Analysis of Emilys tragedy in A Rose for Emily from feminism.docx

Analysis of Emilys tragedy in A Rose for Emily from feminism.docx

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AnalysisofEmilystragedyinARoseforEmilyfromfeminism

AnalysisofEmily'stragedyinARoseforEmilyfromfeminism

从女性主义角度解读献给《艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧

摘要

《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》福克纳的短篇代表作,许多学者从多个不同角度对该作品进行了分析研究，但从女性主义视角解读的论文和作品较少，本论文以女性主义出发，以美国战后的社会变迁为背景，分析了没落贵族代表，分析了艾米丽悲剧形成原因，论文共分为五部分，第一部分引言分析本选题的背景及意义；第二部分对女性主义进行解读，介绍其来源、内涵以及三个发展阶段；第三部分介绍作者及作品主要内容；第四部分从女性主义视角对作品进行深层解读，从社会和人物自身方面详细阐述了艾米丽悲剧成因，第五部分对文章进行总结，综合论文内容进行启发性思考与学习，深化对女性主义认知及女性平等地位理解，联系实际并展望未来。

关键词：

《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》；女性主义；福克纳；男权制；悲剧

Abstract

AroseforEmilyisamasterpieceofFaulkner'sshortstoriesandisofgreatsignificanceforresearching,analyzedbymanyscholarsfromdifferentangles,buttheresearchfromafeministperspectiveisnotmuch,thisessaystartwithfeminismandtaketheUnitedStatesafterthewarofthesocialvicissitudeasthebackgroundtoanalysizethecausesofEmily'stragiclifewhorepresentsthedecliningaristocracyandthesoutherntradition,reflectingthesocialphenomenaandcharacteristicsofAmericaatthattime,Itcanbedividedintofiveparts,thefirstpartintroducesthebackgroundandsignificanceofthetopic,thesecondpartistohaveaninterpretationoffeminismbyintroducingitsorigin,definitionandthreedevelopingstages,thethirdpartintroducestheauthorandthemaincontentofthenovel;theforthparttakesadeepinterpretationfromfeministperspectiveandanalysizethecausesofEmily'stragiclifefromacombinationofthesocietyandthecharacterherself;andthelastpartmadeaconclusionanddeepentheunderstandingoffemaleawarenessandequalstatus.

KeyWords:

ARoseforEmily;Feminism;Faulkner;male-dominatedsystem;tragedy

Contents

Introduction1

1Inrtoductionoffeminism2

1.1Originanddefinitionoffeminisn3

1.2Developmentoffiminism4

2WilliamFaulknerandARoseforEmily5

2.1WilliamFaulkner5

2.2ARoseforEmily5

3CausesofEmily'stragiclifefromfeminismperspective7

3.1Inequalityofwomen'ssocialstatueinthemale-dominatedsociety8

3.1.1Oppressionunderpuritanism9

3.1.2PatriarchalcontrolfromParents9

3.1.3Unequalconceptoflovebetweenmenandwomen10

3.1.4Misunderstandingfromtownresidents11

3.2LimitationsofEmily'sidentityandcharacter11

3.2.1Classpresssure11

3.2.2Dualcharacter---distortedcombinationofconservativethoughtandrebelliousspirit12

Conclusion16

Bibliography17

Acknowledgement18

Introduction

Manywesternwritersconcernabouttheinequalityoffemaleandcontributealottofeminismdevelopmentthroughtheirworksandmovements.InhermasterpieceDefendingforwomen'srights,MaryWollstonecraftpointsoutthatwomenarenotinherentlyinferiortomen,itwillonlyrevealwhentheylackenougheducation,Shebelievesthatmenandwomenhavethesamemoralstandardsandadvocatedatherationalandequaleducationbetweenmenandwomen.（MaryWollstonecraft,1792）SimonDebeauvoirsuggeststhat"womenareformed"inThesecondsex,latermakingimportantinfluencetothewholeworldfromtheaspectsofconceptsandmethods.（SimonDEbeauvoir,1949）InAroomofmyown,Woolfpointsoutthatwomenwillgaincreativefreedomandlibertywiththeeconomicindependence.（VirginiaWoolf,1989:

43）,EngelsintheworkAnthologyofMarxandEngels,saying:

"thedegreeofwomen'sliberationisanaturalmeasureforuniversalliberationinanysociety."（Marx,Engels,1995:

1995）,Later,KateMillerlaunchedimportantworkSexpoliticsinthe70s,revealingmalecontrolinpatriarchysocietymainlyfromfemaleimageandpointingoutthatwomenhavetocrushpatriarchalsocialstructuretofurtherfeminismdevelopment.（KateMiller,1970）

Indomestic,LiuHuiyingdescribesfemale'sattachmenttomen,criticizedpatriarchalandadvocatestherespectforfemaleconsciousness.（LiuHuiying,1996:

57）MengYue,DaiJinhua'shistoricworkCametotheEarth'sSurfaceisthefirstsystematicmonographresearchingChinesemodernfemaleliteraturethroughfeminism.Theypointoutthatsincethematriarchalsocietyreplacepatriarchalsociety,themale-dominatedsocietyimplementandoppressfemalewithmandatorymeasuressuchaspolitical,economicandethicalvalueandpressintothebottomsociety.Itdeeplyanalysizesthesocialbackgroundoffemalecharacteristics,andhasabroadinfluenceonfeminismdevelopment.（MengYue,DaiJinhua,2004）.Dongmeizhen,bycomparingfeministscienceofdifferentschools,shecriticizesthetraditionalscienceandputforwardanewideaof"feministscience".（dongmeizhen,2010）Basedonthepreviousresearch,feminismhasmadegreatprogressandachievementsafteralong-termdevelopment,butstillthereexisttragicissuesrequiringtobepromotedwiththerightandequalityinthesocialstatus.

1.Introductionoffeminism

1.1.Originanddefinitionoffeminism

Feminismoriginatedfromthewest,whichisinterpretedasasocialtheoryandpoliticalmovementpredominantlycomingfromfemaleexperience.thewordfeminismwhichmeanswomen'sliberationoriginatedinFrance,thencrossedtotheBritainandtheUnitedStates,gettingpopulargradually.Inthewest,itoriginallyreferedtotheequalpursuitbetweenmenandwomenandthefirstthingwastofightforrighttovote.Westernwomenmostlyhadtheequalpoliticalrightsduringthe20thcentury,butnotequalwithmeninthesociallifewiththetraditionalviewsexisted.Feministsbegantorealizethatthereexistissuesofgenderpower,subsequentlythefeminismmovementemphasizedmoreongenderanalysis.Feminismisacombinationoftheoryandpractice,aequalideologyandbeliefbetweenmenandwomen,aimingatfightagainstalltheinequalityincludinggenderdiscrimination.

TheconceptoffeminisminLongmandictionaryisthebeliefthatwomenshouldhaveequalpolitical,social,sexual,intellectualandeconomicrightstomen.Itinvolvesvariousmovements,theoriesandphilosophies,allconcernedwithissuesofgenderdifference,advocatingequalityforwomenandcampaigningforwomen'srightsandinterests.

1.2.Developmentoffeminism

Feminismcanbedividedintothefollowingthreewaves.

Thefirstwavereferstothefeminismmovementfromthe18thcenturytotheearly20thcenturies,mainlydealingwiththewomen'ssuffrageoriginatedfromBourgeoisrevolutioninFranceandtheenlightenment.

Thesecondwave（fromthebeginningofthe20thcenturytothe1960s）isthemostimportantstageoffeminisminthewest.Feministsfoundthatwhilewomenfightforequalityinthefieldofpoliticalandeconomicandhadmadeobviousachievement,theunequalpositionofwomeninsociallifehadnotbeenfundamentallyimproved.Itcanbedivededintothreeschools.

Thethirdwavereferstopostmodernfeminism.Whenfacingserioussocialconsequencescausedby"sexualliberation",feministsbegintorethink.Ononeside,theyaffirmedtheachievementsofthefeministmovement,protectingwomen'ssocialrightsandinterests,whileontheothersidethefeministstrytooverturnthetraditionalfamilymode.

2.WilliamFaulknerandARoseforEmily

2.1WilliamFaulkner

WilliamFaulknerisaveryfamouswriterinthe20thcenturyAmericanliterature,amajorfigureinthecontemporaryAmericanliteratureandisconsideredasoneofthemostimportantwritersofthesouthernliteratureintheUnitedStates.HewaswasborninAlbany,MississippionSeptember25,1897,whenhewasfourorfiveyearsold,hisfamilymovedtoOxford,Mississippi,wherehelivedfortherestofhislife.Hewrote19novelsandmorethan100shortstoriesinhislife,andlargelyduringmostfamousforthenovelthesoundandthefury,whichmadehimwintheNobelprizein1949.Inadditiontothis,hisshortstoriesdrawtheattentionofthecriticswithtimepassingby,andheisgoodatdescribingthelocalconditionsandcustomsofthesouthernUnitedStates.Inhisworks,Faulknerexpresseshisunderstandingandawarenessoftheworldwithintricate,unduplicatenarrativemethods.Withitsuniquenarrativestyleandprofoundtheme,hisshortnovelgreatlyimpactonthereader'smind,establishinghisimportantpositionintheworldliterature.Guerinsaid:

"Feministliterarycriticstrytoexplainhowpowerimbalancesduetogenderinagivenculturearereflectedinorchallengedbyliterarytexts.（Guerin,1965,196）Asarepresentativeofsouthernwriter,WilliamFaulknertakeshishometownLafitteastheprototypeandinvents"yoknapatawphacounty",Hisnovel,withitsdistinctivetheme,theboldinnovativewritingstyleandsuperbwritingskills,makeanincisiveandvividportraytothedeclineofthesouthernhistoryandtragedyfate.Hecreatesanddepictesdifferentfemalecharactersresistingoppressionandcruelityfromthesocialworld,reflectingthesocialrealityintheSouthduringtheperiodofAmericanCivilWar.

2.2.ARoseforEmily

AroseforEmilyisashortstorywrittenbyWilliamFaulker,firstpublishedintheApril30,1931issueofForum,takingplaceinFaulker'sfictionalcity---JeffersonMississippiinthefictionalcountyofyoknapatawpha.ItisthefirstshortstorypublishedinannationalmagazinewhichcentersonafemaleimageandtellsusthestorythatMissEmily,whowasborninanaristocraticfamilywasbloomedandfadedwithherlove.Withstricttutor,EmilyfellinlovewithBarron,aYankeeyoungmanwhocametotowntodotemporaryworkofoverseeingtheproject.Rakish,impetuousandshallowashewere,hecouldnotpromiseEmilyastablemarriagelife.WhenEmilywentintoapharmacytobuyarsenic,residentsinthetownspeculatethatshewasgoingtosuicide,laterBarronwasmissingandnooneeversawhimagain.AfterthedeathofEmily'sfatherwhowasarbitraryandhigh-handed,shebegantoliveinseclusionwiththedoorclosedtigh