六下语法整理及练习7.docx
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六下语法整理及练习7
差将来时态介词
六下语法整理及练习7
1.Be动词的用法口诀
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,Is用于他(he)她(she)它(it),单数is,复数are,希望大家都记下。
肯定句
否定句—be动词后加not
一般疑问句—be动词移到主语前
肯定和否定回答
Iam=I’m….
Iamnot…=I’mnot...
Areyou…?
Yes,Iam.
No,I’mnot.
Youare…=you’re…
Youarenot…=Youaren’t…
Areyou…?
Yes,Iam.
No,I’mnot.
She\He\Itis…=She’s\He’s\It’s…
She\He\Itisnot…=She\He\Itisn’t…
Isshe\he\it…?
Yes,she\he\Itis.
No,she\he\Itisn’t.
Weare=We’re
Wearenot…=Wearen’t…
Arewe…?
Yes,youare.
No,youaren’t.
Theyare=They’re
Theyarenot…=Theyaren’t
Arethey…?
Yes,theyare.
No,theyaren’t.
注意:
上表中划线句子不能缩写,(am和not也不能缩写)。
2.名词变复数及其发音规则
构成方法
例词
在词尾加-s
1. desk—desks [s]
map—maps [s]
3. field–filelds[dz]
dog—dogs [z]
sea—seas [z]
1. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词后加-es
2. 如词尾是e,只加-s
1.class-classes[iz]
box—boxes[iz]
dish—dishes[iz]
watch—watches[iz]
2.horse—horses[iz]
如词尾为–f或–fe,则一般变为–ves
1. leaf—leaves[vz]
2. knife—knives[vz]
以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es
family—families[iz]
以元音+y结尾的名词,加-s
boy—boys[z]
guy-guys[z]
以辅音+o结尾的名词,加-es
[有生命]
hero—heroes[z]
potato—potatoes[z]
tomato—tomatoes[z]
以元音+o结尾的名词,加-s
【没生命】
radio—radios[z]
zoo—zoos[z]
photo-photos[z]
以-th结尾的名词,加-s
1. bath—baths[ z]
2. month—months[ s]
不规则名词复数:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teeth
写出下列各词的复数
I_________him_________this___________her______
watch_______child_______photo________diary______
day________foot________book_______dress________
tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____
thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______
man______woman_______paper_______juice___________
water________milk________rice__________tea__________
3.人称代词
定义:
人称代词用来代替人或物,在句中作主语或宾语,所以有主格和宾格。
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
人称
代词
主格
I
we
you
you
hesheit
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
himherit
them
物主
代词
形容词性
my
our
your
your
hisherits
their
名词性
mine
ours
yours
yours
hishersits
theirs
形容词性物主代词放在名词前。
如:
Thisismybook.这是我的书Herpenisred.她的钢笔是红色的
TheirteacherisMr.Wu.他们的老师是武老师。
Ihavealovelycat.我有一只可爱的小猫。
名词性物主代词起名词的作用,(用来代替前面提到的名词),后面不可以再接名词。
如:
1.Yourpenisred.Mineisblack.
人称代词和物主代词练习题
1.______(she)ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit______(she)
2.Beijingisabigcity._____(it)isinthenorthofChina.
3.Whatdayis_____(it)today?
____(it)isMondaytoday.
4.Ihaveabluebike.Buttheredoneisnot_____.(my)
5.ThesebooksareverygoodBut______(they)areveryexpensive.
6.Lindaisagirl._____(she)isinClass1.______(she)sisterisinClass2.
7.Tomismyfriend.______(he)isagoodboy.8.Whattimeis____(it)?
4.现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作.2.现在进行时的肯定句结构为:
主语+be+现在分词。
例如:
Heisdoinghishomeworknow.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
例如:
Heisnotdoinghishomeworknow.
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词提到句首。
Ishedoinghishomework?
肯定回答:
Yes,heis.否定回答:
No,heisn’t.
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问句的结构为:
疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?
如:
Whatareyoudoingnow?
你现在在干什么?
Whatishedoingnow?
他正在干什么?
动词变现在分词规则
1.一般情况下,直接加inggo-going去play-playing玩sleep-sleeping睡觉eat-eating吃do-doing做2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing1.come–coming来2.dance-dancing跳舞3.close-closing关4.make–making制造5.ride–riding骑6.write-writing写7.take-taking拿走8.move–moving移动/搬9have–having有
3.双写加-ing:
重读闭音节就要双写.重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音判断是不是重读闭音节双写,不仅要看单词的字母组合符合辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾,还要看音标是不是符合辅音+元音+辅音结尾只有都符合才可以双写。
1.sit-sitting坐2.stop-stopping停3.swim-swimming游泳4.run-running跑5.cut–cutting切6.put–putting放7.forget-forgetting忘记8.get-getting获得9.begin-beginning开始10.hit-hitting撞注意:
buy不能双写。
buy-buying
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________run__________swim_________make__________
go_________like________write________ski___________
read________have_________sing________dance_________
put_________see________buy_________love____________
live_______take_________come________get_________
stop________sit________begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!
thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisshedoing?
She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow.10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?
Yes,sheis.
5.一般现在时
一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如:
Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:
Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如:
Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1.有be动词的情况:
主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
如:
Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。
2.无be动词的情况(即有行为动词):
主语+行为动词(+其它)。
WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如:
HelikesChinese.他喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化。
否定句:
主语+be+not+其它。
如:
Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:
Be+主语+其它?
如:
-Areyouastudent?
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Whereismybike?
2.无be动词(即有行为动词)的变化。
否定句:
主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形+其它。
如:
Idon'tlikebread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。
如:
Hedoesn'tlikebread..
一般疑问句:
Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。
如:
-Doyouplayfootballeveryday?
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。
如:
-Doesshegotoworkbybike?
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Howdoesyourfathergotowork?
动词变单三
1.一般般情况下,直接+s,如:
play-playscome-comes2以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾+es,如:
guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,brush-brushes,go-goes.do-does3以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加es,如:
study-studiesfly-fliescry-cries1.Healways_____(play)footballonMondays.2.Sheoften____(go)toschoolat7:
30am.3.Itusually___(come)tomyhomeinspring.4.LiMingnever___(watch)TVonSundays.5.Adog___(wash)hisfaceinwater.6.Nobody____(guess)it.7.Everyone____(study)Englishatschool.8.Thebabyoften____(cry)atnight.
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink________go_______stay________make________
look_________have_______pass_______carry____
come________watch______plant_______fly________
study_______brush________do_________teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.
2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClass1.
3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.
4.Tom_______(notgo)tothezooonSundays.
5.______they________(like)thecat?
6.Healways_______(watch)TVonSundays.
7.Whatare_____(they)name?
8.Thegirl_______(teach)me..
9.SheandI________(take)likePE.
10.There________(be)adogandacatinmyroom.
11.Jack_______(like)cooking.
12.They_______(have)twobooks.
13.Myaunt_______(look)atme.
14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I_______(be)notastudent.I____(be)atecher.
16.She_______(go)toschooleveryday.
17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.
18.Whooften_______(watch)TVintheevening.
19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)playbasketballonSaturdays.
20.-Whatday_______(be)ittoday?
-It’sSaturday.
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?
__________________
2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?
__________________
3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________
4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________
5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________
动词变过去式规则
一般过去时,动词要用过去式,规则动词过去式的变化规则如下:
构成规则
原形
过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed
look
play
visit
looked
played
visited
词尾是e的动词加-d
live
hope
use
love
lived
hoped
used
loved
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed
stop
plan
trip
stopped
planned
trippeds
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变“y”为“i”,再加-ed
study
carry
worry
cry
studied
carried
worried
cried
动词词尾-ed的读音:
读音
例词
在浊辅音和元音后面
/d/
played/pleid/cleaned/kli:
nd/
在清辅音后面
/t/
helped/helpt/looked/lukt/
cooked/kukt/
在/t/,/d/音后面
/id/
visitedvizitid/needed/ni:
did/
2.部分不规则动词的过去式
come—came,go-went,leave-left,am\is-was,are-were,do-did,read-read,put-put.
fly-flew,buy-bought,teach-taught,bring-brought,draw-drew
单项选择:
从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
(10)
()1.Myfather______illyesterday.
A.isn'tB.aren'tC.wasn'tD.weren't
()2.______yourparentsathomelastweek﹖
A.IsB.WasC.AreD.Were
()3.Theboys______inDalianlastyear.They______herenow.
A.are;wereB.were;areC.was;areD.were;was
()4.LindaandI_______playedyesterday.
A.wereB.IsC.WasD.are
()5.—WhowasondutylastFriday﹖
—______.A.IamB.IwasC.Yes,IwasD.No,
用适当的形式填空
1.I_________yesterdayafternoon.(dance)
2.It_________alittlehillyesterday.(be)
3.Mymother_______yesterdayevening.(leave)
4.I________tothemusicyesterdaymorning.(listen)
5.Myfather______toworklastweekend.(go)
6.I_______abookeveryday.(read)
7.She_________akitethismorning.(fly)
8.He________hishomeworkeveryday.(do)
写出下列单词的过去式
am/is_______are_______do/does_______go_______see_______
can_______eat_______have/has_______make_____tell______
hear_______read_______put_______
二把下列句子变成一般疑问句和否定句。
1.Iwasanursetwoyearsago._____________________
2.Shewasateacherin1990__________________________
3.Isawabiglioninthezooyesterday.______________________________
4.Iworkedinaschoollastyear.____________________________
5.Thereweremanytreeslastyear.___________________
6.Thereweremanypeopleintheparkyesterday.________________________
改错题(20)
1.HowisJaneyesterday?
_____________________
2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________
3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:
00lastmonth.________________________
4.Icanflykitessevenyears