初中英语阅读理解专题.docx
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初中英语阅读理解专题
诺贝尔的故事
AlfredNobel,thegreatSwedishinventorandindustrialist,wasborninStockholmonOctober21,1833,butmovedtoRussiawithhisparentsin1842,wherehisfather,Immanuel,madeastrongpositionforhimselfintheengineeringindustry.ImmanuelNobelinventedlandmineandmadealotofmoneyfromthegovernmentduringtheCrimeanWar,butwentbankruptsoonafter.Then,thefamilyreturnedtoSwedenin1859,whereAlfredbeganhisownstudyofexplosivesinhisfather’slab.Hehadneverbeentoschooloruniversitybuthadtaughthimself,andbythetimehewastwenty,hebecameaskillfulchemistandexcellentlinguist,speakingSwedish,Russian,German,FrenchandEnglish.Hebuiltupover80companiesin20differentcountries.Hewasalwayssearchingforameaningtolife.Hespentmuchtimeandmoneyworkingonhowtoendthewars,andthepeacebetweennations,untilhisdeathinItalyin1896.Hisfamouslastwill,inwhichheleftmoneytoprovideprizesforoutstandingworkinphysics,chemistry,physiology,medicine,literatureandpeace,isamemorialtohisinterestsandideas.Andso,themanisrememberedandrespectedlongafterhisdeath.
根据短文内容，选择能回答所提问题的正确答案。
1. WherewasAlfredNobelborn?
Hewasbornin ________.
A. Sweden B. Stockholm
C. Russia D. Moscow
2. WhatdidImmanuelNobelinventedduringtheCrimeanWar?
A. Theengineeringindustry. B. Astrongposition.
C. Landmine. D. Studyofexplosives.
3. WhydidAlfredNobelreturntoSweden?
Becausehisfather ________.
A. wentbankrupt B. wasputinprison
C. wasill D. died
4. HowmanycompaniesdidAlfredNobelbuildup?
Hebuilt up ________ companiesindifferentcountries.
A. 20 B. 40
C. 60 D. 80
5. WhatwasAlfredNobelalwayssearingfor?
________.
A. Moretimeandmoremoney B. Ameaningtolife
C. Howtoendthewar D. Thepeacebetweennations
【答案及解析】
1. B。
根据AlfredNobel,thegreatSwedishinventorandindustrialist,wasborninStockholmonOctober21,1833.（伟大的瑞典发明家和实业家诺贝尔于1883年10月21日出生于斯德哥尔摩）就能确定正确选项。
2. C。
根据ImmanuelNobelinventedlandmineandmadealotofmoneyfromthegovernmentduringtheCrimeanWar（以马利•诺贝尔在克里米亚战争中发明地雷，挣了很多钱）就能确定正确答案。
3. A。
根据wentbankruptsoonafter（不久破产了）就能确定正确答案（from）。
4. D。
根据Hebuiltupover80companiesin20differentcountries（他在20个国家建了80多个公司）就能确定答案。
5. B。
根据Hewasalwayssearchingforameaningtolife（他总是在搜索生活的意义）就能确定答案。
她用爱创造奇迹
Aneight-year-oldchildheardherparentstalkingaboutherlittlebrother.Allsheknewwasthathewasverysickandtheyhadnomoney.Onlyaveryexpensiveoperationcouldsavehimnowandtherewasnoonetolendthemthemoney.
Whensheheardherdaddysaytohertearfulmother,“Onlyamiraclecansavehimnow,”thelittlegirlwenttoherbedroomandpulledhermoneyfromitshidingplaceandcounteditcarefully.
Shehurriedtoadrugstore（药店）withthemoneyinherhand.
“Andwhatdoyouwant?
”askedthesalesman.“It’sformylittlebrother,”thegirlanswered.“He’sreally,reallysickandIwanttobuyamiracle.”“Pardon?
”saidthesalesman.
“MybrotherAndrewhassomethingbadgrowinginsidehisheadandmydaddysaysonlyamiraclecansavehim.Sohowmuchdoesamiraclecost?
”“Wedon’tsellamiraclehere,child.I’msorry,”thesalesmansaidwithasmile.
“Listen,ifitisn’tenough,Icantryandgetsomemore.Justtellmehowmuchitcosts.”
Awell-dressedmanhearditandasked,“Whatkindofamiracledoesyourbrotherneed?
”
“Idon’tknow,”sheansweredwithhereyesfulloftears.“He’sreallysickandmumsaysheneedsanoperation.Butmydaddycan’tpayforit,soIhavebroughtallmymoney.”
“Howmuchdoyouhave?
”askedtheman.“$1.11,butIcantryandgetsomemore,”sheanswered.
“Well,whatluck,”smiledtheman.“$1.11,thepriceofamiracleforlittlebrothers.”
Hetookupthegirl’shandandsaid,“Takemetowhereyoulive.Iwanttoseeyourbrotherandmeetyourparents.Let’sseeifIhavethekindofmiracleyouneed.”
Thatwell-dressedmanwasDrCarltonArmstrong,afamousdoctor.Theoperationwassuccessfulanditwasn’tlongbeforeAndrewwashomeagain.
Howmuchdidthemiraclecost?
（from）
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. Whatwasthetroubleinthelittlegirl’sfamily?
A. Herbrotherwasseriouslyill.
B. Theyhadnomoney.
C. Nothingcouldsaveherbrother.
D. BothAandB.
2. Intheeyeofthelittlegirl,amiraclemightbe_______.
A. somethinginteresting
B. somethingbeautiful
C. somewonderfulmedicine
D. somegoodfood
3. Thelittlegirlsaidagainandagain“...Icantryandgetsomemore.”Thatshows_______.
A. shehadstillkeptsomemoney
B. shehopednottoberefused
C. Therewasnoneedtoworryaboutmoney
D. shethoughtmoneywaseasytoget
4. Whatmadethemiraclehappen?
A. Thegirl’sloveforherbrother.
B. Thegirl’smoney.
C. Themedicinefromthedrugstore.
D. Nobodycantell.
5. Fromthepassagewecaninfer（推断）that_______.
A. Thedoctordidn’taskforanypay
B. Amiracleissuretohappenifyoukeepon
C. Thelittlegirlislovelybutnotsoclever
D. Andrewwasinfactnotsosickastheyhadthought
【答案及解析】
1. 选D。
根据第1段中的Allsheknewwasthathewasverysickandtheyhadnomoney可知答案。
2. 选C。
由于这个小女孩的家很穷，而她的兄弟又病得那样重，所以她的父亲说Onlyamiraclecansavehimnow，小女孩听了之后便翻出她所有的“积蓄”去药店购买miracle，由此可见，小女孩可能认为miracle是一种什么很神奇的药。
注：
miracle的实际意思是“奇迹”，Onlyamiraclecansavehimnow的意思是“只有出现奇迹才可能救得了他”
3. 选D。
Theurchin要Paul把车停在他家门前后，立即扶着他残疾的弟弟出来，让他看看Paul的车，然后告诉弟弟他想为他做的事，所以他只是想告诉他弟弟他的愿望。
4. 选C。
Theurchin在坐过Paul的车后没有忘记弟弟，并且承诺也要给弟弟买一辆车，可见他对弟弟有着一份深深的爱。
答案选C，而A、B、D三项与文章不符。
5. 选C。
通读全文，我们不得不为Theurchin的行为所感动，他是一个好哥哥。
文章就是讲述了他这样的一位好哥哥，C选项最合适。
友谊地久天长
这是一首经典歌曲，已经被几代人传唱，每当有人唱起这首歌时，依然会让人热泪盈眶。
因为这首歌中表达的是一种永恒的情，是每个人都渴望得到的，这就是友谊。
ThisisasongmillionsofAmericanswillhearthisNewYear’sEve.Itiscalled AuldLangSyne （《友谊地久天长》）.ItisthetraditionalmusicplayedduringtheNewYear’scelebration. AuldLangSyne isanoldScottishpoem.Ittellsabouttheneedtorememberoldfriends.
Thewords“auldlangsyne”mean“oldlongsince”.Nooneknowswhowrotethepoemfirst.However,aversionbyScottishpoetRobertBumswaspublished（出版）in1796.Thewordsandmusicweknowtodayfirstappearedinasongbookthreeyearslater.
ThesongisplayedintheUnitedStatesmainlyonNewYear’sEve.Theversion（译文）youarehearingtodayisbytheWashingtonSaxophoneQuartet.Asweendourprogramwith AuldLangSyne. IwouldliketowishallofourradiofriendsaveryHappyNewYear!
ThisisBuddyThomas.
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. Whereisthispassagefrom?
A.Anewspaper.B.Amagazine.
C.ATVprogram.D.Aradioprogram.
2. Whoisintroducing AuldLangSyne tous?
A.RobertBums.
B.TheWashingtonSaxophoneQuartet.
C.BuddyThomas.
D.Thepassagedoesn’ttellus.
3. Whenis AuldLangSyne mainlyplayedintheUSAaccordingtothepassage?
A.OnNewYear’sEve.
B.OnChristmasEve.
C.Onweekends
.D.Onholidays.
4. Whendidthewordsandmusicof AuldLangSyne weknowtodayfirstappear?
A.In1790.B.In1793.
C.In1796.D.In1799.
5. What’s AuldLangSyne about?
A.It’saboutthehistoryofScotland.
B.It’saboutanoldScottishpoet.
C.It’sabouttheneedtorememberoldfriends.
D.It’saboutthewishestotheradiofriends.
【答案及解析】
1. 选D。
从最后句子AsweendourprogramwithAuldLangSyne. IwouldliketowishallofourradiofriendsaveryHappyNewYear!
ThisisBuddyThomas.我们可以知道，这是播音员在结束节目时才会说的话，所以可以推断出这篇短文来自Aradioprogram（一个广播节目）。
答案为D。
2. 选C。
最后一句话告诉我们播音员是BuddyThomas，所以答案是C。
3. 选A。
短文的第1句ThisisasongmillionsofAmericanswillhearthisNewYear’sEve.就告诉了我们，这首歌是在NewYear’sEve听的，所以答案选择A。
4. 选D。
从第2段可以知道这首歌的前身是apoem（一首诗），在1796年出版，而Thewordsandmusicweknowtodayfirstappearedinasongbookthreeyearslater.3年以后歌曲才出现，所以应该是在1799年。
因此答案是D
5. 选C。
在第1段播音员就告诉我们：
Ittellsabouttheneedtorememberoldfriends.所以答案是C。
节约用水
Napogaisa12-year-oldgirlin Ghana（加纳）,Africa.Itishardforherfamilytogetcleanwater.Everymorning,sheleaveshomeathalfpastfivetogetcleanwaterforherfamilyinavillagefaraway.Ittakeshersixhourstogetenoughcleanwaterfordaily（日常）cookinganddrinking.Shehasnotimetogotoschoolortoplaywithherfriends.MillionsofpeopleintheworldarelikeNapoga.Theycan’tgetenoughcleanwatertokeephealthy.
EarthDayisApril22.Butonallotherdays,wemustalsorememberit.Thewaterweuseisthemostimportantnaturalresource（自然资源）ontheearth.
Watercovers70%oftheearth’ssurface（表面）.Butmostofthatisseawater.Wecan’tuseitforverymanythings.Freshwatercoversonly 1% oftheearth’ssurface.
Youprobablyfeelluckythatyourlifeisn’tashardasNapoga’s.Butthatdoesn’tmeanyoudon’thavetoworryaboutwater.Weallfaceseriouswaterproblems.Oneofthemiswater pollution.Allkindsofthingsfromcars,factories,farmsandhomesmakeourrivers,lakes,andoceansdirty.Pollutedwaterisverybadforpeopletodrink.Anddirtywaterisbadforfish,too.Now,34%ofallkindsoffisharedyingout.
Howdocarsandfactoriesmakeourwaterdirty?
First,theypollutetheair.Then,whenitrains,therainwatercomesdownandmakesourdrinkingwaterdirty.Dirtyrain,calledacidrain（酸雨）,isalsobadforplants,animalsandbuildings.
Scientistssaythatin30years,morethanhalfofthepeopleintheworldwon’thaveenoughcleanwater.Wehavetolearnhowtosavemorewaterforourselvesandourchildren.Hereissomeadvice
升级会员 