Ios App开发宝典.docx
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IosApp开发宝典
iosapp开发宝典:
String用法大全
一、NSString
创建字符串。
NSString*astring=@"ThisisaString!
";
创建空字符串，给予赋值。
NSString*astring=[[NSStringalloc]init];
astring=@"ThisisaString!
";
NSLog（@"astring:
%@",astring）;
stringrelease];
使用变量初始化
NSString*name=@"Ivan!
";
NSString*astring=[[NSStringstringWithFormat:
@”Mynameis%@!
”,name]];
NSLog（@"astring:
%@",astring）;
判断是否包含某字符串
检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头
-（BOOL）hasPrefix:
（NSString*）aString;
NSString*String1=@"NSStringInformation.txt";
[String1hasPrefix:
@"NSString"]==1?
NSLog（@"YES"）:
NSLog（@"NO"）;
[String1hasSuffix:
@".txt"]==1?
NSLog（@"YES"）:
NSLog（@"NO"）;
是否包含其它字符
NSString*astring=[[NSStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaString!
"];
Booleancontains=[astringrangeOfString:
@”This”].length>0;
从文件读取字符串:
initWithContentsOfFile方法
NSString*path=@"astring.text";
NSString*astring=[[NSStringalloc]initWithContentsOfFile:
path];
NSLog（@"astring:
%@",astring）;
[astringrelease];
写字符串到文件:
writeToFile方法
NSString*astring=[[NSStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaString!
"];
NSLog（@"astring:
%@",astring）;
NSString*path=@"astring.text";
[astringwriteToFile:
pathatomically:
YES];
[astringrelease];
比较两个字符串
isEqualToString方法
NSString*astring01=@"ThisisaString!
";
NSString*astring02=@"ThisisaString!
";
BOOLresult=[astring01isEqualToString:
astring02];
NSLog（@"result:
%d",result）;
compare方法（comparer返回的三种值）
NSString*astring01=@"ThisisaString!
";
NSString*astring02=@"ThisisaString!
";
BOOLresult=[astring01compare:
astring02]==NSOrderedSame;
NSLog（@"result:
%d",result）;
NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同
NSString*astring01=@"ThisisaString!
";
NSString*astring02=@"thisisaString!
";
BOOLresult=[astring01compare:
astring02]==NSOrderedAscending;
NSLog（@"result:
%d",result）;
不考虑大小写比较字符串1
NSString*astring01=@"thisisaString!
";
NSString*astring02=@"ThisisaString!
";
BOOLresult=[astring01caseInsensitiveCompare:
astring02]==NSOrderedSame;
NSLog（@"result:
%d",result）;
改变字符串的大小写
NSString*string1=@"AString";
NSString*string2=@"String";
NSLog（@"string1:
%@",[string1uppercaseString]）;//大写
NSLog（@"string2:
%@",[string2lowercaseString]）;//小写
NSLog（@"string2:
%@",[string2capitalizedString]）;//首字母大小
在串中搜索子串
NSString*string1=@"Thisisastring";
NSString*string2=@"string";
NSRangerange=[string1rangeOfString:
string2];
intlocation=range.location;
intleight=range.length;
NSString*astring=[[NSStringalloc]initWithString:
[NSStringstringWithFormat:
@"Location:
%i,Leight:
%i",location,leight]];
NSLog（@"astring:
%@",astring）;
[astringrelease];
替换字符串
NSString*astring01=@"hello中国";
NSString*new=[astring01stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:
@”中国”withString:
@"北京"];
NSLog（new）;
分割字符串成数组
NSString*s=@"abdef";
NSArray*arr=[scomponentsSeparatedByString:
@""];
NSLog（@"count=%d",[arrcount]）;
字符串数组拼接成字符串
NSArray*pathArray=[NSArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"here",
@"be",@"dragons",nil];
NSLog（@"%@",[pathArraycomponentsJoinedByString:
@""]）;
抽取子串
-substringToIndex:
从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符
NSString*string1=@"Thisisastring";
NSString*string2=[string1substringToIndex:
3];
NSLog（@"string2:
%@",string2）;
-substringFromIndex:
以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符
NSString*string1=@"Thisisastring";
NSString*string2=[string1substringFromIndex:
3];
NSLog（@"string2:
%@",string2）;
-substringWithRange:
//按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串
NSString*string1=@"Thisisastring";
NSString*string2=[string1substringWithRange:
NSMakeRange（0,4）];
NSLog（@"string2:
%@",string2）;
二、NSMutableString
给字符串分配容量
//stringWithCapacity:
NSMutableString*String;
String=[NSMutableStringstringWithCapacity:
40];
在已有字符串后面添加字符
//appendString:
andappendFormat:
NSMutableString*String1=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];
//[String1appendString:
@",Iwillbeaddingsomecharacter"];
[String1appendFormat:
[NSStringstringWithFormat:
@",Iwillbeaddingsomecharacter"]];
NSLog（@"String1:
%@",String1）;
*/
在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符
//deleteCharactersInRange:
NSMutableString*String1=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];
[String1deleteCharactersInRange:
NSMakeRange（0,5）];
NSLog（@"String1:
%@",String1）;
在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串
//-insertString:
atIndex:
NSMutableString*String1=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];
[String1insertString:
@"Hi!
"atIndex:
0];
NSLog（@"String1:
%@",String1）;
将已有的换成其它的字符串
//-setString:
NSMutableString*String1=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];
[String1setString:
@"HelloWord!
"];
NSLog（@"String1:
%@",String1）;
按照所给出的范围，和字符串替换的原有的字符
//-setString:
NSMutableString*String1=[[NSMutableStringalloc]initWithString:
@"ThisisaNSMutableString"];
[String1replaceCharactersInRange:
NSMakeRange（0,4）withString:
@"That"];
NSLog（@"String1:
%@",String1）;
三、NSArray
创建数组
NSArray*array=[[NSArrayalloc]initWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];
self.dataArray=array;
[arrayrelease];
//-（unsigned）Count;数组所包含对象个数；
NSLog（@"self.dataArraycound:
%d",[self.dataArraycount]）;
//获取指定索引处的对象
NSLog（@"self.dataArraycound2:
%@",[self.dataArrayobjectAtIndex:
2]）;
从一个数组拷贝数据到另一数组
//arrayWithArray:
//NSArray*array1=[[NSArrayalloc]init];
NSMutableArray*MutableArray=[[NSMutableArrayalloc]init];
NSArray*array=[NSArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",nil];
NSLog（@"array:
%@",array）;
MutableArray=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithArray:
array];
NSLog（@"MutableArray:
%@",MutableArray）;
array1=[NSArrayarrayWithArray:
array];
NSLog（@"array1:
%@",array1）;
//Copy
//idobj;
NSMutableArray*newArray=[[NSMutableArrayalloc]init];
NSArray*oldArray=[NSArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];
NSLog（@"oldArray:
%@",oldArray）;
for（inti=0;i<[oldArraycount];i++）
{
obj=[[oldArrayobjectAtIndex:
i]copy];
[newArrayaddObject:
obj];
}
//
NSLog（@"newArray:
%@",newArray）;
[newArrayrelease];
快速遍历数组
//NSMutableArray*newArray=[[NSMutableArrayalloc]init];
NSArray*oldArray=[NSArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];
NSLog（@"oldArray:
%@",oldArray）;
for（idobjinoldArray）
{
[newArrayaddObject:
obj];
}
//
NSLog（@"newArray:
%@",newArray）;
[newArrayrelease];
Copyandsort
//NSMutableArray*newArray=[[NSMutableArrayalloc]init];
NSArray*oldArray=[NSArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];
NSLog（@"oldArray:
%@",oldArray）;
NSEnumerator*enumerator;
enumerator=[oldArrayobjectEnumerator];
idobj;
while（obj=[enumeratornextObject]）
{
[newArrayaddObject:
obj];
}
[newArraysortUsingSelector:
@selector（compare:
）];
NSLog（@"newArray:
%@",newArray）;
[newArrayrelease];
NSMutableArray
给数组分配容量
//NSArray*array;
array=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithCapacity:
20];
在数组末尾添加对象
//-（void）addObject:
（id）anObject;
//NSMutableArray*array=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
[arrayaddObject:
@"Four"];
NSLog（@"array:
%@",array）;
删除数组中指定索引处对象
//-（void）removeObjectAtIndex:
（unsigned）index;
//NSMutableArray*array=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
[arrayremoveObjectAtIndex:
1];
NSLog（@"array:
%@",array）;
数组枚举
从前向后
//NSMutableArray*array=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
NSEnumerator*enumerator;
enumerator=[arrayobjectEnumerator];
idthingie;
while（thingie=[enumeratornextObject]）{
NSLog（@"thingie:
%@",thingie）;
}
从后向前
NSMutableArray*array=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
NSEnumerator*enumerator;
enumerator=[arrayreverseObjectEnumerator];
idobject;
while（object=[enumeratornextObject]）{
NSLog（@"object:
%@",object）;
}
快速枚举
//NSMutableArray*array=[NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
for（NSString*stringinarray）
{
NSLog（@"string:
%@",string）;
}
NSDictionary
创建字典
//-（id）initWithObjectsAndKeys;
ctionary*dictionary=[[NSDictionaryalloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:
@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3",nil];
NSString*string=[dictionaryobjectForKey:
@"One"];
NSLog（@"string:
%@",string）;
NSLog（@"dictionary:
%@",dictionary）;
[dictionaryrelease];
练习题：
将文本“成绩单.text”内容加载到内存中并按规定的格式输出出来
NSMutableDictionary
创建
NSMutableDictionary*dictionary=[NSMutableDictionarydictionary];
添加字典
[dictionarysetObject:
@"One"forKey:
@"1"];
[dictionarysetObject:
@"Two"forKey:
@"2"];
[dictionarysetObject:
@"Three"forKey:
@"3"];
[dictionarysetObject:
@"Four"forKey:
@"4"];
NSLog（@"dictionary:
%@",dictionary）;
删除指定的字典
[dictionaryremoveObjectForKey:
@"3"];
NSLog（@"dictionary:
%@",dictionary）;
NSValue（对任何对象进行包装）
将NSRect放入NSArray中
NSMutableArray*array=[[NSMutableArrayalloc]init];
NSValue*value;
CGRectrect=CGRectMake（0,0,320,480）;
value=[NSValuevalueWithBytes:
&rectobjCType:
@encode（CGRect）];
[arrayaddObject:
value];
NSLog（@"array:
%@",array）;
从Array中提取
value=[arrayobjectAtIndex:
0];
[valuegetValue:
&rect];
NSLog（@"value:
%@",value）;
定义结构体并添加到NSArray里面
typedefstruct{
floatreal;
floatimaginary;
}ImaginaryNumber;
ImaginaryNumbermiNumber;
miNumber.real=1.1;
miNumber.imaginary=1.41;
NSValue*miValue=[NSValuevalue:
miNumber
withObjCType:
@encode（ImaginaryNumber）];//encodeusingthetypename
ImaginaryNumbermiNumber2;
[miValuegetValue:
&miNumber2];
四、宏定义#define讲解
NSNumber
+（NSNumber*）numberWithInt:
（int）value;
+（NSNumber*）numberWithDouble:
（double）value;
-（int）intVal
升级会员 