备战届高考英语阅读之说明文十.docx

备战届高考英语阅读之说明文十.docx

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备战届高考英语阅读之说明文十

备战2021高考英语阅读之说明文（十）

（A）

Everyyeararoundtheworld,humanswasteanestimated1.3billiontonsoffood.Thishappenseventhoughmanypeoplegohungry.Sosomepeoplehavemadeittheirlife'sworkclaimingfoodbeforeitgoestowasteandthengivingittopeoplewhoarehungry.

OneofthosepeopleisBrettMyers.In2011,MyersstartedNourishNow,afoodrecoveryandfoodbankintheU．S.stateofMaryland.Thisnonprofitorganizationcollectsfoodandthengivesittothepoorandorganizationsthatsupportthem.

“NourishNowisafoodrecoverybasedfoodbankthatrecoversfoodfromrestaurants,cateringcompanies,grocerystores,hotels,farmsandmore.Andthendonatesthatfooddirectlytofamiliesinneed,kidsinneedatlocalschools.”

Eachmonth,itrecoversmorethan20,000kilogramsoffoodandserves700needyfamilies,schoolsandsocialorganizations.Everyday,staffandvolunteersrepackagethedonationsanddistributethemtorecipients（接受者）．

AwomannamedRhodaisoneoftherecipients.ShedescribesthequalityofthefooddeliveredtoherfamilybyNourishNow.“Itconsistsoffreshfood,fruitsandvegetables.Youwillgetbread.SometimesyougetdairyProductssuchasyogurtormilk.Andyouwillgetsomemeatitemsalso.Andifyougetluckyyoumightgetcookedfood,orpreparedsalads,andstufflikethat.”

Thesuppliescanfeedafamilyforfivedays.Eachrecipientisabletoreceivefoodevery30days.Andthepackagesaremadetofitthedietaryneedsofeachfamily.

Besidesfamilies,theorganizationalsodonatessmallmealscalledsnackstoseveralnearbyschoolsandsocialorganizations.

NourishNowhasgrownconsiderablysinceitopened.Brendaisoneofthem.Partofherjobasavolunteeristomakesurethatnoneofthefoodgoestowaste.

“Inthemorning,Imakesurethatallthethingsthatcamelateyesterdaygetputawaysothatweusethatlast,andweusedthethingsthatcamethedaybeforefirst,sothatwe'realwaysgivingfreshfoodandwe'renotthrowingoutanything.”

1．WhatdoweknowaboutNourishNow?

A．Itdonatesmoneytothepoor.B．Itbenefitsfromcollectingfood.

C．Itgetsfoodfrommanyplaces.D．Itdistributesfoodonlytothepoor.

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2referto?

A．NourishNow.B．Foodbanks.

C．Thepoor.D．Organizations.

3．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoclarifywiththeexampleRhodainParagraph5?

A．Shecangetfooddonationseveryfivedays.

B．Sheisn'tsatisfiedwiththefoodsupplied.

C．Eatingbettercankeeppeoplehealthier.

D．Therecoveredfoodisfreshandrich.

4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．AGroupUsesLeftoverFoodtoFeedtheHungry

B．ThePoorAreSufferingfromStarvation

C．NourishNowCallsonPeopletoSaveFood

D．PeopleShouldTakeCareoftheWeak

（B）

Youngtreesdon'tjustgrow;theydevelopapersonalityandlearnmoreabouttheirenvironmentandhowtheyshouldbestbehaveinit.Theyalsohelpeachotheroutwheneverthere'strouble.

Personality,justasamongpeople,variesamongtrees.Someareanxious,somebold.Ontheauthor'sland,therearethreeoaktreesgrowingclosetogether.Oneoftheoaktreesalwaysstartstosheditsleavestwoweeksearlierthantheothers.Sincetheyallexperiencethesametemperature,thesamesoilandthesamelengthofday,suchvariablescan'tbetheexplanation.Sowhat'shappening?

Well,thistreeissimplymorecarefulthantheothers.Whoeverholdsontotheirleaveslongercandomorephotosynthesis（光合作用）andstoremorenutrients.However,thelongeratreekeepsitsleaves,thehighertheriskofinjury.

Notonlydotreesmaketheirowndecisions,theyalsolearnfromtheirmistakes.Atree,forexample,keepingitsleavestoolongduringoneyearwillnevermakethismistakeagain.Thisleadstoseveralotherconclusions：

treesmustnoticethetemperatureandthelengthofthedayandbeabletosavetheirexperiencessomewhere.Obviously,treesdon'thavebrains,butitisthoughtthatinthesensitivetipsoftheirrootstheykeeptrackofinformationandexperiences.

Buttreesaren'tonlycleverwhenitcomestocaringforthemselves.Theyalsosupporteachotherwheneverthere'stroublebygivingwarningsandeventakingcareofsickandweakconspecificswithnutrients.Forexample,onetimetheauthorfoundaveryoldtreestump.Itsinsideshadrottedalongtimeagototopsoil.Butthewoodontheoutsideofthestumpwasstillliving.Howwasthispossible?

Well,thestumpwasnourishedbyitsneighborswithnutrientsfromtherootsystem,andhadbeenforatleast400years!

Whydotreesdo_such_a_thing?

It'ssimple:

it'sbettertogether.Treesneedtheforest;itprotectsthemfromstorms,providestherightmicroclimateandwarnsthemofattacks.

1．Whydoestheauthormentionthethreeoaktrees?

A．Toillustratetreescanlearnfromexperiences.

B．Toshowtreescanmakeindependentdecisions.

C．Toexplaintreesarequitesupportivetoeachother.

D．Toprovetreeshavethesamepersonalitiesashumans.

2．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesgeneralfeaturesoftrees?

A．Anxiousandbold.B．Smartandadventurous.

C．Helpfulandwellbehaved.D．Adaptableandsupportive.

3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dosuchathing”mean?

A．Givewarnings.B．Offerassistance.

C．Dependonothers.D．Providenutrients.

4．Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom?

A．Apubliclecture.B．Asciencebook.

C．Anexperimentreport.D．Atraveljournal.

（C）

Wehumanslovetostareintooursmartdevices.Wegazeforhours－about10hoursand39minutesaday—atourcomputers,smartphones,tabletsandtelevisions.Isallthisstaringbadforus?

Itmightbe,mainlybecauseaswestareatourdevicesweareexposingourselvestobluelight.

Bluelightisatypeofelectromagnetic（电磁的）radiationwithaveryshortwavelengththatproducesahighamountofenergy.Whileit'struethatlightcandamageoureyesundercertaincircumstances,there'snoscientificevidencesuggestingthatbluelightisharmfultooureyes.Butmanypeoplestillthinkitis,whichiswhybluelightblockingglassesaresopopular.Sodotheglasseswork?

“Everyoneisveryconcernedthatbluelightmaybecausingdamagetotheeye,butthere'snoevidencethatitmaybecausingseriousdamage，”Dr.RahulKhurana,clinicalspokesmanfortheAmericanAcademyofOphthalmology,toldBusinessInsider.

Bluelightexposureisnothingnew.Infact,thesunisthelargestsourceofbluelight.Moreover,bluelightisalsopresentinLEDlight.Butifbluelightisn'tharmful,thenwhyareweconstantlyrubbingoureyeswhenwe'relookingatourscreens?

Theansweriseyestrain（眼疲劳）：

Morethan60percentofpeopleexperienceeyeproblemsassociatedwithdigitaleyestrain.Andbluelight,itseems,isn'tthecause.Instead，oureyesaresostrainedbecausemostofusblinklesswhenwestareatourdigitaldevices.Soifeyestrainistheissue,bluelightblockingglassesareprobablyoflittleuse.

1．Whatdoweknowaboutbluelight?

A．Itisakindofnuclearradiation.

B．Ithastheshortestwavelength.

C．Itmaycomefromelectronicdevices.

D．Itconsumesagreatdealofenergy.

2．Whatcausesthepopularityofbluelightblockingglasses?

A．Evidenceoftheirbenefitstoeyes.

B．Beliefinbluelight'sharmfuleffect.

C．Widespreaduseofsmartdevices.

D．Scientificunderstandingofbluelight.

3．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?

A．Bluelightexposureishardlyavoidable.

B．Eyeproblemsarenoteasytodealwith.

C．Bluelightmayconnectwithtiredeyes.

D．Rubbingeyesmakespeoplestrained.

4．Accordingtothetext,wearingbluelightblockingglassesmaybe____.

A．tiringB．harmfulC．uselessD．beneficial

（D）

Astheoldsayinggoes，“Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.”Andneithershouldwejudgemoviestarsbytheirages.

Atjust21,ElleFanningmadehistorybybecomingtheyoungestjury（评审团）memberattheCannesFilmFestival.ThisyearitlastedfromMay14thtoMay25th.“IwasincompleteshockwhenIgotthatphonecallandthatquestionifIwantedtobeamemberoftheCannesJury，”Fanningsaidduringapressconference.

Asitturnedout,itnotonlyshockedtheUSactress,butalsobroughtcriticismfromthosewhobelievedFanningwastooyoungcomparedtootherveteransintheindustry.ButFanning'sactingexperiencewasinfactagoodargumentforherjurymembership.Infact,FanninghasbeenaHollywoodfixtureforlongerthanyourealize.

The21yearoldhasbeeninmanybigproductions.ShebeganactinginIAMSamatage3.WithleadrolesinmovieslikeSuper8,WeBoughtaZooandMaleficentunderherbelt,she'sappearedin60projectsandisoneofHollywood'shottestyoungstars.Fanning'sdevotiontoworknumbersheramongthefewformerchildstarswhocontinuetoactasadults.

InherlatestmovieTeenSpirit，whichhitUScinemaslastmonth,Fanningplaysapopsinger.Sinceshehadnosingingexperience,FanninghadtoworkwithGrammywinningmusicproducerMariusdeVriesforthreemonthsbeforethefilmingstarted.“Iwouldgotohisapartmentandsingthroughallthesongseveryday，”shesaid.“Hevideoedmeandrecordedmesingingeverythingandmademewatchitbackagainandagaintoimprovemyskills.”

Withsuchrichactingexperienceanddevotiontoherart,Fanningcertainlywasableto“representanewclassinfilm”attheCannesFilmFestival.

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“veterans”probablymean?

A．Shockedactresses.B．Greenhands.

C．Experiencedpeople.D．Musicproducers.

2．InwhichfilmdoesFanningplayapopsinger?

A．IAMSam.B．Super8.

C．WeBoughtaZoo.D．TeenSpirit.

3．WhatdoesthewriterthinkofElleFanning?

A．Wealthy.B．Devoted.C．Considerate.D．Friendly.

4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A．Ell