叉车充电站规划设计技术要求.docx

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叉车充电站规划设计技术要求.docx

叉车充电站规划设计技术要求

液态铅酸电池充电站计划

Planingofchargingstations

forliquidacidPb-batteries

林德•厦门叉车有限公司

Linde-XiamenForkLiftTruckCo.,Ltd

2002.11

目录Content

1.充电站的定义和说明Definitionsanddescriptionsofchargingstations

1.1电池房Battery-Rooms

12电池充电站Batterychargingstations

2.建筑结构Buildingconstruction

2.1充电站内的车辆空间Truckplaceinchargingstations

2.2电池房的空间Placeinbatteryrooms

2.3地板条件Floorcondition

3.电气安装Electricalinstallation

3.1视在功率ApparentPower

3.2取暧Heating

4.充电机Charger

5.通风Ventilation

5.1总贝ijGeneral

5.2根据DINVDE0510i十算CalculationaccordingDINVDE0510

5.3必要的空闲房屋空间计算Calculationofthenecessaryfreeroomspace

5.4必要的空气流量计算Calculationofthenecessaryvolumeofairflow

5.5通风纟吉构Constructionofaventilation

6.房屋和气候Roomtemperatureandclimate

7.加i水Watertopping

8.搬运电池Batterychangingarrangements

8.1起巫设备和货车CraneEquipmentsandchanginglorries

9.维护和维修地方Maintenanceandrepairplaces

10.和规定Labelsandregulations

11.急救措施Firstaid

12.重要的规范和规定Importantnormsandregulations

1•充电站的定义和说明

Definitionsandregulationsofchargingstations

1.1电池房

Battery-Rooms:

电池房於一种专门给电池充电和储存电池的谢屋.也可以将充电机安装在电池沟内。

Abatteryroomisaspecialroomforchargingandstoringbatteries,intheseroomsalsothechargerscouldbeinstalled.

12电池充电站

Batterychargingstations:

电池充电站是一种专门房屋.在屋内,可以给裝在车辆匕的电池充电也可以给所述的电池充电.

Abatterychargingstationisaspecialroomforchargingbatterieswhichareinstalledinthetrucksandalsocharg•ingbatteriesaccording1•1•

总之先要决定圧否应该建立电池功或充电站,大多数借况下两班或三班工作制运行应该有电池房,充电机前放有正常充好电和正在充电的电池。

在充电站里•正常情况下装在车辆中的电池和充电机相接,以上两种充电方式都可以放在1间房中。

Generalistodecideifabatteryroomorabatterychargingstationshouldbesetup.Mostlyabatteryroomisnecessaryatatwoorthreeshiftoperation,normallyrechargedbatteriesandbatteriesunderchargestandinfrontofonecharger.Inbatterychargingstationsnormallytruckswithinstalledbatteriesareconnectedtothechargers•Alsobothdifferentversionscouldbeinstalledinoneroom.

朿要的於房屋圧否肚一个冇人负责对电池管理'维护和充电的工作场所.这样必须冇专门规定,如:

灯光'噪音、温度•气体释放等等•出否还要有附加等候室•清洗室和休息室。

Importantisiftheroomisaworkingplacewherepersonsareinchargetooptainandmaintainandchangebatter・ies.Inthiscasespecialregulationsforworkingplacesarenecessary,forexamplequestionsaboutlight,noise,temperature,gas-emissionandsoon,additionalwaitingrooms,washroomsandrestroomshadtobeinstalled.

2.建筑结构

Buildingconstructions

bde䃿ဂꘀ=Ԁ充电站里的车辆空间

Truckplaceinchargingstations

总则

General

充电站的平ifii空间取决于充电站规模和车辆种类•而冃根据VDI2197,2198和2199或国家特殊标准计算车辆进、岀和转弯的必备空间•

Thenecessarysquaremetersofchargingstationsdependsinthemainpartofthekindofchargingstationandthetrucks,alsothenecessaryspacefordriveinandoutandturnaroundwiththetrucksmustbecalculatedaccordingtheregulationVDI2197,2198and2199orspecialnationalnorms.

实际可以用15rp2计算,重耍的足:

•车辆的种类和外形尺寸

•毎个车型的车辆数虽

•车辆总数虽

•充电机的数試和种类

•车辆占据的而积(宽和深)

•车辆髙

Inpracticeyoucancalculatewith15m2squaremeters,importantare:

kindandlargenessofthetrucks

quantityoftrucksofeachtrucktype

totalquantityoftrucks

quantityandtypeofchargers

thestandsquaremetersofthetruck(wideanddeep)

highofthetruck

车辆附加的占地面积,必须将车辆周闱空间0.6m和充电机到电池间1m的距离计算在内.

Additionaltothestandsquaremetersofthetrucksanecessaryspacearoundthetruckof0,6metersandadis-tancechargertobatteryof1metermustbecalculated.

车辆到充电机和存储的货物之间最小距离:

Minimumdistancesoftruckstochargersandstoredgoods

充电机AchargerA

充电机BchargerB

 

屐少0,6meter

最!

少1meter

屐少2,5meter

a)车辆周围必备空间

necessaryspacearoundthetruck

b)电池和充电机间必备距离

necessarydistancebetweenbatteryandchargerC)到易燃品的必备距离

necessarydistancetoinflammablestoredgoodsd)到易爆品的必备距离necessarydistaneetoexplosivematerial

必备髙度(取决于车辆)necessaryhighoftheplace(dependsofthetrucks)

最!

少5meter

屐少2meter

充电站的房屋布局

Roomarrangementatachargingstation

相对放置的车辆间必备距离应该是车辆转动空间的一半(Wa)0.6m(B=Wa+0,6ni)

necessarydistancebetweentheoppositeplacedtruckshouldbethehalfoftheturnaroundspace(Wa)ofthetruckplus0,6meter(B=Wa+0,6m)

 

 

 

bde䃿ဂꘀ=Ԁ电池房的空间Placeinbatteryrooms

电池充电房的必要面积取决于电池'充电机•起祇设备或运输充放电电池的车辆的种类•数戢和大小.

Inbatterychargingroomsthenecessarysquaremetersdependsofthequantityandthelargenessofthebatteriesandthechargersandofthekindofcraneorthechange-wagontohandletherechargedandthedischargedbatteries

实际上,可以用7m2计算

Inpracticeyoucancalculatewith7m2

毎个充电机前必须计算出必备空间,以放宣两个电池加上电池Z间協少0.2m的通风空间。

Infrontofeachchargerthenecessaryplacemustbecalculatedfortwobatteriesplusadistaneeofminimum0,2meterbetweenthebatteriestohaveagoodventilationduringcharge•

放电池的托架必须以粧重的电池考虑计算,并R与地隔离。

Batterybanksmustbecalculatedfortheheaviestbatteryandmustbeisolatedagainsttheground.

充电机前而板到电池的啟短距离(a)为0.5m•电池到遛度超过200C的加热装置屐短距离为2.5mc

Theminimumdistari8(a)ofthechargerfrontpaneltothebatteryis0t5meterandminimum2t5meterbe•tweenbatteryandheatingsystemswithatemperaturemorethan200C

bde䃿ဂꘀ=Ԁ地板要求

Floorconditions

地板匕应该盖有•层助酸材料

乐强

抗酸腐蚀泄混电阻绝缘附抗

>8N/mm

抗硫酸H2SO4(50%)

<108ohm

>100kohm

泄漏电阻

绝缘阻抗

<108ohm(ill池周用1.5m.)>100kohm(电池周围1.5m>)

屋顶一抗酸腐辿

抗硫酸tH2SO4(50%)

地板必须有一个昴小0.25亦坑・!

•嗣鬧斜度为1%。

Thefloorshouldbecoveredwithanacidresistantmaterial:

Pressuresolidity>8N/mm

AcidsolidityagainstH2SO4(50%)<108ohm

DivertresistaneeThefloormusthaveaGradientof1%toapitofminimum0,25m3

Walls

DivertresistaneeIsolationresistanee

Isolationresistanee>100kohm

<108ohm(onlyaroundtheplaceofthebatteries

(1t5m)>100kohm(onlyaroundtheplaceofthebatteries

Roofs

AcidsolidityagainstH2SO4(50%)

3.电气安装

Electricalinstallation

总则

General

按照DINVDE0100或&•门国家标准或根据充电机供货商的说明进行电"安装,应具有市电电源断路器、为毎个充电机安装带慢动作熔丝的电源断路器或电机电路H动空气开矢•应该具有通风并规定:

只有工作通风时才能充电。

TheelectricalinstallationistobedoneaccordingDINVDE0100orspecialnationalnormswithamainswitchpowerbreakerandeachchargerwithapowerbreakerwith

slowactingfusesorautomaticbreakersformotor-ratedcircuitsaccordingthetechnicalinstructionsofthesupplierofthechargers•Withaventilationitshouldbeinstalledaregulationthatonlywithaworkingventilationachargeispossible

视在功率

Apparentpower

视在功率计算必须包括卜列项冃:

•充电机

•加热系统

•通风

•照明

Forthecalculationoftheapparentpowerthefollowingcomponentsmustbeineluded:

chargers

heatingsystems

ventilation

illumination

充电机1到n的视在功率计算:

根据供货商的信息•功率P1.P2……Pn

P(总功率)二(P1+P2+...Pn)xa

a二因数,所有充电机都工作(…般为0,8)

Calculationoftheapparentpowerofthechargers1ton:

PoweraccordingtheinformationofthesupplierPitP2«...•PnP(total)=(P1+P2+...Pn)xa

a=factorifallchargersareinfunction(typical0.8)

对于充电札效率和功率因数COSphi同样重要•典型计算脣

充电机技术/曲线

效率

cosphi

50Hz-充电机/Wa,WoWa

75%

0.7

50Hn・充电机/lUla

85%

07

HF-充电机/lUla

90%

0,95

Forthechargersalsotheefficiencyetaandthepowerfactorcosphiareimportardtypicalcalculation

chargetechnique/curve

eta

cosphi

50Hz-charger/WatWoWa

75%

D.7

50Hz-charger/lUla

85%

D.7

HF-charger/lUla

90%

0t95

加热Heating

加热功率取决于房屋种类和大小,与充电机和电池的发热成反比。

Theheatingpowerdependsofthekindandlargenessoftheroomitwillbedecreasedbytheheatingofthechargersandthebatteries.

充电能呈计算

例如电池

48V750Ah,放电等级80%输出

充电机

曲线WoWa,负载系数1.2中负载

总能虽:

电压2,4V/Z

效率80%

64.8kWh(所自充电机有功功,

消耗的负载能戢

51.8kWh

损失能虽

13t0kWh(可用于加热)

Calculationofthechargeenergy

KiixQexLFxnxUm匸一

etax1000

E视在功率appaientpower[kWh]

Kii额定容磧nonunalcapacity[AllK5]

Qe放电等级discliaigegrade[%]

LF充电系数chargefactor

n单体电池数虽numbeiofcells

I】中负载电压middleloadvoltage[V/Z]

eta允电机效率efficiencyofthechaigei

1000kWh转换whcalculationof[Wh]m[kWh]

Example

BatteryCharger

Totalenergy:

8nsumedloadenergyLostenergy

48V750Ah,dischargegrade80%

outputcurveWoWa,loadfactorl,2middleloadvoltage2.4V/Zefficiency80%

kWh(apparentpowerofallchargers)

kWh

13t0kWh(usableforheating)

4.充电机

Chargers

为了选择正确的充电机,必须要知道电池空号、电池种类、额定电乐'额定容就和根据工种、单班、两班或三班决定的充电时间.

充电机根括外形大小既町以墙上安装也可以地面安装。

为了良好通风充电机之间最小0.2m间跑很朿要。

为便丁・方便操作,应该选择好安装充电机的高度。

任何与水有矢的安載必须在充电机卜•面。

Toselectthecorrectchargersitisnecessarytoknowthebatterytype,thekindofbattery,thenominalvoltage,thenominalcapacityandthechargingtimedependingofthekindofworking,singleshiftortwo.threeshiftoperation.

Thechargersareeitherwallmountedorfloormounteddependingofthelargenessofthechargers•

Importantisalsoadistaneebetweenthechargersofminimum0.2metertogetagoodventilationoftheair.

Themountinghighshouldbeselectedthatagoodoperationwiththechargersispossible.Anyinstallationofwatermustbebelowthechargers・

电线Mcablecanal

Exampleforwallmountedchargers例如.焙上安装充电机:

通风Ventilation

5.1总则General因为电解液的水分离在电池胶内形成氢氧混合气体•这个过程是在接近电池充电结朿时•即电池过充时发生的,超过过充电乐就开始放气阶段•

要设计电池充电功和充电站有足够的门然通风•如果需契强迫通风・就应该在始开充电时接通通凤装宣・进风尽可能的接近地面・经过电池然后尽可能高的从对面排岀•

Abatterycabformagasmixtureofhydrogenandoxygenduetotheelectrolyticdecompositionofwa怕r.Thisgasdevelopsparticularlytowardstheendofbatterychargingorifthebatteryisovercharged.Itisatitgreatestabovethevoltageatwhichgassingstarts•

Batterychargingroomsandbatterychargingstationsshallwherepossiblebedesignedsothatthenaturalventila-tionissufficient.Ifartificialventilationisnecessary.itshallbeensuredthattheventilationisswitchedonwhilstchargingistakenplace•

Theinletairshallenterascloseaspossibletotheground,passeverthebatteriesandescapeashigh

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