手足口Hand foot mouth.docx
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手足口Handfootmouth
手足口(Handfootmouth)
Recognizinghandfootmouthdisease
Hand,footandmouthdisease(HFMD)isacommondiseaseininfantsandchildren.Characterizedbyfever,mouthulcers,andherpes.Theinitialsymptomsoffever,lossofappetite,andoftenaccompaniedbysorethroatdiscomfort.1-2daysafterfeveroralulcer,beganasasmallredandthenoftenbecomeulcersherpes.Oralherpesiscommoninthetongue,gums,andbuccalmucosa.1-2daysaftervisibleskinrash,someherpes,rashdoesnotitch,commoninthepalmofyourhandandfoot,alsofoundinthebuttocks.
Symptomsofhand,footandmouthdisease
1,acuteonset,fever;
2,theoralmucosaappearedscatteredinherpes,grainsize,painobvious;
3,palmsorsolesofthefeetappearinthesizeofthesizeofherpes,hiporkneemayevenbeinvolved;
4.Thereisaninflammatoryblusharoundthebleb.Thereislessfluidintheblister;
5,somepatientsmaybeaccompaniedbycough,runnynose,lossofappetite,nausea,vomiting,headache
Ishand,footandmouthdiseaseserious?
Usuallynotserious.Almostallpatientsrecoverwithouttreatment.HFMDusuallyhealin7-10days.Complicationsareuncommon.Veryfewpatientscandevelopasepticorviralmeningitiswithsymptomsoffever,headache,straightneckorbackpain,whichrequirehospitalizationforaperiodoftime.
Whatkindofpeoplearesusceptibletohand,footandmouthdisease?
Thepopulationwasgenerallysusceptibletohand,footandmouthdiseasevirus,andallagegroupscouldbeinfected.However,thediseasepreventionpracticeshowedthatthepatientsweremainlypreschoolchildren,especiallythoseunder3yearsofage.
incubationperiod
Theincubationperiodofthediseaseis2~7days,andthesourceofinfectionconsistsofpatientsandthosewithlatentinfection.Duringtheepidemic,patientswerethemainsourceofinfection.Intheacutephaseofthedisease,thepatientcanexcretethevirusfromthepharynx;thereisalargeamountofvirusintheherpesfluid,andthevirusoverflowsduringthebreak;thepatientcanstillexcretethevirusfromthestoolseveralweeksafterthedisease.
Sourceofinfection
Hand,footandmouthdiseaseisthesourceofinfectionpatientsandhiddeninfection.Duringtheepidemic,patientsarethemainsourceofinfection.Thepatientdischargesthevirusfromthepharynx1~2weeksaftertheonsetofthedisease,andthevirusisexpelledfromthestoolforabout3~5weeks.Alargenumberofvirusesarepresentintheherpesfluidandthevirusoverflowswhenthevirusbreaks.Drugusersandlightemittingcasesarethemainsourcesofepidemicintermittentandepidemic.
Communicationmode
Thediseaseistransmittedinavarietyofways,mainlythroughclosecontactamongpeople.Theviruscausedbysaliva,herpesfluid,fecescontaminatedhands,towels,handkerchiefs,toothcups,toys,utensils,milkandbedding,underwearandotherindirectcontacttransmission;throatsecretionandsalivainpatientswiththeviruscanbetransmittedbydroplets;suchascontactbytheviruspollutionofwater,waterorinfection;thecliniccrossinfectionandpoorinstrumentdisinfectionisalsooneofthereasonsforthespreadof.
Susceptiblepopulation
Thepopulationisgenerallysusceptibletoenteroviruscausinghandfootandmouthdisease,andimmunityisacquiredafterinfection.Duetothedifferentdiseaseafterinfectionantibodyprototypedon'tlackofcrossprotection,therefore,peoplecanberepeatedlyinfectedadultshavemostlybeeninfectedbyarecessiveantibodies,therefore,patientswithHFMDmainlyforpreschoolchildren,especiallyinlessthan3yearoldagegrouphadthehighestincidence.Accordingtoforeignreports,itispopularevery2~3yearsinthepopulation.
Clinicalmanifestations:
hand,footandmouthdiseaseisaenterovirusdisease,incubationperiodisgenerally3-7days,thereisnoobviousprecursorsymptoms:
mostpatientssuddenlyonset.Themaininvasionofhand,foot,mouth,buttocks,fourparts;clinicalmorepainless,noitching,noscab,noscarringofthefournoncharacteristics.Earlymayhavemildflusymptoms.Becauseoralulcerpain,childrenwithsalivationantifeedant.Oralmucosarashappearedrelativelyearly,initiallyasmiliarymaculopapularrashorblisters,surroundedbyflush,mainlylocatedinthetongueandcheeks,lipssidealsooccurs.Hand,footanddistalpartsappearorflatorconvexclasspapulesorherpesrash,noitching,rashin5daysfromredtodark,thensubsided;herpeswereroundorovalflatconvex,withlongdiameterandturbidliquid,stickstotheagreement,suchassoybeansofvaryingsize,generallynothepainanditching,leavingnotraceafterhealing.
Hand,footandmouthlesionsinthesamepatientmaynotallappear.Blistersandrashesusuallysubsidewithinaweek.
Six.Whatarethecomplicationscausedbyhand,footandmouthdisease?
Hand,footandmouthdiseaseismanifestedintheskinandmouth,buttheviruscaninvadetheheart,brain,kidneyandotherimportantorgans.Whenthediseaseisprevalent,itisnecessarytostrengthentheclinicalmonitoringofthepatient.Ifthereisahighfeverandunknownwhitebloodcells,otherinfectiouslesionscannotbefound.Weshouldbealerttotheoutbreakoffulminantmyocarditis.Withasepticmeningitis,thesymptomshaveafever,headache,vomiting,stiffneck,easyirritability,sleepisnotstable;thebodycanoccasionallynonspecificredpapules,evenspottingpoint.Peoplewithcentralnervoussystemsymptomsaremorecommoninchildrenunder2yearsofage.
Ifthereisnocomplication,footandmouthdiseaseinchildreninmostweekscanbecured.Treatmentprincipleismainlysymptomatictreatment,undertheguidanceofdoctorstakingvitaminB2,Candantiviraldrugs.Inaddition,hand,footandmouthdiseasecanbecombinedwithmyocarditis,encephalitis,meningitisandotherdiseases,shouldbereviewedinatimelymanner.
1、disinfectionandisolation
Onceinfectedwithhand,footandmouthdisease,thebabyshouldbeintimeformedicaltreatment,toavoidcontactwiththeoutsideworld,generallyneedtoisolate2weeks.
Babyuseditemsshouldbethoroughlydisinfected:
canbesoakedwithchlorinedisinfectant,notsoakeditemscanbeplacedinthesunexposure.
Thebaby'sroomshouldberegularlyventilatedwindows,tokeeptheairfreshandincirculation,thetemperatureappropriate.Conditionedfamiliesuselacticacidfumigationtodisinfecttheaireveryday.Reducethenumberofpersonnelinandoutofthebaby'sroom,prohibitsmoking,preventairpollution,andavoidsecondaryinfection.
2,dietnutrition
Ifyougetsickinthesummer,thebabyislikelytocausedehydrationandelectrolytedisorders,youneedproperwaterandnutrition.
BaoBaoyiisinbedfor1weeksanddrinkplentyofwarmwater.
Childrenduetofever,oralherpes,poorappetite,reluctanttoeat.Shouldbegiventothebabytoeatlight,warm,delicious,easytodigest,softliquidorsemifluid,fastingcold,spicy,saltyandotherpungentfood.
3、oralcare
BecausethebabyoralpainandAntifeedant,salivation,cryingsleepless,tokeepthebabycleanmouth,beforeandaftermealswithsalinegargle,gargleofbabycanusecottonswabdippedinsalinegentlycleanthemouth.
VitaminBcanbedirectlyappliedtojralpowder2parts,coatedorCodLiverOil,alsooralvitaminB2,vitaminC,supplementedbyultrasonicatomizinginhalation,torelievepain,promotehealingoferosion,preventionofsecondarybacterialinfection.
4,skinrashnursing
Babyclothes,beddingtoclean,clothingtobecomfortable,soft,oftenreplaced.
Cutyourbaby'snailsandwrapthebaby'shandswhennecessarytopreventscratching.
Ababywitharashatthebuttocksshouldcleanuphisstoolatanytimeandkeephishipscleananddry.
HandandfootrashearlycanbecoatedwithCalamineLotion,toformherpesorherpesulcerationcanbecoatedwith0.5%iodophor.
Keepyourskincleanandpreventinfection.
Childrenwithhand,footandmouthdiseasearegenerallylowormoderatefever,withoutspecialtreatment,canletthebabydrinkplentyofwater.
Bodytemperaturebetween37.5degreesto38.5degreesbetweenthebaby,togiveheat,drinkplentyofwarmwater,warmwaterbath,andotherphysicalcooling.
Tosummarizetheclinicalcharacteristics,treatmentandprognosisofseverehandfootmouthdisease(HFMD)complicatedwithencephalitis.Methodsatotalof362patientswithHFMD,including9caseswithencephalitis,wereanalyzed.Theclinicalmanifestations,treatmentprotocolsandclinicaloutcomeswereanalyzed.Resultsearlytreatmentwithdehydration,hormone,intravenousimmunoglobulinandsoon,allthechildrenwerecured,andtherewasnosequelaofthenervoussystem.ConclusionthecasesofsevereHFMDwithencephalitisareprogressingrapidly,andtheearlyclinicalmanifestationsaremoreinsidious.Ifthediseasecanbedetectedearlyandintervenedintime,theprognosiswillbegood.
[keyword]handfootmouthdisease;encephalitistreatment
Footandmouthdisease(HFMD)isacommoninfectiousdiseasecausedbyavarietyofintestinalvirus,toinfantgoodhair,themajorityofchildrenwithfever,hand,foot,mouthandotherpartsoftherashorherpesasthemainperformance,afewcasescomplicatedbyencephalitis,myocarditis,pulmonaryedema,etc..Individualcasesofsevereillness,rapidprogress,pronetodeath.CausedbyenterovirusHFMDincludingnewenterovirusEV71,CoxsackievirusACoxA16,ECHOvirusetc..TheproportionofseverecasescausedbythenewenterovirusEV71infectionishigh,andEV71infectionisdifferentfromCoxA16infection.Itischaracterizedbyahighproportionofneurologicalcomplications.Theclinical