高三英语阅读理解专题训练答案.docx

高三英语阅读理解专题训练答案.docx

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高三英语阅读理解专题训练答案

高三英语阅读理解专题训练答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Chinesescientistsrecentlyhaveproducedtwomonkeyswiththesamegene,ZhongZhongandHuaHua,usingthesametechniquethatgaveusDollythesheep.Thesemonkeysarenotactuallythefirstprimates（灵长类）tobecloned.AnotheronenamedTetrawasproducedinthelate1990sbyembryo（胚胎）splitting,thedivisionofanearly-stageembryointotwoorfourseparatecellstomakeclones.Bycontrast,theywereeachmadebyreplacinganeggcellnucleus（原子核）withDNAfromadifferentiatedbodycell.ThisDollymethod,knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer（SCNT）,cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA.

   Successcamefromadoptingseveralnewtechniques.Theseincludedanewtypeofmicroscopytobetterviewthecellsduringhandlingorusingseveralmaterialsthatencouragecellreprogramming,whichhadn'tbeentriedbeforeonprimates.Still,theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeysbornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisleadstomanyresearchers'pouringwaterontheideathattheteam'sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt,itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless.

   Butthescientistsinvolvedemphasizethatthisisnottheirgoal.Thereisnownobarrierforcloningprimatespecies,thuscloninghumansisclosertoreality.However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddisease.

（1）WhatdoweknowaboutthetechnologycalledSCNT?

A. Itcreatedthefirsttwoprimates.                     B. ItmaycontributetoeditingtheDNA

C. Itcandivideanearly-stageembryointoseveralcells.         

D. Itproducedtwoclonedmonkeyswithdifferentgenes.

（2）Whatdoestheauthormeanby“pouringwaterontheidea”inparagraph2?

A. Keepingahottopicofit.                                 

B. Havingalowopinionofit.

C. Attachingnoimportancetoit.                        

D. Addingsupportiveevidencetoit.

（3）Whatisthescientists'purposetoclonethesemonkeys?

A. Tohelpwiththestudyofhumandiseases.         

B. Toserveasasteppingstonetotheirreputation.

C. Topreparefortheirresearchonhumancloning.         

D. Toraisemoneyforholdinganexhibitionofnovels.

（4）Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A. Newtechniquesseemtobepointless.           

B. Cloninghumansisalreadyonitsway.

C. Societywon'tagreetocloneanothermonkey.         

D. Thesuccessrateofcloningamonkeywasnothigh.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们利用高科技克隆猴子帮助研究人类疾病。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“ThisDollymethod,knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer（SCNT）,cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA.”可知，SCNT可能有助于编辑DNA。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Still,theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeysbornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisleadstomanyresearchers'pouringwaterontheideathattheteam'sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.”可知在第二段中“pouringwaterontheidea”的意思是“对它的评价很低。

”故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.”可知，科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt,itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless.“和最后一段中的“Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddisease.“可知，克隆一只猴子的成功率并不高。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Payingahigherpricethanusualforatickettoseeafilmin3Distheannoyanceofmanyacinema-goer'slife.

   Buttheremaybeabenefittodoingso,asastudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.

   Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhowatchedamoviein3Dimprovedcognitive（认知）skills,comparedtothosewhowatcheditin2D.

   Theresearchwasledbyneuroscientist（神经学家）DrPatrickFaganfromGoldsmithsUniversityinLondon.Morethan100peopletookpartintheexperiment,whereparticipantswatchedDisneyfilmBigHero6ineitherstandardformatorRealD3D.

   Theyalsocarriedoutabrain-training-styletestbeforeandafterseeingasectionfromthefilm.Thetestcoveredmemory,reactiontimesandcognitivefunctionandtheresultswerecomparedlater.

   Accordingtotheresearch,whichwascarriedoutinpartnershipwithsciencegroupThrillLaboratory,participantsexperienceda23percentincreaseincognitiveprocessing,aswellasan11percentincreaseinreactiontimes.

   DrFagansaidthattheresultsshowedenoughofanimprovementinbrainfunctiontosuggestthat3Dcouldplayapartinimprovingbrainpowerinthefuture.

   "Thesefindingsaremoresignificantthanyoumightthink,"hesaid."Itisafactthatpeoplearelivinglongerandthereisanoticeabledeclineincognitivebrainfunctioninoldagewhichcanworsenfuturequalityoflife.Therehasneverbeenabettertimetolookatwaystoimprovebrainfunction.Theinitialresultsofthisstudyshowthat3Dfilmsmaypotentiallyplayaroleinslowingthisdecline."

   Asecondpartoftheexperimentinvolvedthosewatchingthefilmbeingfittedwithheadsetsthatscannedbrainactivityandthistooshowedheightened（加强的）activitywhenwatching3D.Accordingtotheresults,participantsweresevenpercentmoreengagedwithwhattheywerewatching,addingtoargumentthat3Dmoviesaremorelikewatchingreal-life—somethingProfessorBrendanWalkerfromThrillLaboratoryagreedwith.

   "AsProfessorBrendanWalker'stestconcluded,3Dfilmsaremoreattractiveandheightenthesenses—this,inturn,makesthebrainrunatquickerspeeds,"DrFagansaid.

（1）Accordingtotheresearch,peoplewatchingamoviein3D________.

A. haveagoodexercisefortheirbrain           

B. losetheirshortmemoryofitsplots

C. arewillingtopayahighpricefortickets   

D. reactthesamewayasthosewatchingitin2D

（2）Whatcanbelearnedfromtheresearch?

A. Watching2Dfilmslimitsbrainfunction.

B. 3Dwouldbeacontributingfactorinimprovingbrainpower.

C. Thetestwascarriedoutafterthewholefilmwasviewed.

D. Theparticipantstookthebrain-training-styletestonce.

（3）Paragraph8ismainlyabout________.

A. theapplicationof3D                                       

B. thedisadvantagesof2Dfilms

C. thechangeinbrainfunction                           

D. thesignificanceofthestudy

（4）Thetextismostlikelytoappearin________.

A. asportsnewspaper       

B. abiologytextbook       

C. asciencemagazine       

D. afilmreview

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第二段asastudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.可知，看3D电影能锻炼大脑。

故选A。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第二段Buttheremaybeabenefittodoingso,asastudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。

故选B。

（3）段落大意题。

根据第八段第一句Thesefindingsaremoresignificantthanyoumightthink（这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。

（4）推理判断题。

3D电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。

3．阅读理解

   Ittookmeamomenttorealizewhathadhappened.ThreedayshadpassedandRitaseemedtogetweakerandweaker.Therainhadstopped.However,theskywasstillcloudy,anditwassodarkthatIcouldn'tseethebuildingsevenacrosstheroad.Itookapressurereadingfromtheweatherstation:

947mb,whichletmeknowexactlywhereIwas—intheeyeofthestorm.

   Therewererainsandwindsstill,butnotoppressive（难以忍受的）anymore.Therewasstillnopower,hotwaterorfood.Besides,Ididn'tsleepwellforallthesedays,butIfeltmorerelaxedsincetheweatherreportsaidRitawasleaving.What'smore,Iwasluckierthanthosepeoplewhohadlosttheirhomesorevenworse,losttheirlivesbecauseofRita.

   AsItravelledfurthertothewest,goingafterthestorm,thedamagealongthewaybecamelesssevere.IarrivedinHoustonafteratrickyjourneywithmyfuelsuppliesalmostallgone.However,Icameacrossanotherstormchaser（追逐者）whohad45gallonsofpetrol.Hehelpedmeandwesharedourworkingexperiencethesedays.WithacompletestrokeofluckIfoundarun-downhotelthatallowedmetohavearoomovernightbeforethemidnight.Althoughtherewasnorunningwater,nopowerandnoairconditioning,Icurledupintoacornerandfellasleepquickly.

   Iwokeupthenextmorning,andwhatachange!

Theskywasblueandcarsweremovingaround.Sirenscouldbeheardasconvoys（护航队）ofemergencymanagementsstartedtoheadwesttowardswhereIhadcomefrom."ThestormhadstoppedandIcouldgohome.Igaveallmyremainingsuppliestootherpeopleatthehotelandheadedtowardstheairport.HoustonAirportwasnotdamaged,soItookmyflightanddrankmyfirsth