklotsofcoolwater.Wearlightcoloredclothingmadeofnaturalmaterials;avoidwearingsyntheticclothing.Makesuretheclothingisloose,permittingfreedomofmovement1.Andlearnthedangersignsofthemedicalproblems,suchasheadacheandvomiting,thatarelinkedtoheat.(4).Thepainisawarningthatthebodyisbecomingtoohot.Doctorssaythosesufferingheadacheormusclepainshouldstopallactivityandrestinacoolplaceanddrinkcoolliquids.Donotreturntophysicalactivity3forafewhoursbecausemoreseriousconditionscoulddevelop.
Doctorssaysomepeoplesfaceanincreaseddangerfromheatstress.(5).
Hotweatheralsoincreasesdangersforpeoplewhomusttakemedicineforhighbloodpressure4,poorbloodflow,nervousnessordepression.
词汇:
eruption.爆发,喷发vomit呕吐
deadly致命的muscle肌肉synthetic合成的
注释:
1.Makesuretheclothingisloose,permittingfreedomofmovement.衣月艮——定要宽松,以便活.动自如。
makesure意为“确信,保证”,其后面从句的谓语要用一般现在时。
一如:
Makesurethedoorislockedbeforeyouleave0permittingfreedomofmovement是分词短语,用做目的状语。
2.Thepainisawarningthatthebodyisbecomingtoohot.疼痛是一个警告,说明你的身体过热。
thatthebodyisbecomingtoohot是同位语从句,与warning同位,说明warning的内容
3.physicalactivity:
体力活动
4.Hotweatheralsoincreasesdangersforpeoplewhomusttakemedicineforhighbloodpressure...:
炎热天气对于那些必须服药以控制血压的人,?
?
…也增加了危险性。
练习:
ASuchpersonshaveaweakordamagedheart,highbloodpressure,orotherproblemsofthebloodsystem.
BSeveraloftheseconditionsarepresentatthesametime.
CMostpeoplesufferonlymusclepainasaresultofheatstress.
DSeveralhotdaysareconsideredaheatwave.
ESodoesextremeheat.
FDoctorssaypeoplecandomanythingstoprotectthemselvesfromthedangersofextremeheat.
答案与题解:
1.E本文&标题是HeatIsKiller,通篇文章说的是heat的危害性及预防方法。
“空1”前面的句子是,"Floods,storms,volcanoeruptionsandothernaturaleventskillthousandsofpeopleeveryyear",“空1”后面的句子是,“…heatmaybenature'sdeadliestkiller"。
所以这里应将最致命的杀手E提出。
2.D“空2”后面的句子说到heatwaves,而选项D的句子中也出现heatwave,说明这两个句子意思上有联系。
“空2”的句子是对“heatwave”下定义,为下一句的展开作了铺垫。
D是答案。
3.F第一段末尾说,白天的热浪,如果到夜晚没有降温,会给身体带来巨大压力,这是很危险的。
第二段就列举了许多保护自己免受高温伤害的方法。
“空3”的句子应该是位于段首的概括句。
选项F说人们有多种办法保护自己,完全符合要求,因此是答案。
4.C紧跟“空4”后面句子中有特指的thepain,说明前文一定出现过pain这个词。
选项C的句子中有pain,且C的句子填入后,上下文意思连贯,所以是答案。
5.A“空5”前面的句子意思为:
某些人在热浪期间特别危险。
读者或许会问,是哪些人呢?
选项A回答了这个问题,所以是答案。
译文:
高温杀手
世界各地常常会出现高温天气。
别以为高温仅仅让人们感觉炎热,实际上它还会引发疾病——甚至死亡。
每年数苄万人死于洪水、风暴、火山喷发和其他自然灾害。
极热天气也是如此。
专家指出,高温可能是大自然最致命的杀手。
近来,印度有一百多人死于高温天气。
据报道,一天或七天里遭受持续高温的袭击将影响健康。
持续几天的高温被称为热浪。
专家?
K,白天的热浪,如果到夜晚没有降温,:
会给身体带来巨大压力,这是很危险的。
医生说,人们有很多方法保护自己免受高温的侵害。
如果可能的话,尽量避免阳光直射,多喝凉水。
要穿天然材料制作的浅色服装,不穿合成面料服装。
衣服一定要宽松,以便活动自如。
了解高温引发疾病的危险信号,比如头疼、呕吐。
大多数人遭受高温仅会感到肌肉疼痛。
疼痛是一个警告,说明你的身体过热。
医生提出,一旦感觉头疼和肌肉疼痛就应该停止一切活动,在阴凉地方休息,喝清凉饮料。
几小时内都不要进行体力活动,否则还会导致更严重的状况。
医生还指出,一些特殊群体在热浪期间特别危险。
他们心脏衰弱、有高血压或其他心血管病。
炎热天气对于那些必须服药以控制血压、血流不畅、精神紧张、抑郁的人也是特别危险的。
PublicRelations
Publicrelationsisabroadsetofplannedcommunicationsaboutthecompany,includingpublicityreleases,designedtopromotegoodwillandafavorableimage1.
(1)Sincepublicrelationsinvolvescommunicationswithstockholders,financialanalysts,governmentofficials,andothernoncustomergroups,itisusuallyplacedoutsidethemarketingdepartment,perhapsasastaffdepartmentoroutsideconsultingfirmreportingtotopmanagement.Thisorganizationalplacementcanbealimitationbecausethepublicrelationsdepartmentorconsultantwilllikelynotbeintunewith2marketingefforts.
(2)
Althoughthebasicpurposeofpublicrelationsistoprovidepositiveinfluenceonthepublicimage,thisinfluencegenerallymaybelessthanthatprovidedbytheothercomponentsofthepublicimagemix.
(3)Publicityontheotherhandshouldnotbedivorcedfromthemarketingdepartment4,asitcanprovideausefuladjunctto5theregularadvertising.(4)
Thepointwewishtoemphasizeisthatafirmisdeludingitselfifitthinksitspublicrelationsfunction,whetherwithinthecompanyoranoutsidefirm,cantakecareofpublicimageproblemsandopportunities.(5)Manyofthesehavetodowiththewaythefirmdoesbusiness7,suchasitsproductquality,theservicingandhandlingofcomplaints,andthetenoroftheadvertising.Publicrelationsanddirectedpublicitymayhelphighlightfavorablenewsworthyevents,andmayevensucceedintoningdowntheworstofunfavorablepublicity,buttheothercomponentsofthepublicimagemixcreatemorelastingimpressions.
词汇:
goodwill.信誉;善意,友好;愿意,乐意
noncustomergroup非消费者群体consultingfirm咨询公司o
vertone联想;暗示;次要的作用(或意义);弦外之音
delude欺骗,哄骗newsworthy有新闻价值的
注释:
1....designedtopromotegoodwillandafavorableimage.:
……旨在提高信誉,树立良好形象。
2.intunewith:
与……协调,与……一致。
例如:
Thepriceofgoldcoinsfluctuatesintunewithcommodities.金币的价格随商品涨落。
3.beintheformof:
是(或有)……形式(或形状)。
例如:
Goldwasfoundintheancienttombintheformofbars.在古墓中发现了铸成金条的黄金。
4.Publicityontheotherhandshouldnotbedivorcedfromthemarketingdepartment...另一方面,宣传也不能脱离营销部门……
5.ausefuladjunctto...:
对……的有用补充
6.downrightill-advised:
十分不明智
7.Manyofthesehavetodowiththewaythefirmdoesbusiness.其中有许多因素与公司做生意的方式有关。
练习:
APublicitymaybeintheformofnewsreleasesthathavefavorableovertonesforthecompanyinitiatedbythepublicrelationsdepartment.
BFurthermore,notallpublicityisinitiatedbythe#firm;somecanresultfromanunfavorablepressasareactiontocertainactionsorlackofactionsthatarecontroversialorevendownrightill-advised.
TheWorld'sLongestBridge
Rumorhasitthat1alegendarysix-headedmonsterlurksinthedeepwatersoftheTyrrhenian
SeabetweenItalyandtheislandofSicily.
(1)Whencompletedin2010,theworld'slongestbridgewillweighnearly300,000tons一equivalenttotheicebergthatsanktheTitanic—andstretch5kilometerslong.“That'snearly50percentlongerthananyotherbridgeeverbuilt.’,saysstructuralengineerShaneRixon.
(2)They'resuspensionbridges,massivestructuresbuilttospanvastwaterchannelsorgorges.Asuspensionbridgeneedsjusttwotowerstoshoulderthestructure'smammothweight,thankstoheftysupportingcablesslungbetweenthetowersandanchoredfirmlyindeeppoolsofcementateachendofthebridge.TheMessinaStraitBridgewillhavetwo54,100-tontowers,whichwillsupportmostofthebridge'sload.Thebeefycablesofthebridge,each1.2meterindiameter,willholdupthelongestandwidestbridgedeckeverbuilt.
WhenconstructionbeginsontheMessinaStraitBridgein2005,thefirstjobwillbetoerecttwo370meter-tallsteeltowers.(3)Gettingthesecablesupwillbesomething2.It'snotjusttheirlength—totally5.3kilometers—buttheirweight.'——(4)
Afterloweringvertical“suspender’,cablesfromthemaincables,builderswillerecta60meter-wide54,630-tonsteelroadway,ordeck—wideenoughtoaccommodate12lanesoftraffic.Thedeck'sweightwillpulldownonthecableswithaforceof70,500tons.Inreturn,thecablesyankupagainsttheirfirmlyrootedanchorswithaforceof139,000tons—equivalenttotheweightofabout100,000cars.Thoseanchorsareessential.(5)
词汇:
legendary传说中的gorge峡谷
monster怪物,妖怪mammoth巨大的
lurk潜伏hefty高强度的
Sicily西西里岛(意大利南部)sling用悬带吊挂
TyrrhenianSea第勒尼安海beefy结实的
MessinaStrait墨西拿海峡yank拽
注释:
1.Rumorhasitthat:
有传言说…………rumorhasitthat是一种固定结构。
it是宾语,that引导的从句具体说明it的内容。
2.something:
值得重视的人或事
练习:
ASomeenvironmentalistsareagainsttheprojectonbiologicalgrounds.
BWhatdotheworld'slongestbridgeshaveincommon?
CIftrue,onedayyoumightspythebeastwhilezipping(呼晡而过)acrosstheMessinaStraitBridge.
DThey'rewhatwillkeepthebridgefromgoinganywhere.
EThesecondjobwillbetopulltwosetsofsteelcablesacrossthestrait,eachsetbeingabundleof44,352individualsteelwires.
FTheywilltipupthescalesat166,500tons—morethanhalfthebridge'stotal
MobilePhones
Mobilephonesshouldcarryalabeliftheyproved1tobeadangeroussourceofradiation,accordingtoRobertBell,ascientist.Andnomoremobilephonetransmittertowersshouldbebuiltuntilthelong-termhealtheffectsoftheelectromagneticradiationtheyemitarescientificallyevaluated,hesaid.“Nobody’sgoingtodropdeadovernight2butweshouldbeaskingformorescientificinformation,”RobertBellsaidataconferenceonthehealtheffectsoflow-levelradiation.____1____
Areportwidelycirculatedamongthepublicsaysthatuptonowscientistsdonotreallyknowenoughtoguaranteetherearenoill-effectsonhumansfromelectromagneticradiation.AccordingtoRobertBell,thereare3.3millionmobilephonesinAustraliaaloneandtheyareincreasingby2,000aday3.____2____
Aswell,thereare2,000transmittertowersaroundAustralia,manyinhighdensityresidentialareas5.____3____Theelectromagneticradiationemittedfromthesetowersmayhavealreadyproducedsomeharmfuleffectsonthehealthoftheresidentsnearby.
RobertBellsuggeststhatuntilmoreresearchiscompletedtheGovernmentshouldbanconstructionofphonetowersfromwithina500metreradiu