初中英语常用动词搭配和动词短语以及辨析.docx
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初中英语常用动词搭配和动词短语以及辨析
初中英语常用动词搭配
鼓励做某事允许某人做某事允许做某事
1.动词后接todo
asksb.todosth.请(叫)某人做某事tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事ordersbtodosth.命令某人做某事wantsbtodosth.想要做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事wishsbtodosth.希望某人做某事wouldliketodosth.想要做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事drivesb.todosth.驱使某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.制止某人做某事forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事offertodosth.主动提出做某事plantodosth.计划做某事preparetodosth.预备做某事pretendtodosth.假装做某事promisetodosth.许诺做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事failtodosth.未能做某事happentodosth.碰巧做某事needsbtodosth需要某人做某事
2.动词后接ing
considerdoingsth.考虑做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事escapedoingsth.逃脱做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事imaginedoingsth.想象做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事preventdoingsth.阻止做某事putoffdoingsth.推迟做某事riskdoingsth.冒险做某事forbiddoingsth.制止做某事forgivedoingsth.原谅做某事stopsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事appreciatedoingsth.感激做某事suggestdoingsth.建议做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事payattentiontodoing注意做某事avoiddoing避免做某事
3.动词后既接to又接ing
(1)remembertodosth.记得要做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事
(2)forgettodosth.forgetdoingsth.
(3)
regrettodosth.regretdoingsth.
(4)trytodosth.trydoingsth.
(5)stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.
(6)meantodosth.meandoingsth.
(10)need/wanttodosth.想要做某事(主动)need/wantdoingsth.想要被做(被动)
(11)allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth允许做某事
(12)advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisedoingsth.建议做某事
(13)encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
encouragedoingsth.
(14)permitsbtodosthpermitdoingsth
4.动词后接动词原形do
(1)letsb.dosth.让某人做某事
(2)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事=makesthdone
(3)havesb.dosth.使某人做某事=havesthdone
(4)seesb.dosth.看见某人做过某事seesb.doing看见某人正在做某事
(5)hearsb.dosth.听见某人做过某事hearsb.doing听见某人正在做某事
(6)findsb.dosth.发现某人做过某事
findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事
(7)watchsb.dosth.察看某人做某事
(8)hadbatterdosth.最好做某事
4.接双宾语
(一)双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词(多表示动词的方向)bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人handsb.sth.=handsth.tosb.把某物递给某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借给某人mailsb.sth.=mailsth.tosb.把某物寄给某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.将某物给某人passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物递给某人paysb.sth.=paysth.tosb.付给某人某物(钱)readsb.sth.=readsth.tosb.把某物读给某人听returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.把某物还给某人sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把某物卖给某人sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物送给某人showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.拿某物给某人看takesb.sth.=takesth.tosb.把某物拿给某人teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某物tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某情况throwsb.sth.=throwsth.tosb.把某物扔给某人writesb.sth.=writesth.tosb.给某人写信
(二)双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词(多表示动词的目的)booksb.sth.=booksth.forsb.为某人预定某物buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.为某人买某物choosesb.sth.=choosesth.forsb.为某人选某物cooksb.sth.=cooksth.forsb.为某人煮某物drawsb.sth.=drawsth.forsb.为某人画某物findsb.sth.=findsth.forsb.为某人找到某物getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.为某人拿来某物makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.为某人做某物ordersb.sth.=ordersth.forsb.为某人订购某物picksb.sth.=picksth.forsb.为某人采摘某物preparesb.sth.=preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物savesb.sth.=savesth.forsb.为某人留某物singsb.sth.=singsth.forsb.为某人唱某物(歌)stealsb.sth.=stealsth.forsb.为某人偷某物
初中英语常用动词短语整理
5.Be动词结构
beabletodo能够做
beafraidtodo(内心)害怕不敢做某事
beafraidofdoing担心出现doing的状况、结果
beangrywith对生气
beathome=stayathome待在家里
beback/in/out回来/在家/外出
bebadfor对有害
bebusydoing/withsth忙于做(忙于)
becarefulof当心,
注意,仔细
becoveredwith被
……覆盖
bedifferentfrom与…
…不同
befamous/knownas
作为……
出名
befamous/knownfor
以……
而著名
befree空闲的,有空
befriendly/kindto对
……友好
befrom=comefrom来自…,什么地方人befullof/filledwith装满
begoodat=dowellin擅长于…
begoodfor对……有好处be(ill)inbed卧病在床beinterestedin对……感兴趣beintrouble处于困境中belatefor迟到bemadat对……生气bemadefrom/of由……制成bemadein在……地方制造bemadeupof由构成
beon在进行,在上演,(灯)亮着bepleasedwith对…感到高兴bepolite/impoliteto对某人有礼貌/不礼貌bepopularwith受……欢迎;beproudof对……感到自豪bereadyfor为……作好准备besatisfiedwith对感到满意(高兴)
besurprised(at)对……感到惊讶bestrictinsth.对某事严格bestrictwithsb.对某人严格besupposedtodosth.应该做某事beusedfordoing被用来做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事
beusedtodoing习惯于
beworriedabout=beanxiousabout担忧
6.短语(首字母排列)
aimat针对…
agreewithsb.同意某人的意见或建议
askfor请求、索要
askforadayoff请一天假add…to…把…和…加起来achieveavictory取得胜利arrivein到达(大地方)arriveat到达(小地方)arguewith与…争吵apologizeto向…道歉
breakupwithsb.与某人断绝关系
breakout爆发
breakdown出毛病,拆开
breakoff解散,解雇breaktherule违规breakinto破门而入believein信任begin/startwith以…开始belongto属于…built…into…把…建成…baseon以…为基础borrow…from…向…借
comeintobeing形成、出现
cometrue实现
comeforavisit来参观
comeon快,走吧,跟我来
comeback回来
cometodosth.逐渐做某事
comeabout发生
comefrom来自…
comeupwith提出主意想法
comealong出现、发生
comeover过来
comeinto进入…里
comein进来comeout出来,出现,出版comeoutof从…里出来catchupwith赶上…catchafire着火catchholdof抓住…catchabus赶公共汽车cutup切碎cutinhalf切成半cutoff切断(电源、水源)cutinline插队carefor关心、关爱careabout在意callfor号召callback回电话callatsp.拜访某地callonsb.拜访某人callout呼喊callup给…打电话callsb.atsomenumber给某人打某个号码calmdown镇静下来communicatewith与…交流complainabout抱怨…can'twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事cleanup清理、打扫干净carryout执行
connect…to…把…和…连起来chatonline网上聊天checkover检查
dropby顺便拜访dropoutofschool辍学droplitter丢垃圾doanexperiment做实验doanoperationonsb.给某人做手术dosth.inperson亲自做某事dobusiness做生意doexercise做操dowith=dealwith处理dowrong做错事
doone'shomework=doone'lesson做作业dosomesports做运动
domorningexercises做早操dowellin做得好,擅长于dothedishes洗餐具
doone'sbesttodosth尽力做某事
dosomecleaning扫除dosomereading读书dosomeshopping购物dosomecooking做饭dothelaundry洗衣服dosomechores做杂务disagreewithsb.不同意某人意见describe…as…把…描绘为…dieof死于(直接内因,如疾病、饥渴)diefrom死于(间接外因,如车祸、天灾)dieout灭绝drivesb.crazy使某人发疯driveto…开车去…divide…into…把…分成…dependon依赖…decideonsth.对……做决定dryout干涸dryup烘干dreamof梦想…drawup起草、拟定dressup装扮、打扮e-mailsb.给某人发电子邮件enjoyoneself玩得愉快enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事endupdoingsth.结束做某事explaintosbsth=explainsth.tosb.向某人解释某事eatup吃光
fallbehind落后
falloff从……掉下
falldown滑到,倒下(后接宾语要加from)
fallover向前摔倒、跌倒
fallinto落入;陷入
fallill病倒
fallasleep入睡
fallinlovewith爱上、迷恋fightagainst与…作斗争followtherules遵守规则failtheexam考试不及格findout查明(原因、真相)feellikedoing想做某事flyakite放风筝flyto乘飞机去…fitinto…适应…fillin=fillout填充填写fill…with…用…填…feelsorryfor因…而难过foldtheclothes叠衣服
geton上(车、船、飞机等)getoff下(车、船、飞机等)getup起来、起床
getgoodgrades取得好成绩
getover客服
getridof除掉…getto到达getoutof从…里出来getinto进入getinthewayof妨碍gettogether聚会getintotrouble陷入困境getoutoftrouble脱离困境getusedto(doing)sth.习惯(做)某事gettodosth.着手做某事getreadyfor为…做准备getsb.intotrouble使某人陷入困境getawayfrom远离…getasoreback背痛
getbacktosb.过会儿与某人通话(打电话用语)
geton/alongwellwith与相处…融洽
gettoknow认识
getmarriedto与某人结婚
getintouchwith与…取得联系goahead先走,向前走,去吧,干吧goto…去…gohome回家
goout出去
gooutfor…出去做…
godown/along沿着…走
gotoschool上学
gotothedoctor'去医务室
gotothecinema去看电影
goacross…穿过…(平面)
gotowork上班
gobad变坏
goby流逝(时间)
goone'sownway走自己的路
goforawalk去散步
gosightseeing去观光
goaway走开
gotosleep入睡
gotobed上床睡觉
goonwith继续…
goshopping去购物
gohiking去远足
goabroad出国
goover复习
godownstairs/upstairs下楼/上楼
goonatrip去旅游
givein(doing)sth.屈服(做)某事giveup(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事giveaway赠送
giveout颁发
giveback归还
giveoff发出(气味、烟雾等)
givesb.someadvice给某人提建议
giveatalk作报告
givelessonstosb.给某人上课
givesb.agoodbeating好好教训某人一下givesb.ahand帮某人忙
growup长大
haveagoodtime玩得愉快
haveadiscussion进行讨论
haveaparty举行聚会
haveameeting开会
havenothingtodowith与…无关havetroublewithsth.做某事有困难havedifficulty/troubledoingsth.费力做某事havefun玩得愉快haveafever发烧haveacold感冒haveacough咳嗽
haveastamachache胃痛
havefundoingsth.愉快地做某事
haveamatch举行比赛
haveafightwith与…比赛、斗争havenoideaof不知道…haveahardtimedoingsth.艰难地做某事havesth.todowith与…有关haveanaccident发生事故havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早、午、晚饭haveclass上课havewater喝水haveaconversationwith与…会话havealookat看一下…haveatalkwith与…谈话haveaproblemwith做某事有疑难haveagoodtrip路途愉快haveatry试一下havealaughat嘲笑.…haveapityonsb.同情某人havearest休息一下
haveawordwith与……谈几句话
hearof听说
hearfrom收到…的来信
handsup举手handin上交handout分发holdup抓住、握住holdameeting举行会议holdanexhibition举行展览happentodosth.恰巧做某事
hurryup赶快hurryoff匆忙离开
helponeselftosth.随便用…helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事
It'sone'sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事
insistondoingsth..坚持做某事
joinin穿着
jointogether团结起来jointhearmy参军jointheparty入党
keep(stay)awayfrom远离
keepout不让进入
keepdown压低(音量等)
keepapet饲养宠物
keepingoodmood保持好心情
keepondoing一直做某事keephealthy保持健康keepingoodhealth保持健康keepupwith跟上…keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事keepoff防御keepintouchwith与…保持联系knockat=knockon敲…knockinto撞到某人身上learn…byoneself自学…learn…from…向…学习learn…byheart记住…leavefor离开去某处leavesth.somewhere把某物忘在某处leaveschool毕业leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下leaveamessageforsb给某人留个口信leadto导致liveon…以…为生liveahappylife过着幸福的生活lookafter照看…lookfor寻找…lookdownon藐视…lookup查找(字词等)lookover检查(身体等)lookforwardto盼望…lookon…as把看作…lookat看…looklike看起来像…lookaround环顾
lookout当心
lookoutof向…外面看
lookthrough浏览
lookthesame看起来一样
lookinsi