高考英语一轮复习 Unit7Unit8知识要点聚焦1.docx
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高考英语一轮复习Unit7Unit8知识要点聚焦1
2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit7—Unit8知识要点聚焦1
1.重点词汇
单词:
represent,include,ruin,burn,restore,rebuild,damage,ancient,official,limit,sincerely,well-known,gold,further,rank,prepare,effort,pete,weight,point,skill,weigh,title
短语:
givein,inruins,bring…backtolife,pulldown,setup,standfor,becauseof,speedskating,trackandfield,wouldrather,takepartin,inpreparationfor
2.重点句型
What/Howabout…?
Whynot…?
Manyofthesportswerethesameas...
Makesurethat…
3.交际用语
Shouldweputin...?
I’dliketochoose...
Whichdoyoulike,...or...?
What’syourfavouritesport?
Whichsportdoyoulikebest?
重点考点精释
1.rankv.排列:
名列:
分等:
评级
Thistownranks:
third/highamongNewEnglandbeautyspots,HewasrankedNumberThreeintheinnercircleofthegovernment.
ThejudgesrankedMarythebestinthesingingcontest.
2.representvt.象征;代表,表现,描绘,意味着,相当于
YoucanselectfivethingsthatrepresentChineseculture,butyou
cannotputanylivingthingsinthecapsule.
Adoverepresentspeace.
ThispaintrepresentsMountTai.
ThestatuerepresentspeasantsprayingtoGod.
Whatdoesthestarrepresentbeforethequestion`?
Fortheboy,hisfatherrepresentspower.
3.辨析include/including/included
三者均有“包括,包含”之意。
但是,include为及物动词;including为介词,常引起一个解释性的短语,该短语与被解释的人或事物之间存在一种逻辑上的主谓关系;included为include的过去分词形式.也可引起一个解释性的短语,指某人或事物被包括在内,它和including引起的短语含义相同,但要注意词序不同:
Tenpeoplediedinthiscaraccident,includingtwochildren/twochildrenincluded.
Thisboxcontains50maps,including6ofNorthAmerica/6ofNorthAmericaincluded.
include和contain者均有“包含”“包括”之意。
但是,include表示所包含之物中的一部分;contain指所含之物的全部或部分,也可表不某一种物质中含有什么成分,如上例句。
4.flowvi.(液体)流动;飘动;源自
Hertearsfloweddownhercheeks,
Herhairfloweddownoverhershoulders.
Thenation’swealthflowsfromoilproduction.
flow作名词时,多用作不可数名词,作“流,流出,流人”等解释如:
Theboatwascarriedawaybytheflowofwater.
5.辨析givein/giveup
givein(tosb.)意为“屈服,妥协.让步”,为不及物动词短语;giveup意为“放弃”时,多作及物动词短语,up为副词;意为“认输,投降,中正”时.为不及物动词短语:
Hewouldratherdiethangivein.
Theenemysoldierwereforcedtogiveintous.
Foryourhealth,giveupsmoking,please!
Igiveup.Tellmetheanswer.
give短语:
Giveoff散发出,发出(光线)
Giveback归还
Giveaway出卖,泄露,赠送
Giveoneselfaway露马脚,现原形
Giveout用完,用尽,散发,公布,发表,精疲力竭
6.bring...backtolife使……复活;使……活跃起来
Thedoctorshaddonetheirbest,butcouldn’tbringherbacktolife.
Let’sinviteTom.Hehasmanywaystobringaparty(back)tolife.
Iftheseactivitiesarebroughtbacktolife,everythingwillbeallright.
7.proudadj.骄傲的;自豪的priden.骄傲;自豪
Beproudof(doing)sth.
Beproudtodosth.
Beproud+that从句
Take(a)pridein
I’mproudtobeyourfriend.
Hefeltveryproudofhavingafriendwithsuchnobleideas.
Ourfootballteamfeelsproudthatithaswoneverymatchthisyear.
Hetakes(a)greatprideinhiswork.
8.burnv.焚烧,烧焦;晒黑;燃烧,点(灯)
Heburntallhisoldpapers.
Alargenumberofhouseswereburnttoashes.
Thecoffeeisveryhot,sodon’tburnyourmouth.
You’remuchmoreburnedbythesunthanI.
Allthelightsinthehouseareburning.
Thewholecityisburning.
9.inruins一片废墟,落空
Thehousesacrossthestreetwereinruins.
Ourplansareinruins.
10.e用作系动词
e作be,bee解,与true,right,loose,dear,cheap等形容词构成系表结构。
Thatdaytheirwishfinallycarnetrue.
Yourdreamwillonedayetrue.
Iteseasyafteratime.
Thingswillerightintheend.
Thestringesloose/untied.
11.辨析photograph/picture/drawing/painting/portrait/photography
photograph(缩略词:
photo)是可数名词,表示“照片”。
Visitorstothemuseumarenotallowedtotakephotographs/photos.
picture表示“图画,照片、图像、电影”.
Drawapictureofthattree.
MayItakeapictureofyou?
Youcan’tgetaclearpictureonthisset.
Thereisagoodpicturebeingshownthisweek
drawing表示“黑白色的、钢笔或铅笔线条画、素描”。
Heshowedmesomeofthechild’sdrawings,whichdisplayedunmistakabletalent.
painting表示“(着色的)画”。
water-colorpainting水彩画
oilpainting油画
astill-lifepainting静物画
portrait表示“肖像”
OnthewallwasaportraitofLenin.
photography表示“摄影学”,不可数名词。
Photographyissometimestaughtinschools.
12.limitvt.&n.限制,界限
limit作为动词,与介词to搭配,后接名词或动名词。
Theauthorwilllimithimselftothediscussionofthesetwoproblems.
Yououghttolimityouractivitiestorecordingthefacts.
过去分词limited可作表语或定语。
Thenumberofpetitorsislimited.
Astheyhadlimitedexperience,theyoftenhadlimitedideas.
limit用作名词,是可数名词,也与to搭配。
Thereisalimittotheamountofmoneywespend.
Dowithinthelimitsofwhattheteacherhasaskedyoutodo.
13.standfor代表;容忍;主张;竞选
WhatdoesP.O.standfor?
P.O.standsforpostalorder.
Whydoyoustandforsuchbadworkingconditions?
ThenewPresidentstoodforhonestgovernment.
She’sstandingforgovernorinthenextelection.
14.辨析gold/golden
gold为名词,作定语时,常指东西的原材料是“金质的”;golden常指东西的颜色是“金色的,金黄色的”,也可表达抽象意义:
Sheisveryprettywiththegoldnecklace.
Thisisjustagoldenwatch,notagoldone,butitlookslikearealone.
15.worthadj.值……的;价值……的
Worthn.
Worthdoing
Worthone’swhiletodo
Worthone’swhiledoing
Howmuchisthisbicycleworth?
It’sworth500yuan.
ThefilmTheTitaniciswellworthseeingonceagain.
Itisworth(your)whiletovisit/visitingthatbeautifulcity.
16.prefervt.更喜欢
Prefern.
Preferdoing
Prefertodoprefern.todo
Preferthat从句preferAtoB
PrefertodoAratherthandoB
Ipreferitaboveallothers.
Iprefergoingtherealone.
Shepreferstoliveamongtheworkingpeople.
Ipreferhimtodoitinadifferentway.
Wepreferthattheplanshouldbefullydiscussed.
Ipreferteatocoffee.
Hepreferstoliveinthecountrysideratherthanstayinthecity.
17.辨析ratherthan/wouldrather…than
ratherthan意为“而不”“非”“宁可”“情愿”,连接相同的两个句子成分,且形式相同;rather...than意为“是……而不是”;wouldrather...than意为“宁愿……而不愿……”,表示主观愿望,相比较的两个部分要对等:
I’dratherwatchitthanplayit.
Thecolorseemsgreenratherthanblue.
Ialwaysprefergettingupearly,ratherthangoingtoschoolwithoutbreakfast.
I’dprefertogoinsummerratherthaninwinter.
Thisisratherforfathertodecidethanforyou.
I’dratheryouknewthatnow,thanafterwards.
LiuHulanwouldratherdiethangiveintotheenemy.
18.辨析takepartin/join/joinin/attend
四者均有“参加”之意。
但是,takepartin多指带着责任心参
加大型活动,并在其中起一定的作用,如体育活动、比赛、游
戏、讨论、战斗等;join指加人团体、组织等,并成为其中的一
员,如参军、入团、人党等;joinin强调参加正在进行的活动,
如比赛、娱乐、谈话等,joinsb.insth.意为“和某人一道做某
事”;attend指出席或参加会议、音乐会、婚礼、宴会等,也可
指听课、听报告等:
WhydoathletesfromsomanycountrieswanttotakepartintheOlympicGames?
Hejoinedthearmyattheageof15.
Hejoinedthelocalclubasheneededtheirsupport.
Shelikestojoinintheusualsportsoftheboys.
Hejoinedthechildrenintheirgame.
TodayIhaveameetingtoattend.
Hehasneverattendedmylectures.
19.every每;每隔
every意为“每隔”时,与数词或few,other等连用,表示时间
或空间的间隔,each不能这样用。
everyfouryears译为“每
四年’,或“每隔三年”,也可表达为everyfourthyear:
EveryfouryearsathletesfromallovertheworldtakepartintheOlympicGames.
Pleaseetoseemeeverytwodays/everyotherday/every
secondday.
20.petevi.比赛;竞争
petein在……方面竞争
petewith/against与……竞争
Areyougoingtopeteintheswimmingrace?
Thetwogirlspetedwitheachotherforthefirstplace.
21.辨析happen/takeplace/occur
三者不能用于被动语态。
happen往往指偶然或未能预见地发生;takeplace指事先布置或策划好后发生;occur通常指
意想不到地发生,有时可与happen互换,还有“被想到”之意。
Nomatterwhathappens,youshouldkeepcalm.
Thestorytookplacealongtimeago.
Themeetingwilltakeplaceintheauditorium.
Whendidtheaccidentoccur/happen?
Afreshideaoccurred…
22.辨析quick/fast/swift/rapid
quick使用范围最广,指动作迅速、敏捷、时间间隔短,不表示动作的频率;fast指运动的物体动作迅速、敏捷、速度快,常指持续的动作;swift用于较正式的场合,指平稳不受干扰、不中断的快速动作;rapid指动作快,强调速率或一连贯动作的速度,它和swift一样同指快速动作:
Heisasquickaslightning.
Thisclockisthreeminutesfast.
Theboyisasswiftoffootasahare.
Swifttohear,slowtospeak.
Thisisarapidriver.
23.further用法
further作为形容词和副词,有如下两种主要用法:
作far的比较级,与farther同义。
但在进行距离比较时,用farther,而不用further,例如:
Canyougoanyfather/further?
Whosehomeisfarther,yoursorhis?
表示“更多的,另行的,更进一步”,例如:
Pleasewaitforfurtherinformation/notice.
Myyoungerbrotherhasgoneabroadforfurtherstudies.
24.prepare/preparation短语
Preparetodo准备做……
Bepreparedforsth./doing已做了充分的准备
Preparefor为……做准备
Preparesb.Todo某人把某事准备好
Inpreparationfor作为……的准备
Makepreparationsfor为……做准备
Haveyoupreparedtogoonatrip?
Thestudentsarewellpreparedforthesportsmeeting.
Wemustpreparefortheparty.
I’Ilpreparehertofacethedifficulty.
Sheboughtanewcoatinpreparationforwinter.
Thesoldiersmadepreparationsforthebattle.
prepare强调准备的动作与过程,宾语必须是这一动作的直接承受者。
如:
preparelunch(可能在切菜、炒菜)。
preparefor是“为……做准备”,for的宾语不是准备这一动作
的直接承受者,而是表示准备的目的,如:
prepareforthefinalexam。
高考样题例释
1.(xx年北京)We'regoingto________withsomefriendsforapicnic.Wouldyouliketojoinus?
A.getinB.getoverC.getalongD.gettogether【解析】答案为D.getin进人;收获,getover克服;getalong进展,相处;gettogether相聚。
2.(xx年天津)Itwasnotaseriousillness,andshesoonit.
A.gotoverB.gotonwithC.gotaroundD.gotoutof
【解析】答案为A.getover“克服困难,战胜疾病”。
3.(xx年上海)“Idon’tthinkit’smy________thattheTVblewup.Ijustturnediton,that’sall,”saidtheboy.
A.errorB.mistakeC.faultD.duty
【解析】答案为C。
error违反某标准而致错;mistake由于粗心等的无意过错;fault过失、过错,含有对此负责、应受谴责之意;duty义务。
It'smyfault意为“这是我的过错”。
单选高考模拟
1.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecause
Technology_______sorapidly.
A.haschangedB.ischanging
C.willhavechangedD.willchange
2.Victorlooksunhappy.
Yes.Healways________oursuccess.
A.cheersB.enviesC.admiresD.stops
3.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness________left
untreated.
A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unl