考研英语专业样题.docx

考研英语专业样题.docx

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考研英语专业样题

天津外国语学院

2007年攻读英语语言文学专业硕士学位

研究生入学考试样题

考试科目：

基础英语+汉语

（考试时间180分钟总分150分）

I.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestexplainstheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（20pointsfor20questions）Thefollowingarefivesamplequestions.

1.Youtalkaboutitasifitwereagrammarschoolinsteadofaleadinguniversity.

A.verylarge

B.veryserious

C.veryprestigious

D.veryfundamental

2.Iattendedthegreatpoet’spriorlectureandwasnotabouttomisshisencore—eventhoughIwasquartered110milesnorthoftheuniversity.

A.lived

B.wasseparated

C.wasinformed

D.wasarrested

3.AtthatmomentMr.Frost’shostmaterializedbehindhimtoremindhimofhisschedule.

A.appeared

B.handedhimsomething

C.spoke

D.told

4.Companieswilladdressthissituationthroughmethodslikeon-sitecounselingandthedevelopmentofspecialprograms.

A.gotothespot

B.remember

C.record

D.dealwith

5.IgotoutthankstoacollegescholarshipandbecauseIwasalittlemorearticulatethantheaverage.

A.abletodoadditioneffectively

B.abletoexpressone’sthoughtseffectively

C.abletowriteeffectively

D.abletoinitiatethingseffectively

II.Readcarefullythefollowingpassage（s）andthenanswerthequestions.（20pointsfor20questions）.Thefollowingisasamplepassagewithfivesamplequestions.

Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics—thescienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitiesonmachines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.

Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobo-drivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy-fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves-goalsthatposearealchallenge.

“Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,”saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,“wecan'tyetgivearobotenough‘commonsense’toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld.”Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain'sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented-andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated-thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglefaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan'tapproachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon'tknowquitehowwedoit.

1.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin.

A.theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction.

B.thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry.

C.theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork.

D.theelite'scunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork

2.Theword“gizmos"（line1,paragraph2）mostprobablymeans.

A.programs.B.experts.C.devices.D.creatures.

3.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman'sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan.

A.fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery.

B.interactwithhumanbeingsverbally.

C.havealittlecommonsense.

D.respondindependentlytoachangingworld.

4.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso.

A.makeafewdecisionsforthemselves.

B.dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention.

C.improvefactoryenvironments.

D.cultivatehumancreativity.

5.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare.

A.expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure.

B.abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately.

C.farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation.

D.bestusedinacontrolledenvironment.

III.Fillineachblankwithanappropriatewordorphrasetocompletethefollowingpassage.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Asadoctorwhotravelsquitealot,Ispentalotoftimeonplaneslisteningforthatdreaded“Isthereadoctoronboard?

”announcement.Ilavebeencalledonlyonceforawomanwhohadmerelyfainted.Butthe__1__mademequite___2__howoftenthiskindofthinghappens.IwonderwhatIwoulddoifconfrontedwitharealmidairemergencywithoutaccessbyahospitalstaffandtheusualemergencyequipment.SowhentheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinelastweekpublishedastudyaboutin-flightmedicalevents,Ireaditwith__3__.

Thestudyestimatedthatthereareanaverageofthirtyin-flightmedicalemergenciesonUSflightseveryday.Mostofthemarenot__4__.__5__13%ofthemareseriousenoughtorequirethepilottochangecourse.Themostcommonemergencies__6__hearttrouble,strokeanddifficultyinbreathing.

Let’sfaceit:

planeridesarestressful.Forstarters,cabinpressuresathighaltitudearesetroughlywhattheywouldbeifyoulivedat5000to8000feetabovesealevel.Mostpeoplecan__7__thesepressures,butpassengerswithheartdisease__8__experiencechestpain.Anotherproblemisdeepvenousthrombosis—theso-calledeconomicclasssyndrome.___9_happens,donotpanic.Thankstomorerecentlegislation,__10___withjustoneattendantarestartingtoinstallemergencymedicalkitstotreatheartattacks.

IV.Paraphrasetheunderlinedsentences.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

1.Warornowar,asthegenerationspassed,itbecameincreasinglydifficultforouryoungpeopletoacceptstandardsofbehaviorthatborenorelationshiptothebustlingbusinessmediuminwhichtheywereexpectedtobattleforsuccess.ThewaractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownofVictoriansocialstructure.

2.Forthegreatmajorityofautomobileworkers,theonlymeaningofthejobisinthepaycheck,notanythingconnectedwiththeworkortheproduct.Workappearsassomethingunnatural,adisagreeable,meaninglessandstultifyingconditionofgettingthepaycheck,devoidofdignityaswellasofimportance.

V．Therearetwosectionsinthispart.ForSection1,youareaskedtotranslatetwoofthethreeunderlinedsentencesinthepassageintoChinese.ForSection2,youareaskedtotranslatetheunderlinedfivepartsintheparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.（30points）

Section1

[1]Itisasthoughsomegiant’shandweresqueezingthetrunksofthetrees,forcingthesapupandalongthebranches,fortheblossomseemstosquirtintotheair.

TherehavebeenotherMaysinotheryears,butneverhastherebeensomuchblossom.Thebeesarebewilderedbyit.Afewsmallbush-appleswhichwereasaustereaswalkingstickswhenIplantedthemonlytwomonthsagoarenowinfullflower,andlooklikelittlegirlsjustofftoacarnival.

Peach,cherry,plumandapplestrainintotheair;[2]allthetreesintheorchardareouttogether,andforonce,noclumsywindhasshornorrainwashedtheirfrail,enameled,finepetalsdownintothelecheroushandsofgrass.

[3]Whatfloweristhereasdelicateasthisflowerthatgrowsoutofagnarledoldtreewithitstrunkalltwistedanditsbarkallblistered?

Itisaparadox.Beautyisalwaysaparadox.

Vocabulary

blister:

abumporswellingappears

enamel：

asubstancelikeglassthatcanbeheatedandputontometal,glassorpotteryinordertodecorateorprotectit.

lecher:

amanwhoiscontinuallythinkingaboutsex

Section2

[1]西方文化以宗教为本，从希腊神话到拉美神话的叙事传统，[2]人界之外还有神界的深厚资源和广阔空间，魔幻的力量诱人至深，[3]今天风靡天下的《哈利·波特》和《星球大战》，更把这一传统在高科技的参与下发挥光大。

[4]中国文学中六月飞雪，梁祝化蝶，白发三千丈，倒拔垂杨柳等，是介乎浪漫与魔幻之间的想象夸张，即便偶有神幻的点缀，也用之极慎。

[5]撇开佛家道家的传统不谈，中国儒家主流强于人本视角而弱于神本视角。

VI.PleasewriteinEnglishanessayofapproximately300wordsononeofthetitlesgivenbelowontheANSWERSHEET.（20points）

1.TheRoleofLearner’sNativeLanguageinhis/herLearningProcessofEnglishasaForeignLanguage

2.TheRoleofDictionariesintheLearningProcessofEnglishasaForeignLanguage

汉语部分（40分）

（注：

英语教育和英语翻译专业的考生答一、四、五题，其他专业的考生答一、二、三、四题。

）

一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）

1.《诗经》中的诗歌创作年代是从_________至春秋中叶。

2.战国散文按其内容可分为两大类：

一类是_________；一类是先秦_________。

3.南朝出现了文学批评史上罕有其匹的巨著《_________》。

4.魏晋南北朝诗歌_________时期的创作最为辉煌，其代表作家是三曹，即_________、_________、_________和女诗人_________。

5.“楼船夜雪瓜洲渡，”是陆游《_________》中的名句。

二、单项选择题（在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确答案，每小题1分，共20分）

1.以语录体形式记述的先秦诸子著作是（）。

A、老子B、论语C、孟子D、荀子

2.按照班固的解释，“离骚”的意思就是（）。

A、遭受忧患B、离别的忧愁C、发牢骚D、被离间骚扰

3.“建安”这一年号属于（）。

A、汉B、魏C、蜀D、吴

4.宋代文人中，文章有战国纵横家之风的是《六国论》的作者（）。

A、王安石B、苏轼C、苏洵D、欧阳修

5.清诗人中以七言歌行《圆圆曲》而名满一时的是（