学年人教版高中英语选修八同步练习Unit 2 Cloning课时跟踪训练21 Word版含答案.docx

学年人教版高中英语选修八同步练习Unit 2 Cloning课时跟踪训练21 Word版含答案.docx

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学年人教版高中英语选修八同步练习Unit2Cloning课时跟踪训练21Word版含答案

课时跟踪训练2－1　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

1．Hisexplanationwasnot________（reason）,soallofusdidn'tacceptit.

2．Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthe________（differ）betweenthetwins.

3．Afterhis________（retire）,hesettleddowninaremotevillage.

4．Greydecidedtomovetothecountrysideandhismothermadeno________（object）toit.

5．WhatIwantis________（exact）thisone.

6．Wecan't________（undertake）theworkforthetimebeing.

7．Itisdifficult________（obtain）reliableevidence.

8．Weareplayingatrickonamanwhokeeps________（bother）me.

9．Hisownpride________（forbid）himtoaskTom'shelp.

10．Willtheybeable________（resist）thetemptationtobuy?

答案

1．reasonable　2.difference　3.retirement

4．objection　5.exactly　6.undertake　7.toobtain

8．bothering　9.forbids　10.toresist

Ⅱ.阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Thenewsthatresearchershaveusedcloningtomakehumanembryosforthepurposeofproducingstemcellsmayhavesomepeoplewonderingifitwouldeverbepossibletocloneaperson.Althoughitwouldbeimmoral,expertssayitislikelybiologicallypossibletocloneahumanbeing.Sincethe1950swhenresearchersclonedafrog,scientistshavecloneddozensofanimalspecies,includingmice,cats,sheep,pigsandcows.

Withmice,researchersareabletousethousandsofeggs,andconductmanyexperiments,toworkouttheseproblems.“It'sanumbersgame，”saidDr.RobertLanza,thechiefscientificofficeratabiotechcompany.“Butwithprimates（灵长类动物）,eggsareveryprecious,anditisnoteasytogetthemtoconductexperiments.”

Inaddition,researcherscan'tsimplyapplywhatthey'velearnedfromcloningmiceorcowstocloningpeople.Cloningananimalrequiresthatresearchersremoveproteinsthatarenecessarytohelpcellsdivide.Inmice,thisisn'taproblem,becausetheembryothatiscreatedisabletomaketheseproteinsagain.Butprimatesaren'tabletodothis,andresearchersthinkitmaybeonereasonthatattemptstoclonemonkeyshavefailed.

What'smore,clonedanimalsoftenhavedifferentkindsofabnormalities.Theseabnormitiesarecommonbecauseclonedembryoshavejustoneparentratherthantwo,whichmeansthataprocessknownas“imprinting（印记）”doesnotoccurproperlyinclonedembryos.

“Problemswithimprintingcanresultinextremelylargeembryos,whichleadstoproblemswithbloodflowforthebaby，”Lanzasaid.“Theextremelyhighrateofdeathandthedevelopmentalabnormitiesfromcloningmakescloningpeopleimmoral.It'slikesendingyourbabyupinarocketknowingthere'sa5050chancethatit'sgoingtoexplode.”

1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A．Animalcloningisillegal.

B．Humancloningispossible.

C．Humanembryosmayhavenewfunctions.

D．Animalembryoscanbeusedformedicine.

2．HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph2?

A．Bymakingcomparisons.

B．Byshowingprocesses.

C．Byofferinganalyses.

D．Byusingstatistics.

3.Howweretheexperimentsoncloningmonkeys?

A．Theyhavesolvedtheproblemwithproteins.

B．Theyhavebeenappliedtohumancloning.

C．Theyweresuccessful.

D．Theywereintrouble.

4．HowdoesLanzafeelabouthumancloning?

A．Itisrisky.B．Itispractical.

C．Itisbeneficial.D．Itispromising.

答案与解析

语篇导读：

本文是说明文。

文章介绍了动物克隆及人类克隆面临的难题。

1．B　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的expertssayitislikelybiologicallypossibletocloneahumanbeing可知，人体克隆具有可能性。

2．A　写作手法题。

第二段比较了老鼠和灵长类动物做克隆实验的不同点。

3．D　推理判断题。

根据第三段中的primatesaren'tabletodothis,andresearchersthinkitmaybeonereasonthatattemptstoclonemonkeyshavefailed可推断，对猴子进行的实验遇到了困境。

4．A　推理判断题。

根据末段中的It'slikesendingyourbabyupinarocketknowingthere'sa5050chancethatit'sgoingtoexplode可推断，人体克隆有很大的风险。

B

（2019年高考·课标全国卷I）

Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物测量）technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivateespaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalowcostdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plasticlikeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

5．Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A．Toreducepressureonkeys.

B．Toimproveaccuracyintyping.

C．Toreplacethepasswordsystem.

D．Tocutthecostofespaceprotection.

6．Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A．Computersaremucheasiertooperate.

B．Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C．Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.

D．Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

7．Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It'llbeenvironmentfriendly.

B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.

C.It'llbemadeofplastics.

D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.

8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A．Adiary.B．Aguidebook.

C．Anovel.D．Amagazine.

答案与解析

语篇导读：

这是一篇说明文。

数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，目前，像指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。

本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给espace用户带来安全，而且这项技术也不贵。

5．D　细节理解题。

根据第一段的Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.和第二段的ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalowcostdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:

asmartkeyboard.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低espace保护的成本。

故选D。

6．C　细节理解题。

根据第二段的Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus，thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities可知，因为每个人的打字方式不同，使智能键盘能够识别人的身份。

故选C。

7．B　细节理解题。

根据最后一段的Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。

故选B。

8．D　推理判断题。

本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给espace用户带来安全，由此可知，本文是关于科技，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本杂志。

故选D。

C

WhenIwentawaytocollege,Ichosetogotoalargeschoolinanotherstateinanattempttoneveragainseethosepopulargirls,theoneswhodrovequietgirlslikemeheadlongintothearmsofdustybooks.SinceIdidn'tknowasoulatthisuniversity,Ivolunteeredforaclubtomakefriends.That'showIendeduponewintereveningstandingoutsidethestudentunion,waitingforthenight'sfamousspeakertodriveup.Myassignmentwastoescort（护送）hertotheauditoriumwhereherfanseagerlywaitedtohearMayaAngelou,authorofIKnowWhytheCagedBirdSings.

Asshowtimeneared,Angelou'scarpulledup.Whenitsdooropened,Angelouandafemalefriendexited,eachwearingheadtotoefurcoats.Inervouslyguidedthepairinside.Angelouwasreadytosweeponstage,butfirst,therewasherfurcoat.Iofferedtobabysititbackstagetomakesureitwassafe.

“No,”shesaid.Shelookedoutattheaudience.“Youneedtogetoutthereandlive.”

SoIfoundafrontrowseatandheard,forthefirsttime,abookcomealiveinanauthor'sownvoice.Theaudienceclappedandcheeredastheywentalongontherideofthisperformance.

IwishIcouldsaythatmylifechangedthen.Butoutofcollege,Iwentdeeperintomyinteriorself,takingajobthatrequiredlittlehumancontact.Afewyearslater,Ibecameanewspapereditor,whichrequiredtalkingtomanypeople.Forthosetimes,Idependedonindex（索引）cards.ButIremindedmyselfthatAngelouhadn'tusednotes.

Today,I'minmy50s.IamspeakingcomfortablyaboutwhatIreallyknowtobetrue.Igetouttherenowandlive.

9．Whatkindofpersondidtheauthorusetobe?

A．Brave.B．Kind.

C．Careless.D．Shy.

10．WhydidAngeloudeclinetheauthor'soffertotakecareofherfurcoat?

A．Shewouldn'ttrustastrangerwithit.

B．Shethoughtitwasthedutyofherassistant.

C．Shewantedtheauthortoenjoytheperformance.

D．Shethoughtitwassafeenoughtoputitbackstage.

11．Soonaftergraduatingfromcollege,theauthor________.

A．foundajobasanewspapereditor

B．keptshuttingherselfinherownworld

C．changedalotunderAngelou'sinfluence

D．feltmoreconfidentwhenspeakinginpublic

12．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．GetOutThereandLive

B．TheNightIMetAngelou

C．SpeakfromYourInnerSelf

D．MyFriendshipwithAngelou

答案与解析

语篇导读：

作者讲述了一位著名的演说家所说的话和表演对自己的深远影响。

9．D　推理判断题。

根据第一段的“neveragainseethosepopulargirls,theoneswhodrovequietgirlslikeme”可推测，作者应该是个比较腼腆的女孩。

10．C　推理判断题。

根据第三段Angelou所说的话“Youneedtogetoutthereandlive.”和下文作者在观众席坐下来可知，Angelou希望作者把时间用在该用的地方，应该去看表演而不是看衣服。

11．B　细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段的“IwishIcouldsay...humancontact.”可知，作者刚毕业时，并未因Angelou的话而改变，还是把自己封闭起来。

12．A　标题归纳题。

根据第三段Angelou所说的话“Youneedtogetoutthereandlive.”和文章结尾“Igetouttherenowandlive.”可知，A项作标题表现出Angelou对本文作者的影响以及作者自身的改变，非常贴切。