19种英语常用句型结构.docx
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19种英语常用句型结构
19种英语常用句型结构
初学英语的人常常感到在掌握一些英语单词和基本语法后，在英语说和写方面还是很难表达自己，其中一个原因是没有掌握一些英语句型，只有掌握了一些句型才能比较正确、完整地表达自己。
下面是一些常用的句型及其例句。
1.否定句型
2.判断句型
3.祝愿祈使句式
4.感叹句型
5.疑问句型
6.数词句型
7.关联指代句型
8.比较句型
9.比喻类句型
10.条件假设句
11.时间句型
12.地点句型
13.原因句型
14.目的句型
15.结果句型
16.程度句型
17.让步句型
18.转折句型
19.省略句
1.否定句型
1）一般否定句
Idon'tknowthis.Nonewsisgoodnews.
Thereisnoperson/notaperson/notanypersoninthehouse.
2）特指否定
Hewenttohisoffice,nottoseehimwhatcanIdoforyou?
howmanyEnglishsongshadyoulendbytheendoflastterm?
four.
Iamsorryfornotcomingontime.
Idon'tthink/believe/suppose/feel/imagineyouareright.
3）部分否定
Idon'tknowallofthem.
Ican'tseeeverybody/everything.
Alltheanswersarenotright.（并非所有答案都对。
）
Allisnotgoldthatglitters.（闪光的不一定都是金子。
）
Bothofthemarenotright.（并非两人都对。
）
4）全体否定
Noneofmyfriendssmoke.
Icanseenothing/nobody.
Nothingcanbesosimpleasthis.
Neitherofthemisright.
5）延续否定
Youdidn'tseehim,neither/nordidI.
Youdon'tknow,Idon'tknoweither.
Hedoesn'tknowEnglish,letalone/tosaynothingof/nottospeakofFrench.
6）半否定句
Weseldom/hardly/scarcely/barelyhearsuchfinesinging.
IknowlittleEnglish.
Isawfewpeople.
7）双重否定
Youcan'tmakesomethingoutofnothing.
What'sdonecannotbeundone.
Thereisnosweetwithoutsweat.
Nogainwithoutpains.
Ican'thelp/keep/laughingwheneverIhearit.
Nomanissooldbut（that）hecanlearn.
8）排除否定
Everyoneisreadyexceptyou.
Hedidnothingbutplay.
Butforyourhelp,Icouldn'tdoit.
9）加强否定
Iwon'tdoitatall.
Ican'tseeitanymore.
Heisnolongeraboy.
2.判断句型
1）一般判断句
ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.
Itiskindofyoutohelpme.
Sinceremeanshonest.
Theboyiscalled/namedTom.
Weregarded/considereditasanhonor.
2）强调判断
ItisEnglishthatweshouldlearn.
Itishewhohelpedmealot.
3）弱式判断
Yoursentencedoesn'tsound/look/appear/feelright.
Youlook/seemasif/asthoughtyouhadbeentherebefore.
Maybe/Perhaps/sheisill.
Heisprobablyill.
Heislikelyill.
Itispossiblethatheislate
4）正反判断
Thatsoundsallright,butinfactitisnot.
5）互斥判断
Heoryouarewrong.
EitherheisrightorIam.
6）注释判断
Heisawalkingdictionary,thatis（tosay）,hecanremembermanyEnglishwords.
7）比较判断
Itismoreapicturethanapoem.
Incompleteknowledgeofstyleisworsethanuseless.
3.祝愿祈使句式
1）一般句式
Studyhardandkeepfit.
Bebrave!
Don'tbeshy!
Getoutofhere.
2）强语式
Dotellme.
Nevertellalie.
3）委婉祈使句
Pleasetellmethetrue.
Would/Will/Won'tdomeafavor?
Would/Doyoumindmysmoking?
What/How/aboutgoingthereonfoot?
4）建议祈使句
Letusgo.Letusknowthetime.
Don'tletthefireout.
Let'snotwastethetime.
You'dbetterstartearly.
Shallwelistentosomemusic?
Whydon'tyougetsomethingtodrink?
Isuggestwe（should）takethetrain.
Suppose/supposingyoupickmeupataboutsix?
5）祝愿句
Successtoyou!
Wishyouagoodjourney.
Here'stoyoursuccess!
Mayyouhaveahappymarriage.
Allowmetoproposeatoasttoourfriendship!
4.感叹句型
Howwellhespeaks!
Howkindsheis!
Whatniceweatheritis!
Whatabeautifulday!
Herehecomes!
Suchislife!
Wonderful!
Help!
（救命啊！
）
5.疑问句型
1）一般疑问句
Isheadoctor?
Doyouthewaytothestation?
2）反意疑问句
Heisateacher,isn'the?
Itisquitecheap,don'tyouthink?
3）特殊疑问句
Whatisthedistance/width/size/population/temperature/fare?
Whoishe?
Whatishe?
（他是干什么工作的？
）
Whatishelike?
How/Whereishe?
Howdoyoulikehim?
Whatdoyouthinkofhim?
Whateverdoyoumeanbysayingthis?
4）选择疑问句
Isheadoctororanurse?
Doyouloveitornot?
5）间接疑问句
Doyouknowhowoldheis?
Tellmeif（whether）youlikeit.
Whatdoyouthink/say/supposeIshoulddo?
6.数词句型
1）表数目
Itisexactlyteno'clock.
Itisfivemilesawayfromhere.
Heismorethan/over/atleastnotlessthan20.
Heisunder/atmost/nomorethan20.
2）表年月日
HewasbornonApril22,1994/in1994/onthemorningofOctober1.
3）表年龄
Heis20yearsold.=Heis20yearsofage.
Heisattheageof10.
4）表倍数
Itisfourtimesthatoflastyears.
Thisisfourtimesasbig（again）asthatone.
Thisisfourtimesbiggerthanthatone.
Theincomeisdoublewhatitwas.
Theoutputofcoalwas200%greaterthanin1998.
5）表计量
Itis10meterslong/wide/high.
Itcostsme100yuan./Itisworth100yuan.
Ispent10hourstofinishit.
Ittookme10daystofinishit.
7.关联指代句型
1）两项关联
Ihavetwobooks,oneisChinese;theotherEnglish.
Ihavefivebooks,oneisChinese;theothersEnglish.
Tosayisonething,but/and/todoisanother.
Onetheonehand,Iamyourteacher,andontheotherhand,Iamalsoyoufriend.
Someliketoplayfootball,othersarefondofbasketball.
2）先后顺序
First/firstly,Iwishgoodhealth,second/secondlysuccessinyourstudy,third/thirdlygoodluckineverything.
Firststop,thenlook,finallycross.
Atfirst/inthebeginning/hewordhard.Later/Afterwardsheisnotsodiligent.
3）修饰限制
ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.（不是同一本书，但书名、内容等相同）
ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesterday.（同一本书）
Don'ttrustsuchamanasoverpraiseyou.He/One/Those/Theywhoshouldcomefailedtoappear.
Aman/Aperson/Theone/Anyone/Peoplewhosawherlikedherverymuch.
Theday/time/momentwillcomewhenChinaisstrongestintheworld.
4）两项连接
HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.
Thebookisbothinterestingandinstructive.
Itisneithercoldnorhot.
Pleaseeithercomeinorgoout.
Theoldworkerhasexperienceandknowledgeaswell.
5）加和关系
Besidesliterature,wehavegrammarandwriting.
Apartfromoxygen,therearesomeothergasesintheair.
Inadditionto'if',therearemanyotherconjunctionsthatcanintroduceconditionalclauses.
Imustgonow,incidentally,ifyouwantthatbook.
Youseemtoliketea,sodoI.
8.比较句型
1）等比句
HeisastallasI.
HeisthesameheightasI.
Sheisnolessdiligentthanhe.
Thelabisnobetterthanacottage.
2）差比句
IspeakEnglishworsethanhedoes./Heisnotso/astallasIam.
Ourknowledgeismuchinferiortotheir.
3）极比句
Heisthetallestofallintheclass.
None/Noone/issoblindasthosethatwon'tsee.
Nothingissoeasyasthis.
4）比例句
Themoreamanknows,themorehefeelshisignorance.
5）择比句
Heistallerthananyotherboyintheclass.
Itisbetterlatethannever.
Theywoulddiethanliveasslaves.
Heprefersdoingtotalking.
Hepreferstodoratherthantotalk.
HeprefersmathematicstoEnglish.
I'dratherstayhere.
6）对比句
Youthinkmeidle,butonthecontrary,Iambusy.
Theyareworkinghardwhileyouarewastingyourtime.
9.比喻类句型
Wemustworklikehim.
Hebehavesashisfatherdoes.
HespeaksEnglishasif/asthoughhewasaforeigner.
10.条件假设句
1）一般事实
Ifwesucceed,whatwillthepeoplesay?
Supposeitrains,whatshallwedo?
Persevereandyou'llsucceed.
2）虚拟条件句
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.
Ifyouhadseenit,youwouldhavebeenmoved.
3）反条件句
Unlessyoutry,you'llneversucceed.
Don'tmove,or/else/otherwiseI'llshot.
4）唯一条件句
IfonlyIhaveanotherchance,Ishalldobetter.
OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.
So/Aslongaswedon'tloseheart,we'llsucceed.
5）推论条件句
Sincethatisso,thereisnomoretosay.
Nowthatyouaregrownup,youmuststopthisbehavior.
11.时间句型
1）一般时
WhenIseehim,I'lltellhim.
2）同一时间
You'llgrowwiserasyougrowolder.
Workwhileyouwork,playwhileyouplay.
Heworked,atthesame/inthemeantimehelistenedtothemusic.
3）限制时
Every/eachtimewhenIwenttohishouse,hewasout.
Bythetimethatwegotthere,hewasout.
4）交替时
Sometimeshesings,sometimeshedances.
Atonetimethebabycries,atanotherittalks.
5）先时
Istoppedhimbeforehebegantotalkwithme.
6）后时
I'lltellyouafterIfinishit.
7）紧接时
AssoonasIseehim,I'lltellhim.
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.
The（very）moment/instant（that）Isawhim,Irecognizedhim.
Onhearingthenews,shebustintotears.
HardlyhadIseenthelight,whenIheardaloudthundering.
8）延续时
Ihaven'tseenhimsinceIcamehere.
Afriendisneverknowntill/untilamanhasneed.
12.地点句型
1）一般地点
Wherehaveyoubeen?
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
2）方位
GuangdongliesinthesouthofChina.
Japanis/liestotheeastofChina.
Thehousefaces（to）thesouth.
Heissittingatthefrontoftheclassroom
Heisstandinginfrontof/beforeme.
Heissittingatthebackof/behindme.
Heissittinginthebackof/attherearoftheclassroom.
Heissittingnextto/besidesme.
Heissittingcloseto/nearme.
Atthetopof/Ontopoftheshelf,therearesomebooks.
Heissittingontheleft/right.
ThemountainyouseetotherightistheRedMountain.
13.原因句型
Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.
Sinceweareallhere,let'sbeginourmeeting.
Itmightrainyesterday,forthegroundwaswet.
Now（that）wehavefinishedthework,wecangohome.
Iamgladtomeetyou./IamsorrythatIhearthat.
Thankyouforyourhelp.
Thatiswhyhefailedtocome.
Hedidn'tcomebecauseof/onaccountoftheweather.
Hewentoutofcuriosity./Isucceededthankstohishelp.
Thisfailureisduetothefacttheylackexperience.
Owingtoourjointefforts,thetaskwasfulfilled.
WhatareyoulearningEnglishfor?
Forwhatreasondidyouchoosethis?
What'sthepointofaskinghistodothat?
Howcomeyounevertoldmeaboutit?
Whatwiththewindandwhatwiththerain,ourwalkwasspoiled.
14.目的句型
Hestoppedasidesothatshecouldgoin.
Hesitsinthefrontinorderthathecanseewordsclearly.
Hegetsupearlysoasto/inordertohavetimeto
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