Lesson One Twelve Things I Wish They Taught at School.docx
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LessonOneTwelveThingsIWishTheyTaughtatSchool
LessonOneTwelveThingsIWishTheyTaughtatSchool
VocabularyExercises
1.Completethefollowingsentenceswithcompoundwordsformedinthesamewayasintheexamples.Eachwordistobeusedonceonly.
Examples:
（形容词+名词复合形容词/名词）
long-term长期的
briefcase公文包
short-term短期的
first-rate一流的
sweetheart恋人；情人
best-seller畅销书
Adj.
first
gentle
high
new
super
Noun.
comer
grade
hand
man
market
1）Mymotheroftendoesherweeklyshoppingatanearbysupermarket.超级市场
2）Youwillneverknowwhatispovertyifyouhavenofirsthandexperience.第一手的
3）Arealgentlemanshouldnotbeprejudicedagainstwomen.绅士
4）Hisparentsboughtthemahigh-gradeTVsetasaweddingpresent.优质的
5）I’msorry,Idon’tknowwherethenearestpostofficeis.I’manewcomerheremyself.新来的人
2.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.
1）Usetheverb+nouncollocation.
出席会议
attendameeting
干的不错
doagoodjob
体验苦难
experiencesuffering
自学英语
teachoneselfEnglish
发现奇迹
discoverwonders
忍住咳嗽
suppressacough
掌握技能
mastertheskills
获取知识
acquireknowledge
需要勇气
requirecourage
丰富生活
enrichone’slife
接受修正
acceptcorrections
改正错误
correctmistakes
不再指望
abandonthefuture
作出努力
makeefforts
2）Usethe“usefulexpressions”.
UsefulExpressions:
insomerespects
在某些方面
（not）matterwhat/how,etc.
……（没）有关系
gettrapped
被困，陷于
leadto
导致
leave…untouched
没有提及过；没有动过
farfrom
并非，并不是
berestrictedto
仅限于
becapableof
有能力
takedelightin
乐于，嗜好
provide…for…
为……提供……
beboundto
一定要……，终归；不得不；注定
soonerorlater
迟早；早晚有一天
（1）新造的大桥坍塌了，一名工程师和两名地方官员为此受到刑事起诉。
Thecollapseofthebignewly-builtbridgeledtoanengineerandtwolocalgovernmentofficialswerecriminalprosecution.
（2）他工作了一天，午饭都没动。
Heworkedallday,leavinghislunchuntouched.
（3）经常性的体育运动使学生身体强壮，更好的适应学习，决不是浪费时间。
Farfrombeingawasteoftime,regularsportsactivitiesmakestudentsphysicallystrongandadapttotheirstudybetter.
（4）在海洋世界公园，海豹和海豚能够表演各种技巧，逗的小观众们乐不可支。
ThesealsanddolphinsintheSeaWorldarecapableofvariousskills,andthismakeschildrenaudienceoverjoyed.
（5）把快乐建立在别人痛苦之上的人迟早要受到报应的。
Thosewhotakedelightinotherpeople’spainwillsufferretributionsoonerorlater.
（6）在某些方面，那部新字典有不少地方需要改进。
Insomerespects,thatnewdictionaryhasmanypartstobeimproved.
（7）当那辆公共汽车冲进路边翻了车时，许多小朋友被困在里边。
Whenthatbushrushedoutoftheroadandturnedover,manychildrengottrappedinit.
（8）在开幕式上，市政府将为一千多明来宾提供饮食。
Attheopeningceremony,thecitygovernmentwillprovidefoodanddrinkformorethan1,000guests.
（9）在中国，城市家庭只允许生一个孩子。
InChina,everyurbanfamilyisrestrictedtoonlyonechild.
（10）只要我们能得到点休息，去哪里并不重要。
Itdoesn’tmatterwherewego,aslongaswecangetalittlerest.
3）Uselearn,askandteach.
（1）那位男孩向警察询问去火车站怎么走。
Thatboyaskedthepolicemanhowtogettotherailwaystation.
（2）学习外语没有任何捷径可走。
Therearenoshortcutsinlearningaforeignlanguage.
（3）获悉我最喜欢的数学老师仍然在那所学校教书我决定去看他。
Learningthatmyfavoritemathematicsteacherisstillteachinginthatschool,Idecidedtovisithim.
（4）这位老工人教育他的子女做人要诚实。
Thisveteranworkertaughthischildrentobehonest.
（5）他问老板那天他是否可以早点离开办公室。
Heaskedhisbosswhetherhecouldleaveoffworkalittleearlierthatday.
（6）艰难困苦使我们对我们现有的一切感到满意。
Difficultiesandhardshipsteachustobegratefulforallthatwehavealreadyhad.
（7）毕业时他要求到西藏去工作一年。
Onhisgraduation,heaskedtoworkinTibetforoneyear.
（8）我只不过是想关心别人，也希望受到他人的关心，我的要求并不过分。
AllIwanttodoisjusttoshowmycareforothers,andIhopetobetreatedinthesamewaybyothers.Iamnotaskingtoomuch.
（9）聪明人从自己的错误中吸取教训。
Wisemenlearnlessonsfromtheirownmistakes.
（10）求援是没有用的，因为已经早过了午夜。
Sinceitiswellaftermidnight,thereisnopointinaskingforhelp.
（11）那位科学家教育他的学生说年轻人要面向未来。
Thatscientisttaughthisstudentsthatyoungpeopleshouldbelookforwardthefuture.
（12）问及她生活的最大乐趣时，她说“学习”。
Whenaskedwhatthegreatestpleasurewasinherlife,shereplied“learning”.
3.Completethefollowingsentences.
1）Putsuitableprepositionsoradverbsintheblanks.
（1）YoudidaverygoodjobattranslatingtheessayintoChinese.
（2）Hewassilentonthemeeting.
（3）Thisbookisquitedifficult.ItiswrittenfromstudentswhoseEnglishisaboveaverage.
（4）Isawsomethingdarkmovingtowardmydirection.
（5）Inmanyrespects,hehassetupanexampleforustofollow.
（6）Idon’tthinkheisgoodatgrammar;hiscompositionisfullofgrammarmistakes.
（7）Onthesurface,thequestionissimple,butit’sreallyquitecomplicatedandworthdiscussingindepth.
（8）Itrequiresgreateffortsonourparttocompletetheprojectontime.
（9）Don’tbelieveinhimsoeasily.Thinkaboutwhatisbehindhissmile.
（10）Weshouldnotrestrictourattentiontomarketswithinhome.Enougheffortsshouldbeconcentratedondevelopingoverseasmarketsaswell.
（11）Shereadherfather’slastletteragainandagain,soonshefoundthatshehadlearnitatheart.
（12）Makingmistakesisnotalwaysabadthingifyoucanlearnfromthem.
2）Choosetherightwordfromthebrackets.
（1）Theschoolhasexcellentsportingfacilities.（equipment,facilities）
（2）Englishisadifficultlanguage.（difficult,hard）
（3）TheyaskedTomaboutthenextday’sgame,andheseemsveryconfident.（confident,certain）
（4）Pleaseconfineyourremarkstothesubjectunderdiscussion.（limit,confine）
（5）Iignoredhisruderemarksaboutmyclothes.（remarks,statements）
4.Choosethebestwordforeachblank.
Theword“quake”meansashakingortrembling.Anearthquakeisashakingortremblingofa（a,most,this,the）partoftheearth’ssurface.Sometimeswhen（because,if,since,when）aheavytruckortractorpassesby,wefeeltheearthmove（dance,go,move,run）orshake,butthisisnotwhat（how,that,what,which）wemeanas（as,by,through,with）anearthquake.Anearthquakeiscausedbychangesoccurring（happening,having,occurring,taking）placeinsidetheearth.Thesechanges–andtheyareconstantlygoingon–release（give,offer,release,send）energywhichmakes（causes,helps,makes,drives）theearth’scrustshakeandtremble.Scientistsreportthattherearelikely（definitely,likely,perhaps,possible）amillionearthquakeseachyear.Mostofthemareso（so,such,too,very）gentlethattheycanonlybedetectedbysensitiveinstruments.Butalmosteveryyearthereisatleast（atleast,atmost,few,only）onegreatearthquake,andathousandmore（greater,larger,less,more）whichdosomedegreeofdamagetobuilding,bridges,androads.
Grammar&Usage
Subject-VerbAgreement（
）
1.主谓一致的三条原则
1）语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。
Humanbeingsenjoylearning.
Everybody’sunderstandingisincomplete.
2）意义一致，即根据意义来处理一致关系。
Thepeopletherearefightingfortheindependenceoftheircountry.
Tendollarswasalotofmoneyatthattime.
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
Thereisapen,twopencils,andaneraserinthepencilbox.
Neithertheboynorhisteachersknowtheanswer.
2.集体名词作主语时与动词的一致
1）当主语为furniture,equipment,machinery等词时，谓语动词通常为单数。
ThefurnitureinthatshopisallmadeinChina.
Officeequipmentisveryexpensivenowadays.
Alotofnewmachineryhasbeeninstalled.
2）集体名词如people,cattle,police,poultry等往往作复数用。
Somepeopledrivemadlyinthiscountry.
Manycattlehavediedbecauseoftheflood.
Thepolicehavebeensenttherebuttheyhavenotmadeanyarrestsyet.
Poultryareplentifulinthatmountainregion.
3）family,government,class,committee,audience,team,public等词被视作一个整体时，其后的动词用单数；被视为构成整体的个体时，其后的动词则为复数。
Hisfamilyisahappyone.
Hisfamilyareallinterestedinstamp-collecting.
TheDemocraticGovernmentisinpowernow.
Thegovernmentis（are）consideringfurthertaxcuts.
Theaudiencewasveryquietwhenhewasgivinghisspeech.
Theaudiencewereshoutingandlaughingwhenhecameintothehall.
Ourclassisthetopclassinthegrade.
Theclassarebusytakingnotes.
3.并列主语与动词的一致
1）当“名词+名词”表示一种事物时，用单数动词。
BaconandeggsisaverypopularBritishbreakfast.
Toastandmarmaladeismyfavoritebreak.
Fishandchipsisservedeveryday.
2）当主语是由and,both…and连接的并列结构时，如果主语所指的不是一种事物，动词则用复数形式。
JackandMaryareinlovewitheachother.
BothTomandJohnareabsenttoday.
War,famineanddroughthaveclaimedthousandsoflivesinthatcountry.
3）在由or或nor连接的并列结构中，动词单、复数形式一般与or或nor后面的名词或代词保持一致。
Heorhisbrothersaretoblameforthis.
Eitheryouoryourfriendhastopaythebill.
Eitherhisfatherorhismothercomestoseehimeveryday.
Whencouplesquarrel,（either）thewifeorthehusbandhastogivein.
Neithershenoryouaremistaken.
Neitherthemanagernortheclerksarecollegegraduates.
4）notonly…butalso连接结构作主语时，动词的单、复数形式依据butalso后的名词或代词。
NotonlyFredbutalsohisparentslovethissmallpetdog.
Notonlytheboysbutalsotheirmotherisveryill.
Exercises
1.Choosetherightverbform.
1）Eithertheplayersorthecoachis（is,are）toblameforthedefeat.
2）Theboy’sfamilyare（is,are）anxiouslylookingforhim.
3）Bothyouandyourfriendsare（is,are）welcomehere.
4）NeitherJacknorhisparentsstay（stays,stay）athomeatweekends.
5）Breadandbutteris（is,are）thebasicfoodinwesterncountries.
6）Thefootballteamare（is,are）havingdinner.
7）Thegovernmentis（is,are）planningtomakewaronthatcountry.
8）Lawandordermean（means,mean）differentthingstodifferentpeople.
9）Warandpeaceis（is,are）aconstantthemeinthiskindofnovel.
10）Thecattlethereonthehillbelong（belongs,belong）tomyfamily.
2.Putinthecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets.
1）Thefamilyare（be）alwaysquarrellingwithoneanother.
2）TheChinesepeopleis（be）veryfriendlytoforeigners.
3）Thegovernment
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