中小学资料上海市宝山区届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题无答案.docx

中小学资料上海市宝山区届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题无答案.docx

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中小学资料上海市宝山区届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题无答案

上海市宝山区2018届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题

II.GrammarandVocabulary

WhyMyBestFriendIsaBook

Writingaboutbeliefsishard.Itmakesyoureachdeepintoyoursoulandtrulylookatwhatisthere.Itrequirestimeandeffort,andthenhitsyouinthefaceandsomeoneinthebackgroundsays“Oh,whydidn’tyouthinkofthatbefore?

”Beliefschange,theymatureandgrowjust（21）__________achild.Thebestbeliefsaretheonesthat（22）________（cherish）throughoutalifetime.OnebeliefIcherishaboveallothersisthepowerandenjoymentofreading.

Readingcanbeforfunandthatlearningis（23）_________（easy）whenyou’rehavingfun.Beingabletorelatetothecharacters,imaginetheconflictsinyourhead,andfeelthecharacters’sadness,aswellastheirjoy,isthemostamazingthingaboutreading.Achancetoliveanotherlifeforashorttime,tobeanotherperson,Readinglendsthesoulandmindaplace（24）_________（escape）.Iwouldmuchratherpickupagoodluckthanwatchatelevisionshow.

Readingcanteachus.Whetherit’safantasynovelorahistoricalaccount,youlearnwhenyouread.Itprovidesgrammarand（25）_______（write）languageskills.Readingteachesusaboutemotion.Readinggivesyounewwordsandexpandsyourvocabularybyforcingyoutochallengeyourself.Initsownwayitmakesusfeeltheemotionsofthecharacters.（26）_________________________youread,Ibelieveyouwilllearn,mindandsoul.

Readingcanbringpeopletogether.Icannotcountthenumberofnewfriendsandpeoplethathaveenteredmylifebecauseofbooks.Mystepmother,grandmother,andIallradthesamebooks.（27）________isbetterthanbeingabletosharethetensemoments,nearmisses,andhappyendingswhile（28）________（drink）asteamingcupofcoffeetogetherwithsomeone.Readingallowsyoutoloweryourwallsandletpeopleintoformgenuinechains.Pluspeople（29）________readimpressivebooksareusuallyprettycoolthemselves!

Overtheyearsreadinghasbeenmycompanion.Alwayswithabookinmypurse,Ihaveneverfacedtheworldwithoutabestfriendbymyside.Books（30）________（help）methroughdifficultperiodsandapplaudedmeintimesofcelebration.Booksalwaysmakemesmile.That’sthebiggestreasonIbelieveinreading,becauseitwillmakeyouhappy.

SectionB

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.

A.extent

B.substance

C.normal

D.potentialE.refreshing

F.instructions

G.function

H.caused

I.physical

J.restore

K.mentally

Thediscoverybuildsonearlierfindingsshowedthataclassofgenescalledsplicing（胶接）factorsisprogressivelyswitchedoffasweage.Theresearchteamfoundthatsplicingfactorscanbeswitchedbackonwithchemicals,makingagingcellsnotonlylook____31____younger,butstarttodividelikeyoungcells.

Theresearchersappliedcompoundschemicalsbasedona____32____naturallyfoundinredwine,darkchocolate,redgrapesandblueberries,tocellsinculture.Thechemicals____33____splicingfactors,whichareprogressivelyswitchedoffasweagetobeswitchedbackon.Withinhours,thecellslookedyoungerandstartedtorejuvenate,

behavinglikeyoungcells.

Thediscoveryhasthe___34_____toleadtotherapiesthatcouldhelppeopleagebetter,withoutexperiencingsomeofthedegenerativeeffectsofgettingold.Mostpeoplebytheageof85haveexperiencedsomekindofchronicillness,andaspeoplegetoldertheyaremorepronetostroke,heartdiseaseandcancer.

ProfessorHarriesassaying,“Thisisafirststepintryingtomakepeoplelive

___35_____lifetime,butwithhealthfortheirentirelife.Ourdatasuggeststhatusingchemicalstoswitchbackonthemajorclassofgenesthatareswitchedoffasweagemightprovideameansto____36____tooldcells.”

DrEvaLatorre,ResearchAssociateattheUniversityofExeter,whocarriedouttheexperiments,wassurprisedbythe____37____andrapidityofthechangesinthecells.

“WhenIsawsomeofthecellsintheculturedish___38_____Icouldn’tbelieveit.Theseoldcellswerelookinglikeyoungcells.Itwaslikemagic,”shesaid.“Irepeatedtheexperimentsseveraltimesandineachcasethecellsrejuvenated.Iamveryexcitedbytheimplicationsandpotentialforthisresearch.”

Asweage,ourtissuesaccumulatesenescentcellswhicharealivebutdonotgrowor____39____astheyshould.Theseoldcellslosetheabilitytocorrectlyregulatetheoutputoftheirgenes.Thisisonereasonwhytissuesandorgansbecomesusceptibletodiseaseasweage.Whenactivated,genesmakeamessagethatgivesthe____40____

forthecelltobehaveinacertainway.Mostgenescanmakemorethanonemessage,whichdetermineshowthecellacts.

Splicingfactorsarecrucialinensuringthatgenescanperformtheirfullrangeoffunctions.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

CameronBuckner,assistantprofessorofphilosophyattheUniversityofHouston,arguesinanarticlepublishedinPhilosophyandPhenomenologicalResearchthatawiderangeofanimalspeciesexhibitso-called“executivecontrol”whenitcomestomakingdecisions,_____41___consideringtheirgoalsandwaystosatisfythosegoalsbeforeacting.

Heacknowledgesthatlanguageis____42___forsomeexperiencedformsofhigher-orderthinking,orthinkingaboutthinking.Butsupportedbyareviewofpreviouslypublishedresearch,Buckner_____43____thatawidevarietyofanimals---elephants,chimpanzees（黑猩猩）,ravens（大乌鸦）andlions,amongothers---

______44____reasonabledecision-making.

“Thesedatasuggestthatnotonlydosomeanimalshaveasubjectivetakeonthesuitabilityofthe___45_____theyareevaluatingfortheirgoal,theypossessasubjective,internalsignalregardingtheirconfidenceinthistakecanbeusedtoselectamongdifferentoptions,”hewrote.

Thequestionhasbeen____46____sincethedaysoftheancientphilosophers,aspeopleconsideredwhatmeanstobehumanis.Onewaytoaddressthat,Bucknersaid,isto____47____exactlywhatsetshumansapartfromotheranimals.

Languageremainsakeydifferencebetweenanimalsandhumans,andBucknernotesthatserious____48____inthe1970sand80stoteachanimal’shumanlanguage—teachingchimpanzeestousesignlanguage,___49___----foundthatalthoughtheywereabletoexpresssimpleideas,theydidnotengagein____50___

thoughtandlanguagestructures.

Ancientphilosophersrelieduponunreliable___51___tostudytheissue,buttoday’sresearcherconductcomplicatedcontrolledexperiments.Buckner,workingwithThomasBugnyarandStephanA.Reber,mentalbiologistattheUniversityofVienna,lastyear____52____theresultsofaresultthatdeterminedravensshareatleastsomeofthehumanabilitytothinkabstractlyaboutotherminds,___53____theirbehaviorbyattachingtheirownobservationstoothers.

Inhislatestpaper,Buckneroffersseveralexamplestosupporthis____54____.Hisgoal,Bucknersaid,wastoorganizeexperimentalresearch,“toseethatwe’regatheredenoughevidencetosaythatanimalsreallyare___55_____inauniqueway.”

41.A.secretly

B.unintentionally

C.scarcely

D.consciously

42.A.required

B.qualified

C.acquired

D.prepared

43.A.concerns

B.complains

C.conclude

D.convinces

44.A.turndown

B.engagein

C.referto

D.argueabout

45.A.option

B.scheme

C.regulation

D.random

46.A.dismissed

B.ignored

C.debated

D.answered

47.A.evaluate

B.determine

C.overlook

D.initiate

48.A.results

B.successes

C.achievements

D.attempts

49.A.forexample

B.thisistosay

C.onthecontrary

D.asaresult

50.A.obvious

B.feasible

C.private

D.complex

51.A.mystery

B.tradition

C.evidence

D.fiction

52.A.substituted

B.published

C.reflected

D.maintained

53.A.adapting

B.symbolizing

C.investigating

D.revenging

54.A.agreement

B.implement

C.requirement

D.argument

55.A.passionate

B.reasonable

C.confused

D.ridiculous

SectionA

（A）

Weseethemeverywhere.“Therearesomethingsthatmoneycan’tbuy…foreverythingelse,there’sMasterCard.”Wehearthemeverywhere.“Makeliferewarding…AmericanExpress.”Whetherwatchingtelevision,drivingdownthehighway,orevenappearingonourFacebookpage,theappealofmoneyisinescapable.

Growingup,myparentsalwaysemphasizedtheimportanceoffamilyandfaithovermaterialpossessions.Yet,moneyandallthenew,interestingthingsitcouldbuydidnotescapeme.AsIenteredmyfreshmanyear,mydebitcardandIengagedinquitethedates.Betweengame-daydresses,steakdinnersandwonderfuldowntownAthens,Iquicklydrained17yearsworthofsavings.

Bythetimesummerrolledaround,Ididn’tconsiderhowmuchcashIhadspent,orhowmuchstuffIhadacquired…IwasfocusedonhowmuchmoremoneyIwouldneedfornextfall.WhenIwasn’tworking,Iwascheckingmybankaccount,trytofigureoutifmynextpaycheckwouldcoverthosepillowsthatwouldlooksocuteinmynewapartment.Mybankaccountbalancewasbecomingamajorsourceofstressinmylife,creatingtensionwithmyfinanciallysmartparentsandcausingmeconstantconcern.Finally,afteraveryheatedargumentwithmyDad,Iacceptedthetruth:

Isimplycouldnotaffordmoneyanymore.

IrealizedthatIwasmuchhappier（andIsensedmybloodpressurewasmuchlower）whenmoneywasjustsomethinginthebank.Whiletheclothesareprettyandthosepillowsarecomfy,theylosttheirappealrightar