中国的名胜古迹英文版.docx
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中国的名胜古迹英文版
China'srelics
China'stop10sites:
theGreatWall,mountainsandriversinGuilin,Hangzhou,BeijingPalaceMuseum,Suzhougardens,HuangshaninAnhui,
YangtzeRiverThreeGorges,TaiwanSunMoonLake,theSummerResortin
Chengde,Qinlingterracottawarriorsandhorses.
GreatWall
GreatWall'shistory:
theGreatWallinnorthernChina,beganintheWarringStatesQin,Zhao,Yanthethreecountries.
1,Qin,Zhao,YaninthenorthofthereasonsfortheconstructionoftheGreatWall
QinZhaoYanwhyshouldtheconstructionoftheGreatWallinthenorth,fromtheWarringStatesperiodSpeakingofthesituation.WarringStatesperiod,themiddleandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiverisChina'sYellowRiverregionfromslavesocietytothefeudalsocietyofthetimeofchange.Ascountriesbetweenthepoliticalandeconomicrelationsstrengthened,ZhuXiacultureandtheQin,ChuandWu,themoreculturalexchangeandintegration,reunificationofthetrendofincreasinglystrong.AtthattimeafeudalreformoftheWei,Zhao,Han,Chu,Qi,Qin,YanQiafterapowerfulandprosperouscountry,tomergethewar,seekingtoforcereunificationoftheYellowRiver,themiddleandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiverregion.Atthistime,innorthernShaanxi,ShanxiProvince,northernHebeiProvinceandInnerMongoliagrasslandonthevariousethnicminoritieshaveastrong,constantLulueQin,Zhao,Yanthreenorthernborder.Qin'snorth,justdrainage,northoftheHuns;NorthwestZhaoLinHu,Loufan,theNorthhasDanLan,theHuns;Yan-guoNorth-Eastsector.Thesenorthernminorityregime,withtheexceptionofjusticedrainageinagriculture,theotherarenomadic,huntingaliving.DrainageisjustnorthwestofpowerontheLoessPlateau,sincetheSpringandAutumnandWarringStates,Qincontendwithmorethan100years.Hun,theEast-nomadicpeoples,suchasthemilitaryismorehigh-quality,andoperationalability.Accordingto"HistoricalRecords•BiographyoftheHuns,"records:
theHunsweretonomadic,huntingaliving,livestocktohorses,cattle,sheepforthelargest,followedbycamels,donkeys,mules,andsoon.They"movementbywaterplants,WuChangcastle,tillthefieldsofindustry.ButalsotheirBuildingMemberspresent."YoungmenonthestudyJishe."Infantscanridesheep,micewitharch-launchedbirds;littlelonger,theradioFoxrabbit;usedforfood."Therefore,toanadult,"makeforaride."OftheWarringStatesPeriod,theHunshaveenteredslavesocietyandastateagency.KingcalledShanyu,lefttheirhomeunder,YouxianWang,leftandright-LiWang,leftandrightgenerals,leftandrightbigDuWei,leftandrightwhenthebigfamilies,leftandrightofbothHou,Chuzuo,YouXianwang,theotherministerarehereditary.EastHu,LinHu,DanLan,andtheHunsLoufanbasicallythesame.
SincethemiddleoftheWarringStatesPeriod,theykeepLulueQin,Zhao,Yaninthenorthernpartofthethreecountries.BecauseoftheirgoodatJishe,longerthanthefield,takingasurprise,comeandgoPiaohudifficultZhuomo,shownverystrongcombateffectiveness.AndQin,Zhao,Yaninthemid-WarringStatesisthemaincombatunitsandinfantryfightingvehicles,wearingKuanyithesleeveofclothing,moveslowly,online30-50,naturallycannotstoptheHuns,theEast-attacksandLulue.Thisisnotonlytothenorthernpartofthethreepeople'slivesandpropertywereseriouslythreatened,productionwasseverelydamaged,butalsogreatlyaffectedthethreecountriesofthereunificationcause.Inviewofthispassivesituation,wehaveconductedthreeMilitarySysteminthenorthernpartofthereformandconstructionoftheGreatWall.
SincethebeginningofreformShangYangQin,theFuguojiangbing.Graduallychangedintothearmyinfantryandcavalry,andtoursofmilitarymeritandpromotion,enhancethearmy'scombateffectiveness,Suoxiangwudi.WangHuisixyears(before332)and10years,has大败WeitowinWEIXiRiverCounty(nowShaanxiLuoheRiver)andShangJun(nowtheDepartmentofShaanxiProvinceinNortheast)to.InordertopreventtheSouthernHunswereransacked,zhaoWANGorderedinLongxi,North,ShangJunconstructionoftheGreatWallnorthoftheborder,andsenttroopsstationed.
Zhao-lingWANGin19years(before307)MilitarySystembeforethereform,implementationofHufujishe.Sincethenstrongforce.20years,theWest-lingWANGLinHuslightly,toYuzhong,LinMa-WangXianzhiXiangfu,butonlytotheBanshi.26years(before300),breakingZhongshan,Rangandtothenorth-yan,and(nowinnorthernShanxiProvince),NorthwestconcerningLandtotheclouds,nineoriginal(nowtheInnerMongoliaandLingleCountytoWuJiaRiverregion).Therefore,orderedtobuildtheGreatWall,sincethegenerationandYinshanMountain(nowtheCastlePeak,InnerMongolia,WuLateHill)andtheWest,Zhidirivers(nowtheInnerMongoliaWuJiaRiver),andthehomeDaijun,Yanmen,cloudinthecounty,southagainsttheHunsLulue.Tospecializedinthenorthwest,thenextyear,helethisson-inHoWang,sincethefatherofthemain.WangHui,2002(previous297),themainfatherofageneration,toRiver(nowShanxi,InnerMongoliabetweentheYellowRiver),WangbrokeLoufanresultofitssoldiers.
Qi-XiongYan-guointheWarringStatesisoneoftheweakestcountries,withthenewsouth-QiZhaofromtheNorthtoforceinEastHu.UntiltheYanzhaoWangenthronement(previous311),theFafentuqiang,withrecruitmentofelitecountries,reform,Yan-guouponlyastrongandprosperous.WhentheEast-powerful,oftenSouthernYan-guoransackedthenorthernregion.YanJuninordertomaintainpeaceinthenorth,eastHuWangwasforcedtomakepeace,andtothewillofhostages.ZhaoWANG,QinKaiHuqualityintheEast,heZhiyongshuangquan,WangTung-eventheletter,thefreedomofmovement,tounderstandthesouth-eastofthemountainsandriversXianyao,deployedwiththemilitarysituationintheactivitiesoflaw.AfterreturningfromthatoftheEast-forceattacks,thebigbreak,andmorethan1,000East,butHu.And"ofattackingNorthKoreaandliaotungensis"concerningLandtoPeiwater(nowNorthKoreaQingchuanJiang).Therefore,the"GreatWallYiZhuYan,Yangmadesince(thisKangbaoCountyofHebeiandInnerMongoliaTaibusCounty)toXiangping;homeonValley,YuYang,rightPeking,westernLiaoningProvince,LiaodongCountyrefusedtoHu."
Tosumup,theWarringStatesperiod,Qin,Zhao,YanistheconstructionoftheGreatWallinthenorth,itspurposeistodefendagainsttheHuns,theSouth-Eastransacked.
TheGreatWallisfromthecity,developedfromFort.Asamilitarydefenseprojectonthecity,Fort,asearlyastheendofYuanshigongshestarted.Becauseitcanplayaneffectiveroleinthedefense,afterenteringclasssociety,thedevelopmenthasbeengenerally.GreatWall,firstappearedintheSpringandAutumn,suchasChuoftheCity(inthisareaofNanyanginHenanProvince).TotheWarringStatesPeriod,WEIXiRiverCountyistheGreatWall,ZhaoZhangshuiontheGreatWallandZhongshan,awesternGreatWall,YanYiistheGreatWall,theTaishanMountain-alongwiththeGreatWall.TheGreatWall,inthewarhaveplayedasignificantrole.Therapidactionofthenorthernnomadiccavalry,whereaboutsandhard,bothcountriesinfantryorcavalry,theycannotpreventthemfromattacksandLulue.OnlytheconstructionoftheGreatWall,togetherwiththegarrisondefense,willitbepossibletopreventthemfromransackingtheSouth.OnlytheconstructionoftheGreatWallinthenorth,troopscanbedeployedmainlyforthenationsofthemergerbetweenwaranddefendthewar,tocompletethegreatcauseofreunification.
Second,Qin,Zhao,YanthevalueoftheGreatWall
WarringStatesperiod,theQin,Zhao,YanGreatWall,asamilitarydefenseprojects,whetherinwarplayedaroleinwhat»Onitsrole,inparticulartheQinGreatWallandtheGreatWallofYan,almostnodocumentedhistory,ZhaoGreatWallrecordsrarely.Thisisnotthattheydidnotdowhatrole»Isnot.Onthecontrary,thethreecountriesshowsthattheconstructionoftheGreatWall,theHuns,suchastheEast-notsweptacrossthesouthernGreatWall,theGreatWallinthemilitaryonthedefenseplayedamajorrole.
Asweallknow,zhaoWANG,Qinterritoryisaperiodofoneofthefastestexpansion.IfnotbuilttheGreatWallnorth,QinarmytobedeployedtoguardthenorthandpassanimportantchanneltostopthepowerfulHunSouthsnatched,howtodeploythearmy大败thesixcountriesofthecoalitionforces,thesixcountriesoccupiedlargetractsofland?
»Clearly,XiuQinDynastyGreatWall,onlyasmallnumberoftroopsstationed,thesouthwillbeabletostoptheHuns.IftheXiongnutroopssouthward,withtheGreatWallofdefense,difficulttobreakthrough1:
00;QinduXianyangnotfarfromthisdayornighttwoorthreedaysandnightstosaveyou,therefore,theHunsdidnotdaretomovesouth,self-defeating.Inshort,sinceQinzhaoWangbuilttheGreatWall,theHunshavenotLuluesouth,whichshowstheGreatWallofmilitarydefenserole.
AsforZhaoGreatWall,theconstructionintheYinshanMountain(nowtheCastlePeak,urapidilShandongSouth)atthefootofmanyofthesoilbyBenZhu,poorquality,andclosetotheHuns,atthebeginningoftheXiongnutroopsareoftenattacked.AlthoughZhaoarmydefensivepresence,totaketheinitiativeagainstthecity,butatetheloss.XiangWangZhaomournwhen(former224-before236),ZhaobordertiredforthedefeatbytheHuns,theNorthtight,therefore,senttotheGreatWallLiMugeneralscommandingarmydefense.XiangWangLiMucheapertomourntheappointmentandremovalofprivilegesShuli,andthecloud