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八下U2
Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.
一.基本词汇
1.打扫或清除干净___________
2.欢呼;喝彩v__________
3.分发;散发___________
4.义务做;自愿做v自愿者n____
5.想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等)
6.推迟___________
7.标志;信号n___________
8.分发___________
9.打电话给某人;征召___________
10.曾经...;过去...___________
11孤独的;寂寞的adj__________
12.几个;数个;一些pron_____
13.强烈的;强壮的adj________
14.感觉;感触n________
15.满足;满意n_________
16.参加...选拔;试用_______
17.尤指长途旅行;行程n______
18.募集;征集v________
19.独自;单独adv__________
20.修理;修补v__________
21.聪明的;聪颖的adj_____
22.修理;装饰_________
23.赠送;捐赠_________
24.(外貌或行为)像_____
25.破损的;残缺的adj_____
26.车轮;轮子n_____
27.建起;设立_____
28.影响;有作用_____
29.瞎的;失明的adj_____
30.聋的adj_____
31.想象;设想v_____
42.困难;难题n_____
33.拿;提;扛v_____
34.训练;培训n_____
35.仁慈;善良n_____
二、短语总结
重点短语
1.Clean-UpDay清洁日2.anoldpeople’shome养老院
3.helpoutwithsth.帮助解决困难4.usedto曾经……;过去_
5.carefor关心;照顾6.thelookofjoy快乐的表情
7.attheageof在......岁时8.cleanup打扫(或清除)干净
9.cheerup(使)变得更高兴;振雀10.giveout分发;散发
11.comeupwith想出;提出12.makeaplan制订计划
13.makesomenotices做些公告牌14.tryout试用;试行
15.workfor为…工作;为….效力16.putup建造;举起;张贴
17.handout分发;散发;发给18.callup打电话;召集
19.putoff推迟;延迟20.forexample比如;例如
21.raisemoney筹钱;募捐22.takeafter与......相像;像
23.giveaway赠送;捐赠24.fixup修理;修补;解决
25.besimilarto与……相似26.setup建立;设立
27.disabledpeople残疾人28.makeadifference影响;有作用
29.beableto能够30.after-schoolreadingprogram课外阅读项目
Give短语小结
1.giveup(doing)
2.giveout
3.giveaway
4.givein
Up短语小结
1.giveup
2.cleanup
3.cheerup
4.fixup
5.setup
6.putup
7.getup
8.stayup(late)
9.comeupwith
10.takeup(doingsth.)
Out短语小结
1.giveout
2.handout
3.tryout
4.goout
5.eatout
6.hangout
7.findout
8.getoutof
9.comeout
三、重点语法——动词不定式
A.作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻,常用it作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不定式后置。
常用句型:
It+be+adj./n.+(for/ofsb.)todosth./Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.
B.作宾语——动词want,decide,hope,ask,agree,choose,learn,plan,need,teach,prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。
C.作(后置)定语——常用于“have/has+sth.+todo”或“enough+名+todo”“It’stimetodosth.”等结构中。
D.作宾语补足语——tell,ask,want,invite,teach,like,call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成tell/ask/want/call/invitesb.todosth.结构。
【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to:
“一感(feel),二听(listento,hear),三让(let,make,have,,四看(lookat,see,watch,notice),半帮助(help)”。
E.动词不定式作状语
主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因。
为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加inorder(to)或soas(to)“为了,目的是”。
常用结构有too+adj./adv.+todosth.等。
F.固定句式中动词不定式的用法
常见的有:
hadbetter(not)dosth./Wouldyouliketodosth.?
/Whynotdosth.?
/Wouldyouplease(not)dosth.?
等。
专项训练题
一、选择适当答案。
1._______isdifficulttoworkoutthemathsproblem.
A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.Its
2.Wedecided_______attheendofthismonth.
A.travelB.notstartoutC.toleaveD.going
3.Theyhavenopaper_______.
A.towriteB.towritewithC.writeonD.towriteon
4.Lethim_______arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongwalk.
A.hasB.haveC.tohaveD.had
5._______thecomputerisaproblem.
A.HowtouseB.WhattouseC.WheretouseD.Whichtouse
6.Theteachertoldus_______inbed.
A.don’treadB.readnotC.tonotreadD.nottoread
7.Theoldmanwas_______angry_______sayaword.
A.so,thatB.as,asC.too,toD.very,to
8.Why_______hometomorrow?
A.notgoB.notgoingC.nottogoD.didn’tgo
9.TheTVsetistooloud.Willyouplease_______?
A.turndownitB.turnitdownC.toturnitdown
10.It’scoldoutside.Youhadbetter_______yourcoat.
A.toputonB.puttingonC.putsonD.puton
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.Ittookhalfanhour_______(get)totheWorldParkfromKitty’sschool.
2.Itwasinteresting_______(see)somanyplacesofinterestfromallovertheworld.
3.Theywant_______(save)timebyusingshorterwordsandphrases.
4.Kitty’sclassmateDanieltaughthimselfhow_______(make)ahomepage.
5.Things_______(do)inBeijing.
6.Hemadethegirl_______(cry)yesterday.
7.Heputhisphotosonitforeveryone_______(look)at.
8.Helphim_______(put)thephotosinthecorrectorder.
9.It’stimeforclass.Pleasestop_______(talk).
10.I’dlike_______(go)totheTempleofHeaven.
四、基本知识点
1.sick生病的,有病的;可在句中作表语Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定语asickchild
【区别ill】ill与sick同义;但是只在句中做表语,不做定语。
Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.
2.cheer(sb.)up(让某人)变得高兴;振奋起来
Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.
3.giveout分发;散发,相当于handout,Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.
givesth.outtosb.意为。
4.volunteer【名词】志愿者【动词】义务做,自愿做(某事)volunteertodosth.
Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.
5.usedtodosth.过去/曾经(常)做某事,表示过去的习惯、动作或状态,并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。
Thereusedtobeacinemahere.
Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.
6.alone【形容词】独自一人的,无感情色彩:
Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.
lonely(感到)孤独寂寞的,带有很强的感情色彩,可做表语或定语。
Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.
7.careforsb./sth.照顾;照料……
care【名词】小心,关心takecareof=lookafter→【动词】careaboutsb./sth.关心,在意某人/事
→【形容词】careful/careless→【副词】carefully
8.such“这样的,这种,如此”,用于修饰名词
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词:
suchagoodday/suchanexcitingmatch
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词:
suchimportantdecisionssuchdeliciousfood
如果名词前被many,much,few,little修饰时,只能用so,而不用such:
somanysickchildren/solittletime
9.tryoutfor…参加…选拔,争取成为…
ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.
tryout试用,试验
10.journey【名词】(尤指长途)旅行,行程;trip【名词】多指短途旅行;
travel【名词、动词】travelaroundtheworld→【名词】traveler旅行者
11.【复习】bebusywithsth.bebusydoingsth.
12.【复习】trydoingsth.trytodosth.tryone’sbest(todosth.)
13.【复习】beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.
14.raisemoney集资,筹钱;raisemoneyfor…为……筹钱
raise【动词】举起;提高;募集
15.keep【动词】keep+名词,保留(某物);keep+形容词,保持
16.【形容词】broken破损的,出毛病的;blind瞎的,失明的;deaf聋的;disabled有残疾的,丧失能力的
在句中做定语和表语:
17.makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事成为可能,
YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.
makeit+形容词(+forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事成为…;think/findit+形容词todosth.
18.makeadifferenceto…对……有影响;对……有作用,difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修饰,如
Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.
Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.
19.difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数;表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数;
havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.
20.beexcitedaboutsth.,Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.
【复习】excited意为,在句中做;exciting意为,在句中做。
【达标检测】
()1.It’stimeforCCTVnews.Let’s_______theTVandwatchit.
A.turnonB.getonC.tryonD.puton
()2.AndreaBocellinever,whichmakeshimasuccessfulsinger.
A.takesawayB.givesawayC.getsupD.givesup
()3.—Wouldyoumind______themusicalittle?
Don’tyouthinkit’stooloud?
—Sorry!
I’lldoitinaminute.
A.turningonB.turningoffC.turningupD.turningdown
()4.—HowdoyoulikeLiYundi?
—Acoolguy!
Hismusic______reallybeautiful.
A.tastesB.soundsC.smellsD.looks
()5.Theteachersencouragetheirstudentstotheproblemsbythemselves,andinthiswaystudentscanenjoysuccess.
A.giveupB.workoutC.lookthrough
()6.IfweChineseworkhardtogether.ChinaDreamwill.
A.comeoutB.cometrueC.achieve
()7.Paul’sparentswereworriedthathetoomuchtimechattingonline.
A.spentB.paidC.took
()8.Canyouhelpmeto_______mydogwhenIleaveforHongKong?
A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookatD.lookthrough
()9.—Cindy,lookatyournewshoes.Aren’ttheybeautiful?
—Yes,theyarereallynice,Mum.Ican’twaitto.
A.putthemonB.putitonC.putonthem
()10.—Whenwilltheplane_____Shanghai?
—Sorry,Idon’tknow.
A.getB.arriveatC.reach
()11.Manystudentsinourschool_______theoldandtheyusuallyoffertheirseatstothemonbuses.
A.worryaboutB.careforC.agreewithD.takecare
()12.Tom,it’scoldoutside._______yourcoatwhenyougoout.
A.TakeoffB.PutonC.PutawayD.Takeaway
()13.AstudentinFudanUniversitywaskilledbyhisroommatejustbecauseofsmallthings
indailylife.Itisimportantforstudentstolearnhowto________eachother.
A.getonwithB.comeovertoC.stayawayfrom
()14.Ifyouwanttobuythisdress,you'dbetter____firsttomakesureitfitsyou.
A.payforit.B.takeitoff.C.tidyitup.D.tryiton..
巩固练习
一.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Wecan’tparkourcarhere.Canyouseethe_______(标志)there?
Itsays“Noparking!
”
2.Iwouldliketo_______(鼓励)upthesick.
3.Inhisfreetime,healwayshelpsthe______(小孩)withtheirschoolwork.
4.I______(志愿服务)inanafter-schoolstudygroup.
5.Wecan’tputoff_____(制定)theplananymore
6.Therearemany_______(特殊)studentsinourschool.
7.Thispart-timejobtakesme_____(几个)hoursaweek.
8.Heworksinalocal______(小学)schoolafterclass.
9.Hewantstobea______(兽医)whenhegrowsup.
10.Hissisterisa_____(职业)singer
二.词组翻译
11.用尽
12.与(父母)相象
13.修理
14.分发
15.使高兴起来
16.推迟
17.建立
18.学生志愿者工程
19.职业歌手
20.不但。
。
。
而且
21.重大贡献
22.电台记者
23.张贴标语
24.分发广告
25.打电话给。
。
。
26.结局
27.交朋友
28.处理
29.对。
。
。
发火
30.学校的规定
三.句型转换,每空一词。
(10分)
31.LiuMeihadtoleavehersister.(改为一般疑问句)
________LiuMei________________leavehersister?
32.Whynotaskfortheteacher?
(改为同义句)
________________________fortheteacher?
33."Howdoeshegotoschooleveryday?
"Heaskedme.(合并为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Heaskedme________________________toschooleveryday.
34.MikeleftEnglandthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)
Mike________________________________England______threeyears.
35.Howwindyitistoday!
(改为同义句)
________________windy______itistoday!
36."Don'tsayitlikethat."hesaidtome.(合并为含有宾语从句的复合句)
He_____