综合教程2版1册U13 部分练习答案及注解.docx

综合教程2版1册U13 部分练习答案及注解.docx

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综合教程2版1册U13部分练习答案及注解

.VocabularyAnalysis

1.Phrasepractice

1.apathytoward=indifferencetowards对……很冷漠,对……不感兴趣

e.g.Thechild’sapathytowardmathematicsworrieshisparents.孩子对数学不感兴趣，这让他父母很担心。

Mediaisapathytowardwomen’ssports.媒体对女性运动不感兴趣。

2.keepupappearances=pretendtobeoneselfwhenindifficulties保持体面

e.g.Iamoldenoughbynownottocarewhatothersthink,butkeepingupappearancesissomehowingrained.我现在很老了，已不在乎别人想什么了，但还是改不了喜欢装门面的习惯。

Weshouldgetdowntodoingotherthingsthankeepingupappearances.比起装门面，我们应该做点别的事情。

3.distanceoneselffrom=stayawayfrom远离

e.g.Shouldadultauthorsdistancethemselvesfromchildren’sbooks?

成年作家不应该写孩子的书吗？

Theytriedtogetridofthisfoolishcustom.他们努力的要除去这种愚蠢的习俗。

2.Wordcomparison

1.

addiction:

anaddictiontosth.isaverystrongdesireorneedforit

e.g.Heneededmoneytofedhisaddictiontogambling.

addict:

apersonwhocan’tstopdoingorusingsth.,especiallysth.harmful

e.g.Iamashoppingaddict.

addictive:

ifasubstance,especiallyadrug,isaddictive,yourbodyneeditregularlyandyouareunabletostoptakingit

e.g.Tobaccoishighlyaddictive.

2.

apathy:

youcanuse"apathy"totalkaboutsomeone’sstateofmindifyouarecriticizingthembecausetheydonotseemtobeinterestedinorenthusiasticaboutanything

e.g.Afterashortburstofenthusiasm,sherelapsedintoherusualapathy.

antipathy:

（anexampleof）strongdislike,oppositionoranger

e.g.Despitethedeepantipathiesbetweenthem,thetwosideshavemanagedtonegotiateanagreement.

sympathy:

thefeelingofbeingsorryforsomeonewhoisinabadsituation

e.g.Ihavealotofsympathyforher;shehadtobringupthechildrenonherown.

empathy:

theabilitytoshareanotherperson’sfeelingsandemotionsasiftheywereyourown

e.g.Havingbegunmylifeinachildren’shome,Ihavegreatempathywiththelittleones.

3.

depression:

amentalstateinwhichyouaresadandfeelthatyoucan’tenjoyanything,becauseyoursituationissodifficultandunpleasant

e.g.Herfeelingofdepressionwastransient.

impression:

theopinionorfeelingyouhaveaboutsomeonebecauseofthewaytheyseem

e.g.Arrivinglatewon’tcreateaveryfavorableimpression.

suppression:

prevention

e.g.Theyfoughtbackheroicallyagainstitsbloodysuppression.

compression:

theprocessorresultofbecomingsmallerorpressedtogether

e.g.Thecompressionofthewoodiseasilyachieved.

4.

invade:

toenteranareaofactivityinaforcefulandnoticeableway

e.g.Marialookssettoinvadethemusicscenewithherstyleandimage.

reinforce:

togivesupporttoanopinion,ideaorfeelingandmakeitstronger

e.g.Thefilmreinforcestheideathatwomenshouldbeprettyanddumb.

enter:

whenyouenteraplacesuchasaroomorbuilding,yougointoitorcomeintoit

e.g.AssoonasIentered,theystoppedandturnedmyway.

await:

towaitfororbewaitingforsomething

e.g.He’sanxiouslyawaitinghistestresult.

5.

neglect:

whenyoudonotgiveenoughcareorattentionorthestateofnotreceivingenoughcareorattention

e.g.Overtheyearsthechurchhasfallenintoastateofneglect.

care:

theprocessoflookingaftersomeone,especiallybecausetheyareill,oldorveryyoung

e.g.Boththeyoungparentssharethecareofthechildren.

concern:

theworryaboutasituation

e.g.Thepoliticalleadersallexpressconcernaboutreportsofpoliticalviolenceinthisregion.

worry:

aproblemthatmakesyoufeelunhappyandafraid

e.g.Keepingwarminthewinterisamajorworryformanyoldpeople.

6.

recall:

torememberaparticularfact,event,orsituationfromthepast

e.g.Aliceseemtorecallshe’smetthathandsomeboybeforesomewhere.

remind:

ifsomeoneremindsyouofafactoreventthatyoualreadyknowabout,theysaysomethingwhichmakesyouthinkaboutit

e.g.Ihadtoremindmyselfthatbeingconfidentisnotthesameasbeingperfect.

recollection:

amemoryofsomething

e.g.Ihavemanypleasantrecollectionsofthetimewespenttogether.

repeat:

tosayorwritesomethingagain

e.g.Nickpatientlyrepeatedthathehadtoworkthatday.

7.

voluntarily:

dosth.willingly,withoutanyonetellingyoutodoit

e.g.Iwouldonlyleaveherevoluntarilyiftherewasabigchancetoworkabroad.

voluntary:

actionsoractivitiesaredonebecausesomeonechoosetodothemandnotbecausetheyhavebeenforcedtodothem

e.g.Thescheme,dotobeginnextmonth,willbevoluntary.

involuntary:

notdonebychoice;doneunwillingly,orwithoutthedecisionorintentionofthepersoninvolved

e.g.Hegaveusaninvoluntarysmile.

involuntarily:

adv.dosth.unwillingly,withsomeonetellingyoutodoit

e.g.Arthurshiveredinvoluntarilyashecameoutofthebuilding.

8.

worthless:

ofnorealvalueoruse

e.g.Trainingisworthlessunlessthereisproofthatitworks.

valueless:

notworthanymoney

e.g.Thatchairturnedouttobeavaluelessreplicaratherthananantiquewethought.

priceless:

extremelyvaluable

e.g.MuseumshavedespoiledIndiaofmanypricelesstreasures.

3.Synonym/Antonym

Givesynonymsorantonymsofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.

1.Shewasdiagnosedwithjuvenilediabetesandneededfurthertesting.

Synonyms:

young,youthful

2.At22,Iwasdiagnosedwithclinicaldepressionandvoluntarilyadmittedtoapsychiatrichospital.

Antonyms:

involuntarily,unwillingly,reluctantly

3.Iwasnumb,tryingtoseethroughahazethatsettleduponwhatoncewasvividandbright.

Synonyms:

dull,insensitive,unfeeling

4.Herdrivehome,leavingmebehind,washeartbreaking.

Antonyms:

cheering

5.Itdidn’tmatterwhatschoolIhadattended,whereIhadvacationed,whatawardsIhadwon

Synonyms:

prize,honour,accolade

6.Iseldomdemonstratedamelancholicpersonality.

Antonyms:

cheerful,merry,joyful,jubilant

7.ClinicaldepressionpaintedmyworldblackwhilescreamingquietlythatIwasworthless.

Synonyms:

valueless,useless,futile

8.IrecallwishingIweren’talive,wishingmycarwouldturndownanemptyroadandIcoulddisappear.

Antonyms:

appear,emerge

4.Sentencerephrasing

Rephraseeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththewordgiveninbrackets.

1.Variousorganizationscamewithoutrequesttohelpraisemoneyforthenewoperatingtheatreinthathospital.（voluntarily）

Tip：

voluntarilyadv.outofwill自愿的

e.g.Intheend,hemadethepromisevoluntarily.

Key:

Variousorganizationsvoluntarilyhelpedraisemoneyforthenewoperatingtheatreinthathospital.

2.Footballarousesagooddealofpowerfulfeelingamongitssupporters.（passion）

Tip:

passionn.strongemotion激情

e.g.Hehasastrongpassiontowardsoccer.

Key:

Footballarousesagooddealofpassionamongitssupporters.

3.Lotsofhardworkwasdonethroughoutthewartodisguisethescaleofciviliancasualties.（strenuous）

Tip:

strenuousadj.doingsth.withenergy奋发的，狂热的

e.g.Youshouldavoidstrenuousactivity24hoursaftertheoperation.

Key:

Strenuouseffortsweremadethroughoutthewartodisguisethescaleofciviliancasualties.

4.Allin-patientsmustfillinthisformandsignitwhentheyleavethehospitaluponrecovery.（check）

Tip:

checkv.exam检查

e.g.Youneedtocheckyournewcarbeforethefirstdrive.

checkoutpaythebillandleave退（房）结账

e.g.Itwon’ttakeyoulongtocheckout.

Key:

Allin-patientsmustfillthisformandsignitwhentheycheckout.

5.WHOtriestoanalyzetheexistingconditionsofworkineachparticipatingcountryinordertodraftaplanofaction.（diagnose）

Tip:

diagnosev.determinethecause判断（问题的原因）

e.g.Thebookdiagnosesoureconomiccrises.

Key:

WHOtriestodiagnosetheexistingconditionsofworkineachparticipatingcountryinordertodraftaplanofaction.

6.Hequicklyputonhispajamasandimmediatelyfellintoadeepsleep.（slip）

Tip:

slipv.movestealthily溜走，滑走

e.g.Thefishslippedoutofmyfinger.

slipinto:

puton穿上

e.g.Theboyslippedintohisjacketandranaway.

Key:

Heslippedintohispajamasandimmediatelyfellintoadeepsleep.

7.Afterthebandstoppedplaying,peoplewalkedawayslowlyintwosandthrees.（drift）

Tip:

driftv.float漂流

e.g.Aboatdriftedalongtheriverslowly.

driftawayleave,lose失去，离开

e.g.Theaudiencedriftedawayfromtheconcert.

Key:

Afterthebandstoppedplaying,peopledriftedawayintwosandthrees.

8.Thismistakemustbecorrectedimmediatelytopreventanyfurtherproblems.（remedy）

Tip:

remedyv.correction,cure治疗，补救

e.g.Yourmistakewouldhavebeenremediedifithadbeenrecoveredearlier.

Key:

Thismistakemustberemediedimmediatelytopreventanyfurtherproblem.

.GrammarExercises

1.Theinfinitiveandthe–ingparticipleasobject

Thereareverbsthatcanbefollowedeitherbyan–ingformorbyaninfinitive.Withsomeoftheseverbs,thechoicebetweenthetwomakesnodifferenceinmeaning;withothers,however,differentchoicesresultindifferentinterpretations.Here,theinfinitiveandthe–ingparticipleareusedasobject.Verbsthatarefollowedby–ingparticipleinclude:

admit,fancy,delay,miss,involve,postpone,finish,imagine,avoid,deny,risk,practise,consider,enjoy,etc.Verbsthatarefollowedbytheinfinitiveinclude:

decide,hope,pretend,deserve,promise,attempt,offer,agree,plan,aim,afford,manage,threaten,refuse,learn,fail,etc.

1）Eitherinfinitiveor–ingparticiplewithoutchangeofmeaning

Verbsthatcantakeeitheraninfinitiveoran–ingparticipleasobjectincludeattempt,begin,can’tbear,continue,deserve,dread,hate,intend,like,loathe,love,need,neglect,omit,plan,prefer,require,start,etc.Followingthesewords,aninfinitiveoran–ingpart