四川省南充市高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解基础练习1.docx

四川省南充市高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解基础练习1.docx

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四川省南充市高考英语二轮复习说理议论阅读理解基础练习1

说理议论阅读理解基础练习

（1）

说理议论（阅读理解）由（2020天津,D）改编

　　Blindimitation（模仿）isself-destruction.Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth,imitationappearsattractive;tothosewhoknowtheirstrength,imitationisunacceptable.

Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful.WhenIfirstlearnedtocook,Iusedrecipes（菜谱）andturnedoutsometastydishes.ButsoonIgrewbored.Whyfollowsomeoneelse’swayofcookingwhenIcouldcreatemyown?

Imitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelsonachild’sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoing,butonceyoufindyourownbalance,youflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.

Indailylife,imitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously（下意识地）holdpoorrolemodels.If,asachild,youobservedpeoplewhoseliveswerebad,youmayhaveacceptedtheirfearandpainasnormalandgoneontofollowwhattheydid.Ifyoudonotmakestrongchoicesforyourself,youwillgettheresultsoftheweakchoicesofothers.

Inthefieldofentertainment,ourcultureglorifiescelebrities.Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.Butwhentheystepoffscreen,theirpersonallivesmaybedisastrous.Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeone,focusontheirtalent,nottheirbadcharacterorunacceptablebehaviors.

Blessedisthepersonwillingtoactontheirsuddendesiretocreatesomethingunique.Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaffectedyoumostdeeply.Theytouchedyoubecausetheircreationsweremotivatedbyinspiration,notdesperation.Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebeforethem,butbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.Theproblemacreatorfacesisnotrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowithallthematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.

Studyyourrolemodels,acceptthegiftstheyhavegiven,andleavebehindwhatdoesnotserveyou.Thenyoucansay,“Istandontheshouldersofmyancestors’tragediesanddeclarevictory,andknowthattheyarecheeringmeon.”

1.Imitationprovesusefulwhenyou　　　.

A.knowyouareunique

B.losethebalanceoflife

C.begintolearnsomethingnew

D.gettiredofroutinepractice

2.Toavoidthebadresultofimitation,weshould　　　.

A.forgetdailyfearandpain

B.choosetherightexample

C.askothersfordecisions

D.stayawayfromstars

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoare　　　.

A.desperatetoinfluenceotherswiththeirknowledge.

B.readytoturntheiroriginalideasintoreality

C.eagertodiscoverwhattheirancestorsdid

D.willingtoacceptothers’ideas

4.Thetroubleacreatorfacesis　　　.

A.thelackofstrongmotivation

B.theabsenceofpracticalideas

C.howtosearchformorematerials

D.howtouseimaginationcreatively

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

（　　）

A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcreativity.

B.Tocriticizethecharactersofrolemodels.

C.Tocompareimitationwithcreation.

D.Toexplainthemeaningofsuccess

语篇解读:

本文为议论文。

作者告诉人们:

盲目模仿是自我毁坏。

幸运垂青那些乐于把自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们;世界的发展更是需要这些有创造力的人。

答案及剖析:

1.C　事实细节题。

根据第二段第一句Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment...可知C项正确。

2.B　推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句...imitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously（下意识地）holdpoorrolemodels.（如果不经意地模仿了坏榜样就可能伤害到我们。

）及下文的例子可知:

为了避免模仿造成的恶果,我们应该选择好榜样。

所以B项正确。

3.B　事实细节题。

根据第五段第四句可知:

世界之所以发展是因为有那些乐于将自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们,所以B项正确。

4.D　事实细节题。

根据第五段的最后一句...itiswhattodowithallthematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.可知,一个创造者面对的困难是怎样创造性地利用想象力。

所以D项正确。

5.A　主旨大意题。

通读全文可知,作者旨在凸显创造力的重要性,所以A项正确。

【长难句子分析】

世界的发展并非源于那些模仿前人的人（世界的发展并非源于那些做前人做过的事的人）,而是源于那些做自己内心所想的事的人。

注:

关联词not...but连接了两个介词短语bythose;those后各带有一个who引导的定语从句。

【阅读理解】

Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence（智力）intheanimalworld，selfawarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware（意识）ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.

Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage（反射出的影像）.Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans，andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins，havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.

Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorselfreflectiontest.

“Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal，”saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFansB.M.deWaalofEmoryUniversity.Withtheirlargebrains，Reisssaid,elephants“seemedlikecousinstoapesanddolphins.”

TheresearcherstestedHappy.MaxineandPatty,threeelephantsattheBronxZoo.Theyputan8footsquaremirroronawalloftheanimals'playarea（outofthesightofzoovisitors）andrecordedwhathappenedwithcameras,includingonebuiltinthemirror.

Theelephantsusedtheirlongnosestofindwhatwasbehindit，andtoexaminepartsoftheirbodies.

Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest，inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofherface.Shecouldtellthemarkwastherebylookinginthemirror,andsheusedthemirrortotouchthemarkwithherlongnose.

DianaReisssaid，“Weknewelephantswereintelligent,butnowwecantalkabouttheirintelligenceinabetterway.”

文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。

1.Whatcanmirrorteststellusaboutanimals?

A.Whethertheyhavelargebrains.B.Whethertheyhaveselfawareness.

C.Whethertheyenjoyoutdoorexercises.D.Whethertheyenjoyplayingwithmirrors.

答案：

B。

细节理解题。

由文章第二段第一句话“Awarenesscanbetestedby...”可知B项正确。

2.Whydoestheauthormentionapesanddolphinsinthetext?

A.Theyaremostfamiliartoreaders.

B.Theyarebigfavoriteswithzoovisitors.

C.TheyareincludedinthestudybyReiss.

D.Theyarealreadyknowntobeintelligent.

答案：

D。

推理判断题。

由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。

3.WhatmadeHappydifferentfromMaxineandPatty?

A.Sheusedhernosetosearchbehindthemirror.

B.Sherecognizedherownimageinthemirror.

C.Shepaintedamarkonherownface.

D.Shefoundthehiddencamera.

答案：

B。

推理判断题。

由倒数第二段可推出Happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。

阅读理解。

Itisoftennecessarytoreleaseafish,thatis,setitfreeaftercatching,becauseitistoosmall,oryoujustdon’twanttotakeithometoeat.Insomecases,releasingfishisagoodmeasurethatwillhelpkeepfishvarietyandbuildtheirpopulationsize.TheDepartmentofGameandInlandFisheries（DGIF）encouragesfishermenwhopracticecatch-and-releasefishingtouseafewsimpleskillswhendoingso.Theadviceprovidedbelowwillhelpmakesurethatthefishyoureleasewillsurvive（存活）tobiteagainanotherday.

—Whencatchingafish,playitquicklyandkeepthefishinthewaterasmuchaspossible.

 Don’tuseanetinlandingthefishandreleaseitquicklytopreventitfromdying.

—Holdthefishgently.Donotputyourfingersinitseyes.Don’twipethescales（鱼鳞）offthe  fishbecauseitmightcauseittodevelopadiseaseandreduceitschanceofsurvival.

—Removeyourhook（鱼钩）quickly.Ifthehookistoodeeporhookedinthestomach,cutthe  lineandleavethehookin.Thehookleftinsidewillcausenoseriousproblemtothefish.

—Takegoodcareofthefishbymovingitgentlyinwater.Releasethefishwhenitbeginsto  struggleandisabletoswim.

—Donotholdfishinabucketorsomeothercontainersandlaterdecidetoreleaseit.Ifyouare  goingtoreleaseafish,dosorightaway.

Withalittlecareandbyfollowingthesuggestionsgivenabove,youcangivethereleasedfishabetterchanceofsurvival.

1.Peoplesometimessetafishfreeaftercatchingitbecausethey_________

  A.don’twantittodie               B.hopeitwillgrowquickly

  C.don’twanttohaveitasfood        D.wanttopracticetheirfishingskills

2.Whichofthefollowingwillprobablymakeafishill?

 A.Takingthehookoffit.  B.Removingitsscales.

C.Touchingitseves    D.Holdingitinyourhand.

3.Aproperwaytoreleaseafishisto_________.

  A.moveitinwatertillitcanswim         B.takethehookoutofitsstomach

  C.keepitinabucketforsometime        D.letitstrugglealittleinyourhand

4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

  A.Toshowhowtoenjoyfishing.         B.Topersuadepeopletofishlessoften.

  C.Toencouragepeopletosetfishfree.    D.Togiveadviceonhowtoreleasefish.

【参考答案】1—4、C B A D

【阅读理解】------（2020·山东卷）

ArthurMiller（19152020）isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.Miller'sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustriaHungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.However,heexperiencedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearly1930s.

Miller'smostfamousplay,DeathofaSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth.InWillyLoman,theherooftheplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewiththissystem.Willyis“burntout”andinthecruelworldofbusinessthereisnoroomforsentiment:

ifhecan'tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.Willyispainfullyawareofthis,andatalossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.

Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews，anditwontheTonyAwardforBestPlay，theNewYorkDramaCritics'CircleAward,andthePulitzerPrizeforDrama.Itwasthefirstplaytow