高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元综合检测卷新人教版必.docx

高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元综合检测卷新人教版必.docx

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高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元综合检测卷新人教版必

Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

AstronautsaboardthespacestationcelebratedaspacefirstonWednesdaybydrinkingwaterthathadbeenrecycledfromtheirurineandsweatandwaterthatcondensesfromexhaledair.Theysaid“cheers”，clickeddrinkingbagsandtoastedNASAworkersonthegroundwhoweresippingtheirownversionofrecycleddrinkingwater.

TherecyclingsystemisneededforastronautstationsonthemoonandMars.ItalsowillsaveNASAmoneybecauseitwon’thavetoshipupasmuchwatertothestationbyspaceshuttleorcargorockets.Besides，it’simportantasthespacestationisabouttoexpandfromthreepeoplelivingonboardtosix.

TherecyclingsystemhadbeenbroughtuptothespacestationlastNovemberbyspaceshuttleEndeavour，butitcouldn’tbeuseduntilsamplesweretestedbackonEarth.Sowhenitcametimetoactuallydrinkup，NASAmadeabigdealofit.Thethreemencrewstood，holdingtheirdrinksandcongratulatedengineersintwoNASAcentersthatworkedonthesystem.

“Thisissomethingthathadbeenthestuffofsciencefiction，”Barrattsaidbeforetakingasmallmouthful.“Thetasteisworthtrying.”

NASAdeputyspaceshuttlemanagerLeRoyCaincalledit“ahugemilestone”．

Thenewsystemtakesthecombinedurineofthecrewfromthetoilet，movesittoabigtank，wherethewaterisboiledoff，andthevaporiscollected.Therestoftheurineisthrownaway.Thewatervaporismixedwithwaterfromaircondensation，andthenitgoesthroughfilters.Whensixcrewmembersareaboarditcanmakeaboutsixgallonsfromurineinaboutsixhours.

“Somepeoplemayfindtheideaofdrinkingrecycledurinedistasteful，butitisalsodoneonEarthwithalotlongertimebetweenurineandthetap.”saidMarybethEdeen，thespacestation’snationallabmanager.

“ThetechnologyNASAdevelopedforthissystemhasalreadybeenusedforquickwaterpurificationafterthe2004Asiantsunami，”Edeensaid.

“Wearehappytohavethiswaterworkthroughthesystem—we’rehappytohaveitworkthroughoursystems，”Barrattsaid.

1．Accordingtothetext，therecyclingsystemisimportantbecause.

A．itmakestravelingtothemoonforthecommonpersonpossible

B．withitNASAwon’tneedtoshipanywateruptothespacestation

C．itcanhelptomeettheneedformorewaterafterthecrewareexpanded

D．itprotectstheenvironmentinspacebyreducingtheamountofwaste

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“...it’simportantasthespacestationisabouttoexpandfromthreepeoplelivingonboardtosix.”可知C项正确。

2．WhatistheRIGHTtimeorderofthefollowingevents?

a．ThesamplesoftherecycledwaterweretestedonEarth.

b．Astronautscelebratedthespacefirstofmakingwaterfromurine.

c．Therecyclingsystemwasbroughtuptothespacestation.

d．Thetechnologyforthesystemwasusedtoquicklypurifywater.

A．a，d，c，bB．a，c，b，d

C．d，a，c，bD．d，c，a，b

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段的“ThetechnologyNASAdevelopedforthissystemhasalreadybeenusedforquickwaterpurificationafterthe2004Asiantsunami”可知d发生最早；根据第三段的“TherecyclingsystemhadbeenbroughtuptothespacestationlastNovember...couldn’tbeuseduntilsamplesweretestedbackonEarth.”可知c发生在a的前面，因此D项正确。

3．FromParagraph6wecanknow.

A．thetheorybehindtherecyclingsystem

B．theeffectoftherecyclingsystem

C．theprocessoftherecyclingsystem

D．anopinionontherecyclingsystem

答案　C

解析　段落大意题。

该段主要讲述的是使用尿液循环系统将尿制成水的过程。

4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheresearchofNASAhasmadegreatprogress

B．Newtechnologyisusedinthespacestation

C．Drinkup：

spacestationrecyclesurinetowater

D．Goodnews：

waterrecycledfromurinetastesgood

答案　C

解析　标题归纳题。

本文报道了国际空间站的宇航员试饮尿液循环水，“Drinkup”生动反映饮用时的情景，“spacestationrecyclesurinetowater”点明了制造技术。

故C项最佳。

B

Doyouwanttoseetheeffectsofglobalwarming？

Thenheadnorth.WillStegerisgoingtotakeallofusthere.

Steger,64，thefirstpersontomakeadogsledtriptotheNorthPole，isaveryfamousandadmiredpolarexplorer.He’sathomeinfrozenpartsoftheworldwherefewhumanseverstepon.Stegerisalsoadevotedenvironmentalistwhowasearlytoringthealarmbellonglobalwarming.HesawitseffectsfirsthandinfrequentpolarexpeditionstotheArcticandAntarctica.

NowStegerisabouttoleadateamofsixyoungadventurersona1,400mile,60daylongdogsledtripacrossEllesmereIsland，intheCanadianArctic.Theseaiceinthatregionshouldstillbefrozen.“Wewanttotakeouraudiencetothefrontlinesofglobalwarming，”saysSteger.Theteamwillbeuploadingvideos，storiesandphotostothewebsiteglobalwarmingastheymarchalong，allowingarmchairadventurersandkidsinclassroomstofollowtheirprogressdaytoday.“Wecanactuallybringtheaudienceupthere，”Stegersays.

Steger’steamwillincludesomealreadyfamousyoungexplorers.SamBranson，the22yearoldsonofBritishairlinetycoon（大亨）RichardBranson，isanexperiencedArctictraveler.Alsoonthejourneywillbe27yearoldNorwegianSigaridEkran.Lastyear，EkranbecameonlythesecondwomaninhistorytowinRookie（新秀）oftheYearfortheIditarodSledDogRace.

Whattheywillseemaybeverysurprising.EvenStegerdoesn’tknowexactlywhattoexpect.ClimatechangehasalreadyreshapedthegeographyoftheArctic.“Withinadecadeorless，it’sgoingtobeimpossibletoreachtheNorthPolebydogteamwithoutflotation（漂浮），”saysSteger.

“Climatechangeishappening，butpeoplecanchangetoo.TheirwillingnesstochangewilldeterminetheshapeoftheEarth’sfuture.”

5．WhyisStegerabouttoorganizetheadventuretotheArctic?

A．Tocollectevidenceforhisscientificresearch.

B．Todeveloptheyoungpeople’sadventurousspirit.

C．Toletmorepeopleenjoyitsnaturalbeauty.

D．Toletpeoplerealizethebadeffectsofglobalwarming.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。

根据第一段的第一句以及第三段的“Wewanttotakeouraudiencetothefrontlinesofglobalwarming”可以判断Steger是想通过到北极探险，让人们了解全球变暖对北极以及对地球的影响。

6．HowcanpeoplelearnabouttheprogressofSteger’sjourney?

A．Throughradioprograms.

B．BywatchingTV.

C．OntheInternet.

D．Byreadingtheirjournals.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三段的“Theteamwillbeuploadingvideos，storiesandphotostothewebsiteglobalwarmingastheymarchalong，allowingarmchairadventurersandkidsinclassroomstofollowtheirprogressdaytoday.”可知Steger等人会把探险过程中的录像、图片等上传到网站上，人们可以到网站上了解他们的进程。

7．GlobalwarmingwillleadtomanyunexpectedeventsEXCEPTthat.

A．theNorthPoleadventureteamledbyStegerarenotsureaboutwhattheyaregoingtosee

B．itwillbeimpossibletoreachtheNorthPolejustbydogsledsincetheseaicearoundtheNorthPolewillbemelted

C．theanimalslivingintheArcticaregoingtofacegreatdangersbecausetheirlivingenvironmentchanges

D．moreaudiencewillbetakentothefrontlinesofglobalwarmingandreflectontheirbehaviorsandwayoflife

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

从第五段可以直接得出A、B两项是正确的；C项也可以从第五段第三句推断出来：

极地地理环境将改变，这同时也是极地生物的生存环境，它们的生活必将面临危险。

而D项则是极地探险活动希望达成的目的，即引起人类对此问题的关注和对自身行为的反思。

8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheArcticisindanger

B．SleddingthroughtheArctic

C．DiscoveriesoftheArctic

D．Consequencesofglobalwarming

答案　B

解析　标题归纳题。

根据文章内容可知Steger要带六名年轻的探险家利用狗拉的雪橇到北极探险，因此选B项。

C

SongQinglingwasborninShanghaionthe27thofJanuaryin1893intoawelleducatedfamily.In1907，QinglingtraveledtotheUnitedStatesforhereducation；sheandherthreesistersbecamethefirstChinesegirlstobeeducatedintheUS.In1915，shemarriedDr.SunYatsen（孙中山）．Attheageofeighteen，Qinglingbegantofightfortherightsofwomeninhercountryandexpressedherideasoflibertyandequality.Forthenextsevendecades，SongQinglingbecameanactivecharacterandcametobeknownas“theMotherofChina”．

Inherlifetime，shealwayspaidcloseattentiontowomen’sandchildren’swelfare.Shesupervised（监督）studiesonwomanandchildhealthcare，andchildren’seducation.Shewasawardedthe1950InternationalStalinPeacePrize，andshedonatedallthemoneytoprogramspromotingthewelfareofwomenandchildren.

SongQinglingalwaysshowedconcernforSun’sfollowers，overseasChinese，andthefutureofTaiwan.ShehopedthatChinacouldbereunifiedatanearlydate.

InthelongyearsofstruggleintheChineserevolution，SongfirmlystoodbythesideoftheChineseCommunistParty，whoseleaders，MaoZedong，ZhouEnlai，LiuShaoqi，andZhuDe，consideredhertheirclosecomradeinarms.

OnMay29,1981SongQinglingdiedofillnessinBeijing.SongQinglingwasagreatfighterforpatriotism（爱国主义），internationalismandcommunism.ThegreatcontributionsshemadetoChinaandtheChinesepeoplewillnotbeforgotten.

9．What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?

A．SongQinglingandhersisters

B．SongQinglingandSunYatsen

C．Womenarealsogreat

D．AbriefintroductiontoSongQingling

答案　D

解析　标题归纳题。

本文主要对宋庆龄的生平作了简要介绍。

10．WhatistherightorderoftheeventsaboutSongQinglingaccordingtothepassage?

a．traveledtotheUnitedStatesforhereducation

b．marriedSunYatsen

c．begantofightfortherightsofwomen

d．wasawardedtheInternationalStalinPeacePrize

A．a，b，c，dB．a，d，b，c

C．b，a，c，dD．a，c，b，d

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

综合文章第一、二段可知，D项正确。

11．Theunderlinedword“concern”inParagraph3probablymeans“”．

A．careB．worry

C．angerD．surprise

答案　A

解析　词义猜测题。

根据上下文，concern在这里的意思接近于care，意为“关心；关注”。

12．Accordingtothepassage，SongQingling.

A．wasbornintoapoorfamily

B．wasoneofthefirstChinesegirlstobeeducatedintheUK

C．donatedallherprizemoneyforthewelfareofwomenandchildrenin1949

D．diedattheageof88

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句及最后一段第一句可知，宋庆龄去世时88岁，故D项正确。

D

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