test three.docx

test three.docx

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testthree

ModelTest3

PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:

OnChineseWorkers'PaidHolidays.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:

1.有人认为"带薪休假"有很多好处......

2.有人认为"带薪休假"落到实处很难

3.你的观点及建议

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1－7,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswithinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8－10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

　　ObesityinChildren

　　Obesityinchildrenandadolescentsisrisingatanalarmingrate.Currentlyover15%ofyoungpeopleover6yearsoldareobese,andobesityisalsoincreasingamongchildrenaged5andyounger.

　　ChildrenareconsideredtobeoverweightiftheBMI（BodyMassIndex）isover85%oftheweightgroupintheirageandsexcategories.Ifitis95%andover,theyareconsideredtobeobese.Adolescentsaregenerallyjudgedaccordingtoadultcriteriaforobesity,althoughthereareotherconsiderationsinthispopulation.Ethnicvariations,timingofgrowthspurts,andhighernormalfatlevelsaroundpubertycancausedisparitiesinthesemeasurements.

　　CausesandRiskFactorsforObesityinChildren

　　LifestyleFactors.Withouteducationalorparentalguidance,childrenareextremelyvulnerabletotheintenseculturalpressuresthatarelargelyresponsiblefortheobesityepidemic.Neitherthemedianortheeducationalsystemhasstrongwell-financedprogramsthatencouragehealthy-alternatives,includingexerciseandhealthyfoods.Thefollowingaresomespecificproblemscreatedbytheculture:

　　*Excessivetelevisionwatchingplaysacriticalroleinobesityinchildren.Notonlyisitasedentaryactivity,buttelevisionalsooffersinnumerabletemptationswithitsadvertisementsforfastfoods,sugarcereals,andunhealthysnacks.Inonestudyobesityrateswerelowestinchildrenwhowatchedtelevisiononehourorlessadayandhighestinthosewhowatchedfourormorehours.

　　*Sugar,particularlyfromsoda,othersweetenedbeverages,andfruitjuice,maybemajorcontributorstochildhoodobesity.Onestudyreportedthatdrinkingsodaregularlyincreasesachild'sriskforobesityby60%.

　　*Lessphysicalexerciseandgreatersedentaryactivitiesplayanothersignificantroleinobesityinchildren.Ahighlevelofphysical,activity-notjustusingupenergy-isimportantforweightcontrolinyoungpeople.

　　FamilyHistory.Parentalobesitymorethandoublestheriskthatayoungchild,whetherthinoroverweight,willbecomeobeseasanadult.Inolderchildrenandteenagers,obesityinparentsstartstocountlessasapredictorforbodyweightthantheirownweight.Theriskmaybeduetoenvironmentalorgeneticfactors,orboth.

　　EthnicandSocioeconomicFactors.Asinadultpopulations,childrenfromlowersocioeconomicgroupsandminoritypopulationsareathigherriskforobesity.Forexample,amongyoungMexicanAmericansandAfricanAmericans,therehasbeenanincreaseinoverweightprevalenceofabout13%toover23%.

　　FactorsSurroundingBirth.Thefollowingfactorssurroundingbirthareassociatedwithachild'sweight:

　　*Lowbirthweightisariskfactorforlaterobesityanddiabetes.Onetheoryisthathumanshavea"thriftygene"thatproducesmetabolicchangesininfantswithlowbirthweight.Suchchangesaffectinsulinandfataccumulationinordertoproducea"catch-up"weightintheseyoungchildrenasquicklyaspossible.Thisrapidweightgainininfancyincreasesthegainriskforobesityinchildrenandalsoinyoungadulthood.

　　*InastudyofAfricanAmericanchildren,havinganoverweightpregnantmotherincreasedtheriskforlaterweightgain,butlowbirthweightdidnot.

　　Althoughsomesmallstudieshavereportedprotectionagainstobesityfrombreastfeeding,evidenceisweak.Ina2003study,forexample,childrenwhowerebreastfedforthreetofivemonthshadalowerriskforobesity,butprolongedbreastfeedinghadnoeffect.Nevertheless,giventhehealthfuleffectsofbreastfeedingandthepossibilitythatitmayhaveevenaslightimpactonchildhoodobesity,itishighlyrecommended.

　　HealthConsequencesofChildhoodObesity

　　Childrenandadolescentswhoareobesehavepoorerhealththanotherchildren.Studiesarereportingunhealthycholesterollevelsandhighbloodpressureinobesechildrenandadolescents.Ofgreatconcernisthedramaticincreaseintype2diabetesinyoungpeople,whichismostcertainlylargelyduetotheincreaseinobesity.Obesityinchildrenisalsolinkedtoasthma,gallbladderproblems,sleepapnea,andliverabnormalities.Childhoodobesitymaybepartlyresponsibleforthedecliningageforonsetofpubertyingirls,withsubsequentrisksforbreastcancer.

　　Itisnotclearyethowmanyofthesechildhoodproblemspersistinpeoplewhoachievenormalweightasadults.Stayingoverweightintoadulthoodcertainlyconfershealthrisks.

　　ManagingOverweightandObeseChildren

　　Childhoodobesityisbesttreatedbyanon-drug,multidisciplinaryapproachincludingdiet,behaviormodification,andexercise.Someevidencesuggeststhatreducingcaloriesbyonly200to260perdaywouldpreventweightgaininmostoverweightchildren.Heresometipsforchildrenwhoareoverweight:

　　*Limitoravoidifpossibletake-out,fastfoods,high-sugarsnacks,commercialpackagedsnacks,sodaandsugarsweetenedbeverages（includingtoomuchjuice）.

　　*Letchildrensnackbutmakesurethesnacksarehealthy.Eatingsmallfrequenthealthymeals（insteadoftwoorthreelargeones）hasbeenassociatedwithbeingthinnerandhavingabettercholesterolprofile.

　　*Letchildrenchoosetheirownfoodportions.Onestudyindicatedthatchildrennaturallyate25%lesswhentheychosetheirownportionsize.Whentheyweregivenlargerportionstheirbitesizeswerelargerandtheyatemore.

　　*Don'tcriticizeachildforbeingoverweight.Itdoesnothelpandsuchattitudescouldputchildrenatriskforeatingdisorders,whichareequalorevengreaterdangerstohealth.

　　*Limittelevision,videogames,andcomputerusetoafewhoursaweek.Thiscancontributesignificantlytoweightcontrol,regardlessofdietandphysicalactivity.

　　*Foryoungchildren,trythetraffic-lightdiet.Foodisdesignatedwithstoplightcolorsdependingontheirhighcaloriccontent:

Greenforgo（lowcalories）;yellowfor"eatwithcaution"（mediumcalories）;redfor"stop"（highcalories）.

　　*Tryalow-glycemicindexdiet.Thismaybeasbeneficialandpossiblymorethanastandardreduced-fatdietinobesechildren.Suchadietfocusesoncarbohydrates,suchasdriedbeansandsoythatraisebloodsugarmoreslowlythanothers.Thisdietissometimesusedindiabetesandasadietaryapproachinoverweightadults.

1.OverweightchildrenarethosewhoseBMIisover85%oftheweightgroupintheirageandsexcategories.Y

2.Theeducationalsystemispositiveinpromotingexerciseandhealthyfoods,accordingtothepassage.N

3.Itisobservedthatchildrenwatchingtelevisiononehourorlessadaytendtobelesslikelytosufferfromobesity.Y

4.Theintakeofsugaramongchildrenisanimportantcontributortochildhoodobesity.N

5.Inmostcases,obesechildrentendtohaveparentssufferingobesity,asenvironmentalorgeneticfactorsarethemajorreasonsforchildhoodobesity.Y

6.Infantswithlowbirthweightmayfaceariskforobesityastheygrowupintochildhoodandyoungadulthood.Y

7.Forobesechildren,achievingahealthyweightbecomesmoredifficultastheygetolder,asthepersistenceisbiological.NG

8.Obesechildrenandadolescentshavepoorerhealth,astheyarereportedtohaveunhealthy__cholesterollevelsandhighbloodpressure______.

9.Itissuggestedthatreducingcalories__byonly200to260perday______wouldpreventweightgaininmostoverweightchildren.

10.Theauthorbelievesthatitdoesnothelptocriticizechildrenforbeingoverweight,asthismayincreasetheriskfor__eatingdisorders______.

PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

SectionA

11.A）Themanisoutofshape.　

B）Themandoesn’tneedanewracket.　　

C）Themanalsoneedsnewtennisshoes.　　

D）Themanspenttoomuchonhistennisshoes.　　

12.A）Shepreferschemistry.　　　

B）Shehasn’tgotapartneryet.　　

C）Sheistootiredofchemistry.

D）Sheistoobusytoworkonherchemistry.　　

13.A）Customerandwaitress.

B）Teacherandstudent.　　

C）Bossandsecretary.

D）Lawyerandclient.　　

14.A）Hewassatisfiedwiththeserviceontheship.　　

B）Itwasthefirsttimehehadbeenabroad.　　

C）Hehadneverbeenonawarship.　　

D）Hehasbeenonthewarshipbefore.　　

15.A）Heisconfident.

B）Heisworried.　

C）Heisbored.

D）Heisangry.　　

16.A）Thewomanofferedtohelpthemanfindhisbox.　　

B）Themandoesn’tknowwheretogo.　　

C）Thewomanwillbuytheman’slunchforhim.　　

D）Thewomanwillg