高级词汇前缀.docx

高级词汇前缀.docx

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高级词汇前缀

Prefix

a=ab:

from,away

•abnormaladj.反常的，变态的，畸形的

•abolishv.废除，终止（thelaw）

•abstractadj.抽象的

•abusev/n.滥用---alcohol/antibiotic

ad=ab

•advance=from+before前进

•advantage

●ad=to,toward,

•adaptv.=to+fit使适应

•adeptadj.熟练的

•addictv,使沉溺于，使热衷于

•addressv./n.地址，演讲；解决

•adherev.粘着，附着=stick

•adverseadj.逆反的

•adversityn.逆境，不幸，灾难

Adversitymakespeoplewise.

•advocatev./n.支持，拥护;提倡者，支持者/advocator

Scepticsandadvocatesalikedoconcurononeissue.

anti-=against;oppositeto

•antibioticn./adj.

•antibacterialadj.抗菌的；bacterium;bacteria

•antibodyn

•anticanceradj.---drug

•antiagingadj.---agent抗衰老剂

•antipathy=against+feeling（反sympathy）

•antiwaradj.

•antisocialadj.不善社交的----behaviors

•Antarcticadj./n.南极的，南极地区

•Antarctican.南极洲

•antonymn.反义词/synonym同义词

•antivirusn.杀毒（软件）--software/computerviruses

auto=self,same

•automobilen./adj.汽车（的）

•autobiographyn.自传

•automaticadj.=self+thinking自动的

automaticdoor/transmission（自动变速器）

=instinctive（本能的），instinctivereaction

•autonomyn.=self+government自治区

•autocracyn.=self+rule;独裁，专制；democracy民主

bene=bon=well,good与male反

•benefitn.

•beneficialadj.

•benefactorn.

•benevolentadj.慈善的

bi=double;two

•bicycle

•bilingualadj.双语的

•bilingualismn.

•bilateraladj.双边的

circum-=around;roundabout=circu

•circumspectadj.慎重的，谨慎的，小心的-（around+look）=cautious

Thebanksshouldhavebeenmorecircumspectintheirdealings...

那些银行在交易中本该更加谨慎的

Sheisverycircumspectwhendealingwithstrangers.

•circumstancen.环境，情况,氛围，气氛=atmosphere/surroundings/climate/environment/situation

Shemadeitclearthatundernocircumstanceswouldshecancelthetrip.

她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行

Underthecircumstances,acrashwasunavoidable...

在那种情况下，撞车是难以避免的。

Inthecircumstances,Paisley'splanslookedhighlyappropriate.

佩斯利所拟定的计划在当时的情况下看来非常恰当

•circumnavigationn.环球旅游，周游世界navigate:

tofindtheway

•circuitn.一圈，一周，电路

Thereisaninternalcircuitbreakertoprotecttheinstrumentfromoverload.

内置有断路器，防止设备过载。

There'saclosed-circuittelevisioncamerainthereceptionarea.

接待处有一个闭路电视摄像头。

Theapproachwasintendedtoshort-circuitnormalcomplaintsprocedures.

这种方法旨在避开正常的投诉程序。

.Thefirewasstartedbyanelectricalshort-circuit.

火灾是由电线短路引发的。

•circulatev.流通，循环/circle/bloodcirculation

co-/com-/con-/col-/cor-=with;together；wholly

•cooperatev.合作

•coexistv.共存

•coincidev.与-一致；符合

•cohabitv.cohabitationn.同居

•combinev.综合

•composev.合成，component;decompose

•commencev.开始

•commutev.通勤

•compilev.编纂，编辑

•collaboratev.合作=cooperate

•collapsev./n.倒塌

•colleaguen.=coworker

•collidev.碰撞

•concentratev.集中，专心

•concludev.

•concordn.和谐一致

•concurv.totallyagree

•conferv.赐予，颁给

◆configurationn.=arrangement

◆confrontv.

v.（问题、任务或困难）降临，使面临 Ifyou areconfrontedwith aproblem,task,ordifficulty,youhavetodealwithit. 

Shewas confrontedwithseveremoneyproblems...

Ministersunderestimatedthemagnitudeofthetask confrontingthem.

部长们低估了他们所面临的任务的艰巨性。

v.勇敢地面对;正视 Ifyou confront adifficultsituationorissue,youacceptthefactthatitexistsandtrytodealwithit.  

Wearelearninghowto confront death...

NATOcountrieshavebeenforcedto confront fundamentalmoralquestions.

北约国家被迫正视基本的道德问题。

（NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization）

v.使面对（有威胁性或困难的事） Ifyou areconfronted bysomethingthatyoufindthreateningordifficulttodealwith,itisthereinfrontofyou.  

Iwas confrontedwithanarrayofknobs,levers,andswitches.

我面对的是一大堆旋钮、控制杆和开关。

v.与…对峙;与…对抗 Ifyou confront someone,youstandorsitinfrontofthem,especiallywhenyouaregoingtofight,argue,orcompetewiththem.  

Shepushedherwaythroughthemoband confrontedhimfacetoface...

她挤过骚动的人群，与他当面对峙。

Theydon'thesitatetoopenfirewhen confrontedbypolice...

他们遭遇警察时毫不犹豫地开火。

Thecandidates confrontedeachotherduringateleviseddebate.

候选人在电视辩论中当面交锋。

v.与…当面对证（或对质） Ifyou confront someone with something,youpresentfactsorevidencetotheminordertoaccusethemofsomething.  

Shehaddecidedto confront Kathrynwithwhatshehadlearnt...

她决定拿自己了解的事实与凯瑟琳当面对证。

Icouldnotbringmyselfto confront himaboutit...

我不忍心就这事和他对质。

His confrontingmeforcedmetosearchfortheanswers.

他对我的当面质询迫使我思索如何作答。

◆conjunctionn.同时发生；连词

（事件的）同时发生，同地发生 A conjunctionof twoormorethingsistheoccurrenceofthematthesametimeorplace.  

...the conjunction oftwoevents.

...a conjunction ofreligiousandsocialfactors.宗教因素和社会因素的并存

◆consumev.

•correlatev.使相互关联/correlation/correlatev./connect

v.相互关联;极为相似 Ifonething correlateswith another,thereisaclosesimilarityorconnectionbetweenthem,oftenbecauseonethingcausestheother.Youcanalsosaythattwothings correlate .  

Obesity correlateswithincreasedriskforhypertensionandstroke... 

肥胖会增加高血压和中风发作的几率。

ThelossofrespectforBritishscienceis correlatedtoreducedfunding...

英国科学界不如以前受重视，资金也因此减少。

v.使显示联系;使相互关联 Ifyou correlate things,youworkoutthewayinwhichtheyareconnectedorthewaytheyinfluenceeachother.  

Attemptsto correlate specificlanguagefunctionswithparticularpartsofthebrainhavenotadvancedveryfar...

人们试图把特定的语言功能与大脑的某些特定部位联系起来，这一努力目前还没有取得很大进展。

•correctv./adj.

contra-=contro-=counter=against

contra-

•contradictv.否认，辩驳contradictsb./yourself/eachother/dict说/dictation/dictator独裁者/predict/expect/anticipate

•contradictionn.

•contradictoryadj.self-contradictory/

•contraryadj.相反的on/tothecontrary

•contrast对比，比较，---difference/comparesimilarities;/resemble/like/as/in（sharp/marked/stark）contrastto/bycontrast

contro-

•controversyn.争论cause---over/about

•controversialadj.有争议的=dispute对比argue/refute（驳斥，驳倒）

ahighly----topic

•noncontroversialadj.

counter-

•counteractvt.:

todosthtoreduceorpreventthebadeffectofsth抵消；消除;---sthEg.Theseexercisesaimtocounteracttheeffectsofstressandtension.

翻译：

_____________________________________________________

•counteractionn./v.反作用，抵制

•counterbalancev./n抗衡，抵消=offset

•counterfeitn.造假；仿造品；假钞=fake反genuine;artificial;/counterfeitmoney/product假冒伪劣产品中的假冒伪都是fake;劣是inferior反superior

•counterpartn.职务相当的人，对应物

TheForeignMinisterheldtalkswithhisChinese counterpart.

 Itisnotauniqueinstance,buthasits counterpart.无独有偶.

Ithasno counterpart intheworld.举世无双.

de=down,downward

de=apartfrom,from

•debatev.讨论，辩论，（打倒）（down+beat）

•debrisn.残骸，垃圾，碎片（down+break）

•decayv./n.衰落，衰退，腐烂（down+fall）

•decease.n./v.死了（走了）（away+go）thedeceased

•deceivev.欺骗（from,away+take）

•decomposev.

•decodev.

•degeneratedadj.

•defrostv.去霜，去冰

•declinev./n.衰退，下降/inclination=trend=tendency

•deliberateadj.深思熟虑的（thoroughly+weigh）=intentional，/accidental

•demolishv拆除，毁坏，推倒

•demonstratev.证明，示范

•depictv.绘画，描写（downfully+paint）

•defyv.不服从，公然反抗

•devoidadj.缺乏的，没空的，空的，缺的（from+empty）/avoid

 Thefaceisentirely devoid ofexpression/feeling

.Theman'svoicewas devoid ofinflection.那人的声音缺少抑扬变化

•devotev.专心从事，致力于，奉献（from+vow）

Facultymembers devote mostoftheirtimetoscholarlyresearch.

全院教师大部分时间都用来从事学术研究。

dia=across/between/thorough

•dialoguen.betweenspeech;monologue

•diagnosisn.诊断;betweenknowledge;ignorant

•diagramn.图表，图样;throughwrite

•dialectn.方言

•diametern.直径;throughmeasure

dis=apart,away,not

变化形de-des-di-dif-s-

•disabledadj.

•disablev.（depriveof+capacity）

•disagreev.

•disapprovev.不赞成，反对

•disastern./disastrousadj./accident/catastrophe/calamity

•discardv.丢弃，抛弃=getridof=eliminate

Readthemanufacturer'sguidelinesbeforediscardingthebox.

在丢掉盒子前先看一下制造商的使用说明

Einsteinhadthecouragetodiscardcommonsenseandlong-establishedtheory.

爱因斯坦敢于抛弃常识和长期公认的理论

•discontentn.不满，不平；adj.不满意的=dissatisfied;v.使不满

Anindependentopinionpollpublishedtodayshowsgrowingdiscontentwiththegovernment.

今天发表的一项独立民意测验表明民众对政府的不满正与日俱增。

•discontinuev.

•discouragev./encourage

•discordv./n.（apart+heart）=disagreement,argument,不一致，不合

•concordn.astateofpeacefulagreement.和谐，协调；（语法，一致）

Theyexpressedthehopethathewouldpursueaneutralandbalancedpolicyforthesakeofnationalconcord.

他们希望，为了国家的和谐，他会奉行中立、不偏不倚的政策。

•accordv.使和谐，n.和谐，本田

Inmanycasesthediseasewillclearupofitsownaccord.

这种病很多情况下会自愈。

•discreditv.（not+tobelieve）使不可置信，毁坏…的名声

ThephotosweredeliberatelytakentodiscreditthePresident.

这些蓄意拍摄的照片旨在败坏总统的名声。

•discrepancyn.矛盾，不一致，不符noticeabledifferences

thediscrepancybetweenpressandradioreports

Agreatercauseforresentmentisthediscrepancyinpay.

导致愤怒的更主要原因是报酬上的差异.

•discriminatev.

区分;辨别recognizethedifferencebetween=distinguish 

•【语法信息】：

Vbetweenpl-n

Thedevicecandiscriminatebetweenthecancerousandthenormalcells.

这台仪器可以辨别癌细胞和正常的细胞。

动词

区别对待;歧视;偏袒Todiscriminateagainstagroupofpeopleorinfavourofagroupofpeoplemeanstounfairlytreatthemworseorbetterthanothergroups. 

Theybelievethelawdiscriminatesagainstwomen.

...legislationwhichwoulddiscriminateinfavourofracialminorities...

偏袒少数种族的立法

•diseasen./easy/ease/facility

•disguisev.（apart+manner,fashion）v/n.乔装，伪装，掩盖

You'llhavetotravelindisguise

造句：

古代皇帝经常乔装出行。

_______________________________________

Shedisguisedherselfasamansoshecouldfightonthebattlefield.

她女扮男装，这样就可以上战场了。

Theirhealthyimagedisguisesthefactthattheyarehighlyprocessedfoods...

它们看上去有益健康，实则掩盖了其为精加工食品这一事实

•disgustn.（apart+taste）n./v.恶心，厌恶，使反感

•dishonestadj.

•disillusionv.使幻想破灭；n幻灭/disillusionedadj.大失所望，幻觉破灭

•dismissv.（away+send）解散，开除

ThePrimeMinisterhasthepowertodismissandappointseniorministers.

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