多元文化下边缘人的呐喊及其深层文化内涵毕业论文.docx

多元文化下边缘人的呐喊及其深层文化内涵毕业论文.docx

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多元文化下边缘人的呐喊及其深层文化内涵毕业论文

多元文化下边缘人的呐喊及其深层文化内涵毕业论文

Contents

Abstracti

摘要ii

1Introduction1

2ArtisticAppreciationofTheLoons4

2.1DistinctDescriptionofPiquette’sComplicatedCharacters4

2.1.1Piquette’sColdnessandStolidityintheBeginning4

2.1.2Piquette’sGreatDevotiontoLifeFourYearsLater5

2.1.3Piquette’sHopelessnessAftertheFailureofMarriage6

2.2SymbolisminTheLoons7

2.2.1TheSymbolismoftheEnvironments7

2.2.2TheSymbolismoftheSpirit8

2.2.3TheSymbolismoftheEnding9

2.3PuninTheLoons9

3TheDeeperCulturalConnotationinTheLoons12

3.1Post-colonialFeminism12

3.2EcologicalViewinTheLoons---ConflictsBetweenHumanCivilizationand

EcologicalEnvironment13

4Conclusion15

References17

Acknowledgements19

毕业设计（论文）知识产权声明20

毕业设计（论文）独创性声明21

TheCryoftheMarginalizedPeopleinMulticulturalism

—TheAnalysisofTheLoonsandItsDeeperCulturalConnotation

1Introduction

Canadaisacountrywithmulti-culture,multi-ethnics,andmulti-religions,whichiscomposedofimmigrantsandaboriginalpeoples.Becauseofthecomplicatedcompositionoftheethnics,foronething,Canadianculturehasvariousandcolorfulfeatures,foranother,thereexistsseriousnationalcontradictionandconflictofinterestsresultingfromdifferentculture,traditions,customs,religions,andsomeothervalues.Canadiannationalliteratureisrootedinthemulticulturalism.

Nationassimilationisakindofphenomenonthatanationorapartofanationlosesitsownnationalfeatures,becominganothernation.[1]Foralongtime,theCanadianmainstreamculturewaspossessedbyBritishandFrenchculture,whileaboriginalculturewasoppressedandassimilated,resultingintheirlowsocialstatusandeducationlevel.Hence,Canadianwritersinthatperiodwerealmostthedescendantsofwhitesettlers,whoseliterarythemeswerelivingconditionsofthewhite.Atthesametime,afewwritersbegantofocusontheaboriginalculture.Forexample,E.CarlwrotelotsofnovelsabouttheIndianculture,andcreatedauniquethemeofCanadianliterature.

Fromthe1960stothe1980s,itisanunprecedentedboomingperiodforCanadiannationalliterature.Thesubjectsofliteraryworksinthatperiodbecameincreasinglydiverse,andworksfocusedonthefemalepsychologyandlivingconditionsofminoritiesincreased.Meanwhile,thereemergedalargenumberofoutstandingwriters,andMargaretLaurencewasthebestrepresentative.WhitepersonasLaurencewas,shedidnotmakethewhiteculturethecenterofherliteraryworks.LaurencestayedseveralyearsinAfrica,andhadprofoundobservationonthesurroundinglife,whichmadeherhavespecialfeelingstothemarginalizedpeoplesufferingfromlong-termcolonialoppression,andmadeherhavedeepunderstandingstotheCanadianmulticulturalism.Therefore,herworksoftenshowedthelivingconditionsofmarginalizedpeopleinmulticulturalism.Marginalexistenceandsurvivalbecameoneofhermainliterarythemes,whichmadeherwokshavedistinctiveartisticfeaturesandprofoundideologicalcontent.HermasterpieceTheLoonsdescribedthelivingconditionsofmarginalizedpeopleundermulticulturalism,andrevealedtheculturaldilemmaandsurvivalplightofethnicminoritiesafterculturalcolonization.

MargaretLaurencewasborninalittleprairietownofCanadain1926.Aftergraduationin1947,shemarriedJackLaurence,whowasanengineer.In1949,theymovedtoBritain,andthenmovedtoGhanainAfrica,whereLaurenceboretwochildren.HerlifeexperienceinAfricaofferedherabundantwritingresources.Asaresult,herearlyworkswascenteredontheAfricanlifeandtheirfightforsurvival,freedom,andindependence.

In1957,theLaurencessettledbacktoCanada,thusherliterarycreationenteredanewperiod.HerliterarythemesbegantocompletelyturntoCanadianlife,inwhichthemostfamousaretheManawakaseriesshortstories,includingfourlongstories----TheStoneAngel,AJestofGod,Thefire-dwellers,Thedivinersandacollectionofshortstories---ABirdintheHouse.ThefivestorieslaidthefoundationofMargaretLaurence’sstatusinCanadianliterature,andmadeherrisetofameallaroundtheworld.

Thecollectionofshortstories---ABirdintheHousepublishedin1970gatheredLaurence’seightshortstories,whicharecloselyrelated.Thisisacollectionwithanatureofbiography.Throughthetellingofthelittleheroin--VanessaMacleod,theauthorshowedfromtheeyeofakidthecomplicatedcharactersunderthecomplicatedenvironment.TheLoonsisoneofthemostwonderfulstoriesinManawakaseries.Manawakaisavirtualenvironment,whoseprototypeisthebirthplaceofMargaretLaurence.SmallasManawakawas,itwasamicrocosmofCanadiansociety.

The1970swasanalternateperiodofCanadianoldandnewculturalpolicies.Asanewwriterfocusingonsociallife,MargaretLaurencehaddeepfeelingsaboutCanadianmulticulturalism,andsheturnedtheliterarythemetothelivingconditionsofmarginalizedpeopleinthemulticulturalenvironment.InTheLoons,Laurenceusedthefirst-personnarrativeofthelittleheroinVanessa,whotoldtheMetisgirlPiquetteTonnerre’slife.Shelivedinashackinaclearingofthethicket,asissaidinthenovel.Herfatherandgrandfatherhangondrinkingandbrawl,andhermothertookoffbecauseoftheunbearableburdenofthefamily.Becauseofthetuberculosis,Piquettewasoftenabsentfromtheclass.Shewasusuallysilentandcold,eventhoughshewasinDiamondLakewith“my”family.Althoughgratefulto“my”father,sheneverexpressedherfeelings.Confrontedwithherfrostyresponseagainandagain,“I”lostpatienceonherandgraduallydriftedapartwithher.Fouryearslater,when“I”metheragaininacafe,shewasjustlikeanotherperson.“Herface,sostolidandexpressionlessbefore,wasanimatednowwithagaietythatwasalmostviolent.”[3]Shetalkedto“me”actively,proudlyannouncingthatshewasgoingtogetmarriedwithawhiteboy.Butwhentalkingwithmymotherseveralyearslater,“I”gotthenewsofherdeath.Afterthefailureofmarriage,“shecamebackwithhertwobabies,drinkingmostoftheday.”[3]Thenonacoldwinternight,shediedinabigfireathome,alongwithhertwobabies.Onlywhen“I”wentbacktoDiamondLakeagain,whichhadbeenchangedtoanationalpark,did“I”reallyunderstandPiquette.Underthepressureofindustrialcivilization,Piquette,asamarginalizedperson,wasjustliketheloons,losingthehome,endingtodestructionatlast.

Thispaperiscomposedoffourparts.Intheintroduction,theauthorintroducestheculturalandhistoricalbackgroundinthewritingofTheLoons,thecourseofLaurence’sliterarycreation,andthemaincontentofTheLoons.Inthesecondpart,theauthorshowsPiquette’scomplicatedcharacters,andthetwoimportantfiguresofspeechinthestory--symbolismandpun,whichmakeTheLoonsshortbutwithgreatpower.Inthethirdpart,theauthorrevealstwodeeperculturalconnotationsinTheLoons:

oneispost-colonialfeminism,whichappealsforpeopletofightfortherightsandinterestsofwomenintheThirdWorld;theotherisLaurence’secologicalview.Sheexpressesgreatconcernabouttheecologicalproblems,appealingtoprotectionoftheecologicalenvironment.Intheconclusion,theauthorsummarizesthemaincontentofthepaperwiththreewords:

highartisticquality,sociality,andideologicalcontent.

2ArtisticAppreciationofTheLoons

TherearegreatartisticfeaturesinTheLoons.LaurencesuccessfullyrepresentsPiquette’scomplicatedandchangeablecharacterswithsimplewords.TheusageofsymbolismandpunisthebiggestfeatureinTheLoons,whichmakesthestoryshortbutwithprofoundpower.

2.1DistinctDescriptionofPiquette’sComplicatedCharacters

Asuccessfulcharacterisfullofcomplexityandcontradictions,andisconstantlychanging.[4]Byusingthefirstpersonnarrative,LaurenceshowedPiquette’scomplicatedandchangeablecharacters.InTheLoons,“my”eyeswerefocusedonthetwoclosecontactsbetweenPiquetteand“I”,whichshowedthedistinctchangeofhercharacters.ThechangingprocessofPiquette’scharacterisdividedintothreeperiod:

thefirstishercoldnessandstolidityinDiamondLake,thesecondishergreatdevotiontolifewhen“I”metherfouryearslater,andthelastisherhopelessnessafterthefailureofmarriage.

2.1.1Piquette’sColdnessandStolidityintheBeginning

Generallyspeaking,characterisdecidedbythelivingenvironment.Inthestory,Piquette’scharacterisdecidedbybothsocialenvironmentandfamilyenvironment.

Intermsofsocialenvironment,afterthefailureofRiel’srevolt,Metislosttheirlands,completelybecomingthelowestsocialclass,asaresult,theycouldnotfindtheirrightpositioninthewhitemainstreamsociety.AsfalfbreedsofFrenchandIndians,amongthemselvestheyspokeapatoisthatwasneitherCreenorFrench.TheydidnotbelongamongtheCreeoftheGallopingMountainreservation,furthernorth,andtheydidnotbelongamongtheScots-IrishandUkrainiansofManawaka,either.[3]Theywerediscriminatedbythewhitemainstreamsociety.As“my”grandmotherputit,neitherflesh,fowl,norgoodsaltherring.[3]Althoughshewas“my”classmate,“I”didnotactuallynoticeherverymuchuntilthatpeculiarsummerwhen“I”wasseven.[3]Piquettegrewupwithoutsenseofbelonginginsuchacoldsociety.

Intermsoffamilyenvironment,Piquettegrewupinafamilylackingwarmthandlovewitheachother.Hermothertookoffseveralyearsago.Havinglostthehostessinthefamily,herfatherandgrandfathergraduallythrewthemselvesintothedrinkingworld.Asaresult,