学年高中英语新教材情境化新题人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新教师版.docx

学年高中英语新教材情境化新题人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新教师版.docx

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学年高中英语新教材情境化新题人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新教师版

2021-2022学年高中英语新教材情境化新题

人与社会-----科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全

满分：

80时间：

90分钟姓名__________得分__________________

阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）

A（2021·焦作市教育局高三开学考试）

ROBOTICSACADEMY

Ages12—14·Grades7—9

Theacademy-levelroboticsprogramtakesittothenextlevelforthenextgenerationofengineers,designersandgearheadswithreal-worldapplicationsofscience,technology,engineeringandmath.Hands-onsessionsinrobotchassisdesignandbuildingalgorithms,remote-controldesignandoperation,andaerialdroneoperationsmakeforanexcitingadventure.Traineesfocusonteamworkastheylearnwhatit’sliketoengineeranddesignrobotsonland,intheairandunderwaterwithstate-of-the-artmaterials.Theweekculminates（达到高潮）withtraineescompetingtocompletetasksonaChallengeTableusingrobotstheyspenttheweekbuilding,programmingandtesting.

Activities

·Programrobotstointeract（互动）withtheworldusingavarietyofsensorsandmotors

·Learnwithhands-onsessionsinremote-controldesignandoperationandaerialoperations

·MastermanagingwirelesssignalsinordertocontrolandpilotrobotsontheChallengeTable

·Choosefromlessonsasyoulike,suchasbuildingroboticattachments,programmingwithsensorsanddatafunctions,orusingHumanInterfaceDevices

·Usethebinarynumbersystemandbasiclogicfunctionstounderstandhowmachines“think”

·Design,buildandpilotunderwaterrobotsusingtheSeaPerchROVsystem

·Trainincutting-edge,custom-designedUnmannedAerialSystemstrainingsimulationVAMPIREProandflyquadcopters

FastFacts

Fororientationtimes,visit.

·Arrivalwindow:

Sunday1:

30p.m.—3:

30p.m.（CT）

·Graduation:

Friday9a.m.—10a.m.

·Price:

$999.（Includesa$50registrationfeethatcannotbereturnedandtuitionfeesthatcanbefullyrefunded（退款）atrequestbeforethesessionstarts.）10%offeachadditionalsession.

·Campprogramsareavailableduringsummermonthsandselectweeksthroughouttheremainderoftheyear.Searchfordetailsandschedule.

1．Whatwilltheparticipantspayspecialattentiontoduringtheirlearning?

A．Competition.B．Workingtogether.C．Concentration.D．Savingmaterials.

2．Whichofthefollowingisanoptionallesson?

A．Remote-controldesign.B．Managingwirelesssignals.

C．Buildingroboticattachments.D．Understandinghowmachines“think”.

3．Howmuchmoneycanyougetbackifyoucancelyourfirstsessionbeforeitstarts?

A．$999.B．$50.C．$899.1.D．$949.

【答案】1．B2．C3．D

【解析】本文是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了一个适合12到14岁孩子参加的机器人课程的相关细节。

1．细节理解题。

通过文章第一段“Traineesfocusonteamwork（学员注重团队合作）”可知，学员在学习过程中会特别注意共同工作。

故选B项。

2．细节理解题。

通过文章“Activities”部分中的“Choosefromlessonsasyoulike,suchasbuildingroboticattachments,programmingwithsensorsanddatafunctions,orusingHumanInterfaceDevices（从课程中选择您喜欢的，如构建机器人附件，用传感器和数据功能编程，或使用人机界面设备）”可知，构建机器人附件是选修课。

故选C项。

3．细节理解题。

通过文章“FastFacts”部分中的“Price:

$999.（999美元）”以及“Includesa$50registrationfeethatcannotbereturnedandtuitionfeesthatcanbefullyrefundedatrequestbeforethesessionstarts.（包括50美元不可退还的注册费和可在课程开始前要求全额退还的学费）”可推知，如果你在第一节课开始前取消，可以拿回949美元。

故选D项。

B（2021·重庆市第七中学校高三月考）

Roboticsurgeryisonething,butsendingarobotinsidethebodytocarryoutanoperationquiteanother,whichhaslongbeenagoalofsomeresearcherstoproducetinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut,thepossibilityofwhichhasjustgotabitcloser.

However,unliketheplotofonefilm—whichfeaturedamicroscopiccrewandsubmarinetravelingthroughascientist’sbloodstream—thisdevicecouldnotbeinsertedintobloodvessels（管）becauseitistoobig.Whileothertypesofminiatureswallowablerobotshavebeendevelopedinthepast,theirrolehasmostlybeenlimitedtocapturingimagesinsidethebody.InapresentationthisweektotheInternationalConference,DanielaRusandShuheiMiyashitaoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydescribedarobottheyhavedevelopedthatcanbeswallowedandusedtocollectdangerousobjectsaccidentallytakenin.

Totesttheirlatestversion,DrRusandDrMiyashitadesignedarobotasabatteryhunter,whichmightseemtobeanoddtask,butmorethan3,500peopleinAmericaalone,mostofthemchildren,swallowthetinybuttoncellsusedinsmallelectronicdevicesbyaccidenteveryyear.Tostartwith,theresearcherscreatedanartificialesophagus（食道）andstomachmadeoutofsilicone（硅胶）.Itwascloselymodeledonthatfoundinapigandfilledwithmedicalliquid;therobotitselfismadefromseverallayersofdifferentmaterials,includingpigintestine（肠）,andcontainsalittlemagnet.Thisisfoldedupandencasedina10mm×27mmcapsuleofice.Oncethisreachesthestomachtheicemeltsandtherobotunfoldswhichismovedandguidedwiththeuseofamagneticfieldoutsidethebody.Intheirtests,therobotwasabletotouchabuttonbatteryanddrawitwithitsownmagnet,andduringdraggingitalong,therobotcouldthenbedirectedtowardstheintestineswhereitwouldeventuallybegottenridofthroughtheanus（肛门）.Afterit,theresearcherssentinanotherrobotloadedwithmedicationtodeliverittothesiteofthebatteryburntospeeduphealing.

Theartificialstomachbeingtransparentononeside,theresearcherswereabletoseethebatteriesandvisuallycontroltherobots.Ifnot,thatwillrequirehelpwiththehelpfromimagingsystem,whichwillbeabitmoreofachallenge,butDrRusandDrMiyashitaaredeterminedtosucceed.

4．Accordingtothepassage,therobotoperationwillprobablybeableto_________.

A．travelthroughascientist’sbloodstream

B．enterthebodytodeliverdrugsormakerepairs

C．photographthebodytoconveytothedoctor

D．operateonapersonoutsidethebodycompletely

5．WelearnfromParagraph3that_________.

A．theresearchersdidtheexperimentonachosenanimal

B．theactualsizeoftherobotmaybelargerthanthecapsuleofice

C．digestingtheswallowedbatteriesisdifficultforchildren

D．therobottooknecessarydrugsbesidesalittlemagnet

6．Whatmaytheexperimentmeantothemedicalworld?

A．Fewerchildrenwillswallowthebuttoncells.

B．Arobotwillbeinventedtravellingbloodvessels.

C．Thesurgerieswillcostpatientsmuchmoney.

D．Patientswillsufferlessforsomesurgeries.

7．Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A．TheFantasticRoboticVoyageB．TheExplorationofRobotTechnology

C．TinyRobot,SignificantRoleD．AnExperimentonRobot

【答案】4．B5．B6．D7．A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

主要向读者介绍了一种微型机器人，可以负载药物在人体内进行治疗。

并对其原理工作的实施操作进行了说明。

4．细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“tinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut（微型机器人装置，这种装置能够穿过身体运送药物或进行修复，而无需一次切割）”可知，机器人可能会在治疗过程中携带药物进入人体，或对其进行修复。

故选B项。

5．主旨大意题。

根据文章第三段“therobotitselfismadefromseverallayersofdifferentmaterials,includingpigintestine（肠）,andcontainsalittlemagnet.Thisisfoldedupandencasedina10mm×27mmcapsuleofice.（机器人本身是由几层不同的材料制成的，包括猪肠（肠）,还有一块小磁铁。

这是折叠起来，并封装在一个10毫米×27毫米的冰胶囊）”可知，机器人是被折叠放入冰囊的，但它的实际体积可能比冰囊大。

故选B项。

6．细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“tinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut（微型机器人装置，这种装置能够穿过身体运送药物或进行修复，而无需一次切割）”可知，机器人减少了手术带来的痛苦。

故选D项。

7．主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段“tinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut（微型机器人装置，这种装置能够穿过身体运送药物或进行修复，而无需一次切割）”可知，本文主要介绍了一种微型机器人，可以负载药物在人体内进行治疗。

故A项“奇妙的机器人之旅”为最佳标题。

故选A项。

C（2021·育才中学高三二模）

IfMarswerethepopularkidinschool,Venus（金星）wouldbetheunwelcomeonesittinginthecorner,largelyignored.VenushasnearlythesamemassandsizeasEarth,butbeingclosertothesun,itgetsnearlytwiceasmuchheatfromthesun.

However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:

cloudsofsulphuricacid（硫酸）blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.

JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine（磷化氢）inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.ThatisbecausetheonlywaythisgasismadeonEarthisinlaboratoriesorbymicrobes（微生物）.Thoughthisdoesn'tmeanitwasproducedbylifeonVenus,attemptstofindnon-biologicalexplanationsforitspresencehavesofarfailed.

OurbestwayofconfirmingorrejectingthepossibilityoflifeonVenusistogoandhaveaproperlook.WhileMarshasbeenthefocusofinterplanetaryexplorationeffortslately,thephosphinediscoveryletspeoplelookatVenusinanewlight.AsNASAadministratorJimBridenstinetweeted:

“It’stimetoprioritizeVenus.”

Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.

ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.

8．WhichdescriptionaboutVenusisnottrue?

A．ItisalmostaslargeasEarth.

B．IthasnearlythesamemassasEarth.

C．IthasawarmerEarth-likeclimate.

D．Ithastheunbe