浙江省部分地方学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题.docx

浙江省部分地方学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题.docx

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浙江省部分地方学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题

浙江省部分地方

2020-2021年高二下学期期末联考英语试题精选汇编

阅读理解专题

浙江省嘉兴市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末检测英语试题

第二部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑.

A

AlbrechtDurerwasborninNurembergin1471,inpresentdayGermany.Hewasapainter,writerandengraver（雕刻师）,buthisfirstandprobablygreatestartisticinfluencewasinthemediumofprintmaking.

Albrecht’sfatherwasagoldsmith（金匠）andtheyoungAlbrechtnaturallybecamehisstudent,learningshapingandengravingjewelry.HealsostartedlearningfromalocalartistMichaelWolgemut,whospecializedinartisticwoodcutsforbooks.Durer’sfirstcontactwithartwasinthewoodcutprintingrange,soitislittlewonderthathewentontobecomeexpertinthisfield.Heactuallyexpandedthecraftofproducingpicturesforprinting,givingitmoredepth,andheraisedprint-makingintoanart-form.Towardstheendofthecentury（1497—1500）,Durerproducedanimpressiveseriesofreligiouswoodcuts.Indeed,itwasin1513—1514thatDurerproducedthethreeextraordinaryengravings（“Knight,DeathandDeviP”;“Melencolia”;“SaintJeromeinhisCell”）thathadastronginfluenceontheartworldandcametobeknownastheMasterEngravings.

Durer’ssuccessasaprintmakerrapidlyspreadacrossEurope.Hewashighlyawareofhisartisticimageandauthorship,whichisobviousinhisremarkablesignature.Ashisartbecameincreasinglyvaluable,Durer’ssignaturewasalwayscopied,whichevenledhimtoaccusetheengraverMarcantonioRaimondiofrepeatedlycopyinghisworksandsignatureandsellingthemoffasoriginals.Intheend,thecourtruledthatRaimondicouldcontinuemakingcopiesofDurer’s,aslongashedidn’treproducetheartist’ssignature.

Durerdiedin1528andwasburiedinNuremberg.LikemostfamousItalianartists,Durerprobablyfelthimselftobean“artist-king”,andhisself-portraits（自画像）seemundoubtedlytoshowamansureofhisowngift.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlbrechtDurer?

A.Open-minded.B.Generous.C.Easy-going.D.Talented.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutDurer’sthreegreatengravings?

A.Theyweremadewiththehelpofhisfather.

B.Theywerecreatedintheearly16thcentury.

C.Theywererecognizedasanewwayofpainting.

D.Theywereinfluencedbytheartworldofhistime.

3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?

A.Durergotangrywiththecourt.

B.Durer’ssignaturewaseasytocopy.

C.Durer’sreputationasaprintmakerwashigh.

D.DurerhadagoodrelationshipwithRaimondi.

【答案】1.D2.B3.C

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了著名画家，作家和雕刻家AlbrechtDurer的生平事迹，特别强调了他在雕刻艺术方面的天赋和影响力。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。

根据文章第一段内容对于AlbrechtDurer的描述“Hewasapainter,writerandengraver,buthisfirstandprobablygreatestartisticinfluencewasinthemediumofprintmaking.（他是一位画家、作家和雕刻家，但他的第一个可能也是最大的艺术影响是在版画的媒介上。

）”可知，他在艺术方面的成就很大，且根据文章第二段“Heactuallyexpandedthecraftofproducingpicturesforprinting,givingitmoredepth,andheraisedprint-makingintoanart-form.（实际上，他扩大了为印刷而制作图片的工艺，赋予了它更大的深度，并将印刷术提升为一种艺术形式。

）”可知，他在艺术方面很有自己的特点，由此可推知，他是一个有艺术天赋的人。

故选D项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段内容“Indeed,itwasin1513—1514thatDurerproducedthethreeextraordinaryengravings（“Knight,DeathandDeviP”;“Melencolia”;“SaintJeromeinhisCell”）thathadastronginfluenceontheartworldandcametobeknownastheMasterEngravings.（事实上，正是在1513—1514年，杜勒创作了三幅非凡的版画（“骑士、死亡和德维普”；”“梅兰科利亚”；“圣杰罗姆在他的牢房”），对艺术界产生了强大的影响，并成为著名的雕刻大师。

）”可知，这三幅作品是在1513年至1514年期间创作的，即，16世纪早期。

故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。

根据文章第三段内容“Ashisartbecameincreasinglyvaluable,Durer’ssignaturewasalwayscopied,whichevenledhimtoaccusetheengraverMarcantonioRaimondiofrepeatedlycopyinghisworksandsignatureandsellingthemoffasoriginals.（随着Durer的作品越来越有价值，他的签名总是被模仿，他甚至指责雕刻师MarcantonioRaimondi反复模仿他的作品和签名，然后当真品出售。

）”可知，Durer的作品很有价值，以致于雕刻师MarcantonioRaimondi模仿他的作品和签名进行出售，由此可推知，作为版画家，Durer享有很高的声誉。

故选C项。

B

“Won'tyoubemyneighbor?

”isafamoussongfromMisterRogers'Neighborhood,apopularchildren'stelevisionshow.Theshow,broadcastfor31yearsandendingin2001,soughttoteachAmericanchildrentheimportanceofkindnessandunderstandingtowardsothers.ButrecentlyfewerandfewerAmericansseemtoknowtheirneighbors.ThatmaybedestroyingAmericanscommunities.

MarcDunkelmanwroteabookcalled“TheVanishingNeighbor”.Init,heexaminedhowAmericancommunitieshavechangedovertime.DunkelmansaidmostAmericanshavethreelevelsofrelationships:

Theinnercircleincludesfamilyandclosefriends.Themiddlecircleismorecasualrelationships.Peopleinthiscircleincludeneighborsandpeopleincommunitygroups.Theoutercircleincludespeoplewholivefarawaybutshareacommoninterest.

Inhisbook,Dunkelmanarguedthatpeoplespendmostoftheirtimeandattentionontheinnerandoutercircles.Buthesaidthemiddle-circleisnecessarytostrengtheninglocalcommunities.Relationshipswithneighborsareimportantfordebate,hearingdifferentideasandfindingcompromise.

Americansusedtohavemoremiddle-circlerelationships.Face-to-facecommunicationwasunavoidablewithoutcellphonesortheinternet.Peoplealsofeltmoreofadutytojoincommunityorganizations.

Dunkelmanarguedthatmodernlifehasmademiddle-circlerelationshipslessimportant.Hesaidglobalization,educationandmorewomenintheworkforcehaveresultedinlessmiddle-circlecommunication.Americansmaybelosingwhatitmeanstobeagoodneighbor,asFredRogersofMisterRogersNeighborhoodtaught.

However;doinggoodforaneighborishealthy“notjustforourneighborbutforourselvesaswell,”Dunkelmansaid.“Learninghowtobeagoodcitizencanbelostwhenwedefertheproblemtosomebodyelse.”

4

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"refertoinparagraph1?

A.Thelackofclosetieswithneighbors.B.Thepopularityofchildren'sTVshows.

C.Thewayofteachingchildrentobekind.D.Thepreviousknowledgeofcommunities.

5

Whatisabenefitofhavingmiddle-circlerelationships?

A.Preventingdigitalharm.B.Sharingopinionswithothers.

C.Bearingmorefamilyresponsibilities.D.Raisingawarenessofhealthproblems.

6.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoGetAlongwithNeighbors?

B.TheInner-circleortheMiddle-circle?

C.WhyareAmericansBecomingDistant?

D.AreAmericanCommunitiesDisappearing?

【答案】4.A5.B6.D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居，这一情况可能正在摧毁美国人的社区的社会现象。

文章介绍了《消失的邻居》一书的作者对此的看法，以及这一现象可能导致的影响。

【4题详解】

词句猜测题。

根据画线词上文“ButrecentlyfewerandfewerAmericansseemtoknowtheirneighbors.”以及后文“maybedestroyingAmericanscommunities”可知，最近越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居，即与邻居缺乏亲密关系可能正在摧毁美国人的社区。

故画线词指的是“与邻居缺乏亲密关系”。

故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第三段中“Buthesaidthemiddle-circleisnecessarytostrengtheninglocalcommunities.Relationshipswithneighborsareimportantfordebate,hearingdifferentideasandfindingcompromise.（但他说，中间圈子对于加强当地社区是必要的。

与邻居的关系对于辩论、听取不同意见和寻求妥协都很重要）”可知，拥有中间圈子的关系可以与他人分享意见。

故选B。

【6题详解】

主旨大意题。

根据第一段中“ButrecentlyfewerandfewerAmericansseemtoknowtheirneighbors.ThatmaybedestroyingAmericanscommunities.（但是最近越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居。

这可能正在摧毁美国人的社区）”结合文章主要说明了越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居，这一情况可能正在摧毁美国人的社区的社会现象。

文章介绍了《消失的邻居》一书的作者对此的看法，以及这一现象可能导致的影响。

可知，D选项“美国社区正在消失吗？

”最符合文章标题。

故选D。

C

Inanageofonlineshopping,commercialalgorithmsandstreamedentertainment,mostofusrarelyfaceuptothingsthathavenotbeendigitallymatchedtoourpreviousinterestsorprejudices.Fewwillhaveavoidedthesuggestion“ifyou'veenjoyedX,thenyou'lllikeYandZ”astheysurftheinternetlookingforbooks,filmsormusic.”

Butnowthereareeffortstofightbackagainstit.Inboththeartsandthemedia,aseriesofnewprojectsarecelebratingtheimportanceofcomingacrosstheunexpected.

Anewself-helpbookbyNeilFarber;anAmericanacademicanddoctorfocusesonthevitalrolethatchanceplaysinenrichingourlivesandthoughts.Anunconventionalservice,TradeJournalCooperativeisofferingtosendarandompublicationdirecttoyourdoorfourtimesayear,fromProfessionalPastatoAmericanFuneralDirectororPlumberMagazine.

Anewradioapp,Stack,deliberatelydeliversmusicchosenbysomeoneelse.Stackhasbeensetupinresponsetothevastareasofunknownmusicavailabletodownload.ThemusiconStackisinsteadchosenbyanumberofDJsandmusiciansand,importantly,listenerscannotinfluencewhatitplays.“It'snotdesignedaroundyourusage,”saysWigram,whoisanartdealer.“Butitremovestheanxietyofhavingto'like',or'liking'somethingbymistake,andsuddenlybeingrecommendedtracksthatyoudon'tevenlike.Algorithmsreducediversityandchance.Andit'sthatelementofchance,ofdiscoveringanewtrack,thatanalgorithmcan'tcompetewith.Idobelievethathumanbeingscandoitbetterthanalgorithms.”

Sothehopeforaninterestingfuture,accordingtoWigram,dependsuponagoodmixofblindchanceandtrustedhumanrecommendations—abitliketheshelvesoftheoldindependentrecordstoresandbookshops.

7.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph1?

A.Adilemmafacinginternetusers.

B.Asuggestiongivenbyinternetproviders.

C.Anonlinephenomenonrelatedtopreference.

D.Anopendiscussionconcerningonlineshopping.

8.Whyaretheexamplesinparagraph3mentioned?

A.Toindicatetheinfluenceofthemedia.B.Toexplaintheoperationofnewprojects.

C.Toprovethesuccessofacreativeservice.D.Toshowthesignificanceofchanceinlife.

9.HowdoestheappStackhelplistenerschooseasong?

A.Byofferingexpertrecommendations.B.Bymakinguseofalgorithms.

C.Byremovingtheanxietyofmusicians.D.Byprovidingplentyofsongs.

10.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Topromoteahealthydigitallifestyle.

B.Togivehelp