CR归纳等精讲精练.docx

CR归纳等精讲精练.docx

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CR归纳等精讲精练

1.FindingofasurveyofSystemsmagazinesubscribers:

Thirtypercentofallmerchandiseordersplacedbysubscribersinresponsetoadvertisementsinthemagazinelastyearwereplacedbysubscribersunderagethirty-five.

FindingofasurveyofadvertisersinSystemsmagazine:

MostofthemerchandiseordersplacedinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemslastyearwereplacedbypeopleunderagethirty-five.

Forbothofthefindingstobeaccurate,whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?

（A）MoresubscriberstoSystemswhohaveneverorderedmerchandiseinresponsetoadvertisementsinthemagazineareagethirty-fiveoroverthanareunderagethirty-five.

（B）AmongsubscriberstoSystems,theproportionwhoareunderagethirty-fivewasconsiderablylowerlastyearthanitisnow.

（C）MostmerchandiseordersplacedinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemslastyearwereplacedbySystemssubscribersoveragethirty-five.

（D）Lastyear,theaveragedollaramountofmerchandiseordersplacedwaslessforsubscribersunderagethirty-fivethanforthoseagethirty-fiveorover.

（E）LastyearmanypeoplewhoplacedordersformerchandiseinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemswerenotsubscriberstothemagazine.

正选E

A从来没有对这些做出反应的讨论范围改变

Bnow（题目中为lastyear）

**2.Whichofthefollowingmostlogicallycompletestheargument?

UnitedStatesmanufacturerscurrentlyproducemostoftheworld'ssolar-powergenerators--mostofwhichareexportedtoEurope.However,EuropeanmanufacturersareemergingandprobablywillultimatelycapturemuchoftheEuropeanmarket.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentisfundinginitiativesintendedtoencourageuseofsolarpowerwithintheUnitedStates.Iftheseinitiativessucceedinincreasingthedemandforsolar-powergeneratorsintheUnitedStates,UnitedStatesmanufacturerswillprobablymaintainsignificantproductionlevels,since__________.

（A）someUnitedStatesmanufacturershavebeensubstantiallyincreasingtheiroutputoverthelastseveralyears

（B）theefficiencyofsolar-powergeneratorsinconvertingenergyfromtheSunintoelectricpowerisnotimprovingasfastasitoncedid

（C）justasEuropeanmanufacturersenjoycertaincompetitiveadvantagesinEurope,sodoUnitedStatesmanufacturersintheUnitedStates

（D）EuropeangovernmentsarecurrentlyundertakinginitiativestostimulatetheuseofsolarpowerwithinEurope

（E）thecurrentmarketforsolar-powergeneratorsintheUnitedStatesisverylimited

正选C

3.Astronomer:

ObservationsoftheShoemaker-LevicometonitscollisioncoursewithJupitershowedthatthecometbrokeintofragmentsbeforeenteringJupiter'satmospherein1994,buttheydidnotshowhowbigthosefragmentswere.Inhopesofgainingsomeindicationofthefragments'size,astronomersstudiedspectrographicanalysesofJupiter'souteratmosphere.Theseanalysesrevealedunprecedentedtracesofsulfurafterthefragments'entry.Thefragmentsthemselvesalmostcertainlycontainednosulfur,butmanyastronomersbelievethatthecloudlayerbelowJupiter'souteratmospheredoescontainsulfur.Sincesulfurwouldhaveseepedintotheouteratmosphereifcometfragmentshadpenetratedthiscloudlayer,itislikelythatsomeofthefragmentswereatleastlargeenoughtohavepassedthroughJupiter'souteratmospherewithoutbeingburnedup.

SinceA,BB为文章结论

两句话之间无转折词所以不是against的关系challenge；atissue；intoquestion

Intheastronomer'sargument,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?

（A）Thefirstpresentsacircumstanceforwhichtheastronomeroffersanexplanation;thesecondispartofthatexplanation.

（B）Thefirstacknowledgesaconsiderationthatweighsagainsttheconclusionoftheargument;thesecondisthatconclusion.

（C）Thefirstacknowledgesaconsiderationthatweighsagainsttheconclusionoftheargument;thesecondprovidesevidenceinsupportofthatconclusion.

（D）Thefirstprovidesevidenceinsupportoftheconclusionoftheargument;thesecondacknowledgesaconsiderationthatweighsagainstthatconclusion.

（E）Thefirstisajudgmentadvancedinsupportoftheconclusionoftheargument;thesecondisthatconclusion.

4.Manysmallroadsdonothavepaintedmarkingsalongtheiredges.Clearedgemarkingswouldmakeiteasierfordriverstoseeupcomingcurvesandtojudgethecar'spositionontheroad,particularlywhenvisibilityispoor,andwouldthereforeseemtobeausefulcontributiontoroadsafety.However,afterGreatwaterCountypaintededgemarkingsonallitsnarrow,windingroads,theannualaccidentratealongthoseroadsactuallyincreasedslightly.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplaintheincreaseinaccidentrate?

（A）GreatwaterCountyhasanunusuallyhighproportionofnarrow,windingroads.

（B）Inbadweatheritcanbenearlyasdifficultfordriverstoseetheroadasitisatnight.

（C）Priortothepaintingoftheedgemarkings,GreatwaterCounty'snarrow,windingroadsalreadyhadasomewhathigheraccidentratethanotherGreatwaterCountyroads.

（D）Manyoftheaccidentsonnarrow,windingroadsinvolveasinglevehicleveeringofftheroad,ratherthanthecollisionoftwovehicles.

（E）Afterthemarkingswerepaintedontheroads,manydriverswhohadgoneoutoftheirwaytoavoiddrivingonthoseroadsatnightnolongerdidso.

5.From1978to1988,beveragecontainersaccountedforasteadilydecreasingpercentageofthetotalweightofhouseholdgarbageintheUnitedStates.Theincreasinglywidespreadpracticeofrecyclingaluminumandglasswasresponsibleformostofthisdecline.However,althoughaluminumrecyclingwasmorewidelypracticedinthisperiodthanglassrecycling,itwasfoundthattheweightofglassbottlesinhouseholdgarbagedeclinedbyagreaterpercentagethantheweightofaluminumcans.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrueoftheUnitedStatesintheperiod1978to1988,mosthelpstoaccountforthefinding?

（A）Glassbottlesaresignificantlyheavierthanaluminumcansofcomparablesize.

（B）Recycledaluminumcanswerealmostallbeveragecontainers,butasignificantfractionoftherecycledglassbottleshadcontainedproductsotherthanbeverages.

（C）Manufacturersreplacedmanyglassbottles,butfewaluminumcans,withplasticcontainers.

（D）Thetotalweightofglassbottlespurchasedbyhouseholdsincreasedataslightlyfasterratethanthetotalweightofaluminumcans.

（E）Inmanyareas,glassbottleshadtobesortedbycoloroftheglassbeforebeingrecycled,whereasaluminumcansrequirednosorting.

下降比率要想到基数

6.ThepopulationofMegacity,asprawlingmetropolisinRemsland,hasgrownatafairlysteadyrateforoveracentury.Ahundredyearsago,poorsanitationinthecitycausedhighmortalityratesamongthecity'sinhabitants,andwhatfueledthepopulationincreasewasimmigrationfromruralvillages.Thisimmigrationhascontinuedandevenincreased.Moreover,inrecentdecades,citysanitationhasimprovedenormously.Yetthecity'spopulationgrowthhasnotsignificantlyaccelerated.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhythecity'spopulationgrowthratehasnotchanged?

（A）MortalityratesthatwereassociatedwithpoorsanitationinMegacityahundredyearsagowereordersofmagnitudehigherthanaremortalityratesassociatedwithvehiculartraffic,whichiscurrentlyamajorcauseofdeathinthecity.

（B）Forseveraldecades,Megacity,asdistinctfromthecountryside,hashadasteadilydecliningbirthrate.

（C）CitiessmallerthanMegacityhavealsoexperiencedsustainedpopulationgrowth.

（D）ThegreatmajorityofimmigrantstoRemslandsettleinMegacity,atleastinitially.

（E）Megacityhaslongofferedbetteremploymentprospectsthanmostruralareas.

正选:

B另一个解释人数少的原因：

出生率少

7.Plantscientistshaveusedgeneticengineeringonseedstoproducecropplantsthatarehighlyresistanttoinsectdamage.Unfortunately,theseedsthemselvesarequiteexpensive,andtheplantsrequiremorefertilizerandwatertogrowwellthannormalones.Thus,formostfarmersthesavingsonpesticideswouldnotcompensateforthehigherseedcostsandthecostofadditionalfertilizer.However,sinceconsumerdemandforgrains,fruits,andvegetablesgrownwithouttheuseofpesticidescontinuestorise,theuseofgeneticallyengineeredseedsofthiskindislikelytobecomewidespread.

Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?

（A）Thefirstsuppliesacontextfortheargument;thesecondistheargument'smainconclusion.

（B）Thefirstintroducesadevelopmentthattheargumentpredictswillhaveacertainoutcome;thesecondisastateofaffairsthattheargumentdenieswillbepartofthatoutcome.

（C）Thefirstpresentsadevelopmentthattheargumentpredictswillhaveacertainoutcome;thesecondacknowledgesaconsiderationthatweighsagainstthatprediction.

（D）Thefirstprovidesevidencetosupportapredictionthattheargumentseekstodefend;thesecondisthatprediction.

（E）Thefirstandthesecondeachprovideevidencetosupporttheargument'smainconclusion.

A对立关系错

B是argumentaccepts

8.归纳题

First-timecomputerbuyersbuyingPXChomecomputerstypicallybuymodelsthatcostmuchlessandhaveasmallerprofitmarginpercomputerthandoPXCcomputersboughtbypeoplereplacingtheircomputerswithmorepowerfulmodels.LastyearPXC'sprofitsfromcomputersalesweresubstantiallyhigherthanthepreviousyear,althoughaboutthesamenumberofPXCcomputersweresoldandthepricesandprofitmarginsforeachcomputermodelthatPXCsellsremainedunchanged.

Ifthestatementsabovearetrue,whichofthefollowingismoststronglysupportedbythem?

（A）PXC'scompetitorsraisedthepricesontheircomputerslastyear,m